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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We analysed the clinical and pathologic features of 42 patients with immunologically confirmed peripheral T-cell lymphoma. The median age was 60 years and the male to female ratio was 1:1. A prior lymphoproliferative or autoimmune disorder was present in 14 per cent of the patients. Signs of advanced disease were usually present from the onset, such as B symptoms (55 per cent), generalized lymphadenopathy (57 per cent), stage III/IV disease (62 per cent), and elevated levels of serum lactate dehydrogenase (68 per cent). Primary extranodal disease (14 per cent), hepatomegaly (12 per cent), splenomegaly (12 per cent), lung/pleural involvement (12 per cent), skin involvement (21 per cent), and bone marrow involvement (28 per cent) were uncommon. Lymphocytopenia was present in 64 per cent of the patients, and none of nine patients tested were serologically positive for human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus (HTLV-I) infection. Among 38 patients receiving combination chemotherapy, 20 (53 per cent) achieved a complete remission. The actuarial median survival of all patients was 17 months. Age greater than 60 years and stage III/IV disease predicted a poor clinical outcome, whereas the large cell histological subtype predicted a favourable outcome. Prospective clinical studies using uniform treatments and a uniform histologic classification scheme are needed to confirm these findings.
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PMID:Peripheral T-cell lymphoma: a clinicopathologic study of 42 cases. 288 15

Several immunologic responses were measured in 13 healthy cats with naturally acquired, persistent feline leukemia virus (FeLV) viremia from 4 multiple-cat households and were compared with responses from 28 of their healthy, non-FeLV-viremic housemates. Significant differences (P = less than 0.05) were not observed between results of FeLV-viremic and nonviremic cats for peripheral blood leukocyte or lymphocyte count, percentage of peripheral blood mononuclear cells able to form rosettes with guinea pig RBC or with antibody- and complement-coated sheep RBC, lymphocyte proliferative response to concanavalin A or pokeweed mitogen, or serum immunoglobulin G concentration. Seemingly, persistent FeLV viremia, when naturally acquired, may exist for some time without lymphopenia or a marked loss of mitogen-induced lymphocyte proliferation.
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PMID:Immunologic profiles of cats with persistent, naturally acquired feline leukemia virus infection. 302 Oct 28

Assays of lymphocyte subpopulations and function have been performed on patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia still in remission after 18 months' treatment. The patients were subjects of a trial of the value of craniospinal irradiation in the third month of treatment in preventing central nervous system relapse. Effects of both irradiation and chemotherapy were observed. Lymphopenia was much more marked in those patients who had received irradiation over a year previously. Assays of response to phytohaemagglutinin (P.H.A.) and staining for surface immunoglobulin indicated that this difference was due to a deficiency in thymus-dependent lymphocytes in the irradiated children. Chemotherapy had a particularly marked depressant effect on lymphocytes with antibody-dependent cytotoxic activity and a proportion of PHA-responsive cells were also depressed. It may be relevant that four of the patients depleted of thymus-dependent lymphocytes by radiation died of infection during remission, while none of those treated with chemotherapy alone died in remission.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive consequences of radiotherapy and chemotherapy in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukaemia. 457 43

16 Zambian patients with Kaposi's sarcoma (KS) were studied to determine whether they had evidence of lymphopenia with decreased T helper/T suppressor (Th/Ts) ratios or previous infection with opportunistic pathogens. Serological tests for viruses commonly associated with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) were also carried out. 12 patients had a decreased Th/Ts and 2 of these were also lymphopenic. Serological evidence for infection with Toxoplasma and with Pneumocystis was present but this was not significantly more common in KS patients than in controls. All 16 patients had antibodies to cytomegalovirus (CMV), 15 had antibodies to Epstein-Barr virus and 13 to human T leukaemia virus (HTLV) infected cells. 5 patients had evidence of previous infection with hepatitis B virus. African patients with KS seem to have an immunological and virological profile similar to that seen in American patients with AIDS.
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PMID:African Kaposi's sarcoma and AIDS. 614 9

Colony forming unit (CFU) assays were developed for feline granulocyte-macrophage (CFUGM), early erythroid (day 2 CFUE), and late erythroid (day 7 CFUE) colonies in methylcellulose medium. Feline CFUGM and both day 2 and day 7 CFUE were enhanced by feline macrophage conditioned medium and late CFUE often were intimately associated with macrophages. