Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

This study examined 1) the effects of infusion of LTB4 and 2) the potential role of LTB4 in the sequelae to endotoxic shock in the rat. Control rats were anesthetized with Ketamine/xylazine and given LTB4 (2 micrograms/kg) bolus i.v. followed by a 1 microgram/kg/min infusion for 10 min. LTB4 induced systemic hypotension and a three-fold increase in circulating band neutrophils which contributed to a 70% increase (P less than 0.05) in the total peripheral neutrophil count. LTB4 did not cause changes in circulating mature (segmented) neutrophils, lymphocytes, platelets, or hematocrits. Pretreatment (1 min) with LY233978, an LTB4 antagonist (10 mg/kg bolus i.v.), inhibited LTB4-induced systemic hypotension (-16.1 +/- 6.1 mmHg [n = 3] vs. -38.8 +/- 5.9 mmHg [n = 4], P less than 0.05). Salmonella enteritidis endotoxin (10 mg/kg bolus i.v.) induced systemic hypotension, hemoconcentration, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia, which was greatest at 5 and 15 min postendotoxin. The leukopenia was characterized by lymphopenia, band neutropenia, and segmented neutropenia. LY233978 (10 mg/kg bolus i.v. immediately before endotoxin administration and followed by an infusion at 0.67 mg/kg/min for 90 min) attenuated endotoxin-induced hemoconcentration at 60 and 90 min postendotoxin (P less than 0.05), and systemic hypotension at 15 min postendotoxin (P less than 0.05). The LTB4-receptor antagonist LY255283 (10 mg/kg bolus i.v., 10 min before endotoxin followed by a 5 mg/kg bolus i.v. 30 min postendotoxin) completely inhibited endotoxin-induced systemic hypotension and partially attenuated endotoxin-induced hemoconcentration from 15 min to 90 min postendotoxin (P less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Effect of LTB4 receptor antagonists in endotoxic shock in the rat. 166 29

Six calves, aged 24 to 58 days and not previously exposed to bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV), were infected with this agent by nose-to-nose contact with a persistently BVDV viraemic calf. The study was conducted in two trials, using 3 calves in each. All 6 calves showed a peak interferon level in serum at 4 days post infection (dpi), and they seroconverted to BVDV at 16-21 dpi. The calves in trial 1 had diarrhoea for 2 or 3 days between 2 and 6 dpi and one calf again from 9 to 11 dpi. During the periods of fever, the calves were slightly depressed. Those in trial 2 were more depressed and their oral and nasal mucous membranes were reddened but they never had diarrhoea. In both trials, fever (up to 41.3 degrees C) was a prominent symptom at 8 to 9 dpi and 2 calves showed a diphasic fever course. Respiratory affection was mild and no medical treatment was required. Haematological assessment demonstrated a transient but significant leukopenia and lymphopenia at 4 dpi (P less than 0.01 and P less than 0.05 respectively) and 11 dpi (P less than 0.05 and P less than 0.01 respectively). A significant decrease in thrombocyte count was seen at 4 dpi (P less than 0.05, n = 3). This study has demonstrated that nose-to-nose contact is an effective way of transmitting BVDV from persistently infected to susceptible cattle.
 ...
PMID:Primary bovine viral diarrhoea virus infection in calves following direct contact with a persistently viraemic calf. 171 13

As many as 103 children exposed to minor doses of radiation after the Chernobyl accident were examined for peripheral blood morphology. Statistical and individual analysis did not reveal any pathological alterations on the part of the hemograms of the radiated children. At the same time they manifested certain deviations in the form of leukopenia, lymphopenia and neutropenia, suggesting the action produced by radiation factor. On the whole, these alterations were characterized as adaptation ones of multifactorial genesis. The data obtained support an assumption that the changes in the quantitative composition of blood exposed to radiation in the doses not exceeding the maximal permissible limits were not remarkable, occurring within the physiological boundaries and could be detected only during observations made over time. Emphasis is laid on the necessity of further monitoring of the hemopoietic system of the radiated children according to the current principles of dispensary observation.
 ...
PMID:[Peripheral blood of children exposed to radiation as a consequence of the Chernobyl AES accident]. 178 15

Hematologic alterations are frequent in SLE. The hematologic changes of 111 patients diagnosed as suffering from SLE are described, associating them to 89 clinical, biological and hystological variables. The most frequent alteration was normocytic and normochromic anemia. Coombs positive hemolytic anemia appeared in 10% of the cases. Approximately 20% of patients had leukopenia. Lymphopenia was observed during the active period of the disease. Mild thrombocytopenia is common, as well as quality changes of the platelets. The sedimentation rate is high in nearly all patients with SLE and this is a non-specific index of the disease activity. These changes have seldom been described in our area.
 ...
PMID:[The hematological manifestations in 111 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus]. 191 69

Infection of macaques by the simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV), like HIV infection in humans, results in a variable time course to clinical disease. Developmental studies of macaques have shown that psychosocial disruption, including social separations, can result in both immediate and long-term immunological consequences. Using colony records on a subset of rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) inoculated with SIV at the California Primate Research Center, Davis, California, USA, we constructed regression equations to determine whether the animals' psychosocial histories could explain any of the variability observed in measures of disease progression. After controlling for dosage, age at inoculation, sex, and previous inoculation history, psychosocial variables were found to be significantly associated with several indicators of disease, including latencies to display leukopenia and lymphopenia, weight loss, and survival. We believe these preliminary results suggest an important role for psychosocial processes in affecting disease progression in SIV infection in macaques.
 ...
PMID:Psychosocial factors and disease progression in simian AIDS: a preliminary report. 193 Jul 72

The acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was first diagnosed in burundi in 1983 when a large number of patients were registered with Kaposi's sarcoma, cryptococcal meningitis, and disseminated candidiasis. In the 1st phase of the disease the vi rus is dormant. In the 2nd phase seroconversion appears; and in the 3rd phase generalized adenopathy emerges. In the 4th phase the full-blown disease appears as a result of cellular immunity deficit with emaciation, fever, sweating, chronic diarrhea, asthenia, blood parameter changes (lymphopenia, thrombocytopenia, leukopenia, anemia, and specific immune disorders). The early phases can be diagnosed by serological tests. During 1989 a group of 155 patients with 1st signs of seropositivity were studied in the central hospital of Bugumbura. The available clinical diagnostic markers were: 56 cases of herpes, 26 cases of generalized adenopathy, 25 cases of inflammatory infiltration of paraganglionic zones, 13 abscesses and phlegmons, 8 cases of chronic proctitis, 8 prurigo cases, 7 cases of chronic pneumonia and bronchitis, 4 cases of paresis of the facial nerve, 4 cases of Kaposi's sarcoma, 2 cases of fresh syphilis, 2 cases of anemia, asthenia, dizziness, and weight loss. Tomo- and zonographical X-ray study of the thorax of 80 patients aged 20-65 (51 men and 29 women) was performed. In 62 patients changes in the lungs were evident. In 2 patients tuberculosis of the lungs was diagnosed: miliary TB in a 26-year woman and disseminated TB in a 31-year man. 2 chronic and 3 bronchial, and 10 interstitial pneumonia cases were diagnosed in 15 patients with average age of 30 years. 4 patients had peribronchial and pneumonic infiltrations. In a group of 45 patients magnified picture showed no deformation in the lungs; and only 5 had respiratory organ pathology. Interstitial pneumonia was the most often diagnosed ailment by X-ray inpatients infected with HIV.
 ...
PMID:[X-ray pulmonary manifestations in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency virus]. 196 22

Tick-borne rickettsiae of the genus Ehrlichia have recently been recognized as a cause of human illness in the United States. In the years 1986-1988, 10 cases of ehrlichiosis were diagnosed in children in Oklahoma. Fever and headache were universal: myalgias, nausea, vomiting, and anorexia were also common. Rash was observed in six patients but was a prominent finding in only one. Leukopenia, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia were common laboratory abnormalities. Six patients were treated with tetracycline, three with chloramphenicol, and one was not treated with antibiotics: all recovered. The onset of illness in spring and early summer for most cases paralleled the time when Amblyomma americanum and Dermacentor variabilis are most active, suggesting that one or both ticks may be vectors of human ehrlichiosis in Oklahoma.
 ...
PMID:Ehrlichiosis in children. 198 31

Toxicity of environmental pollutants may be expressed as combined effects of a chemicals. Benzene, a proven hematotoxic agent, frequently occurs with toluene in cocontaminated groundwater. Groups of CD-1 male mice were exposed continuously for 4 weeks to benzene (166 mg/l), toluene (80 and 325 mg/l), and combinations of benzene (166 mg/l) + toluene (80 mg/l or 325 mg/l) in drinking water. Benzene-induced anemia was alleviated by simultaneous toluene treatment. Leukopenia and lymphopenia were observed in the case of benzene only and benzene + toluene (80 mg/l)-treated mice. The cytopenia, however, was less severe in the benzene + toluene (325 mg/l)-treated group. Immunotoxicity induced by benzene treatment alone was characterized by involution of thymic mass and suppressions of both B- and T-cell mitogeneses, mixed lymphocyte culture response to alloantigens, the tumor lytic ability of cytotoxic T-lymphocytes as determined by 51Cr-release assay, and antibody production response to T-dependent antigen (sheep red blood cells). IL-2 secretion by Con A-stimulated mouse T-cells was decreased in the benzene-treated group. Toluene (325 mg/l) completely inhibited these adverse effects when it was coadministered with benzene, while the low dose of toluene (80 mg/l) did not protect against benzene-induced depressions of immune functions. Toluene administered alone at levels up to 325 mg/l showed no obvious immunotoxic effects. Results of this study demonstrated that toluene, in sufficient amounts, has an antagonistic effect on benzene immunotoxicity.
 ...
PMID:Subclinical effects of groundwater contaminants. III. Effects of repeated oral exposure to combinations of benzene and toluene on immunologic responses in mice. 214 47

The influence of age on the prevalence of individual clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) has not been adequately distinguished from racial or gender influences. Therefore, we examined variations in the clinical manifestations of SLE with age in a group of 361 patients. Multivariate regression techniques, including logistic regression and analysis of covariance, were used to identify clinical features associated with age, while controlling for important confounding factors, including race, gender, duration of followup, and treatment effects. Lymphopenia was found more frequently with increasing age, while malar rash, seizures, false-positive VDRL, thrombocytopenia (in whites), proteinuria (0.5-3.5 g/day), elevated antidouble stranded DNA antibodies, and hypocomplementemia were found less frequently. No age relationship was found for the prevalence of 16 of 24 clinical features examined, including the important disease manifestations of arthritis, serositis, psychosis, nephrotic-range proteinuria, renal failure, autoimmune hemolytic anemia, and leukopenia. The use of regression analysis allows the recognition of similarities and differences in cumulative clinical features of SLE due to age in isolation from the effects of other demographic factors.
 ...
PMID:Age associated clinical manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus: a multivariate regression analysis. 234 26

In a 4-month double-blind study the effects of dimethylfumaric acid esters (DMFAE-EC) and DMFAE plus salts of monoethylfumaric acid esters (fumaric acid combination, FAC-EC) in enteric-coated tablets were compared in 22 respectively 23 patients with psoriasis. In both groups about 50% showed a considerable improvement, i.e. the initial score was more than halved. The therapeutic effects showed no significant differences in both groups with respect to the total psoriasis score or the different parameters. In the FAC-EC group the effects were obtained more rapidly. Most frequently observed side effects in both groups were flushings, stomachache and diarrhea. Due to these complaints 3 respectively 8 patients discontinued therapy. Eosinophilia, leukopenia and lymphopenia were the most frequently observed differences in lab tests. It was concluded that FAC-EC had no significantly better effect than monotherapy with DMFAE-EC. Moreover, enteric coating of the tablets did not prevent stomach complaints. Until more information has been obtained about the pharmacokinetics, the toxicity and optimal composition of the drug, the fumaric acid therapy in psoriasis should be seen as experimental.
 ...
PMID:Fumaric acid therapy in psoriasis: a double-blind comparison between fumaric acid compound therapy and monotherapy with dimethylfumaric acid ester. 239 1


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>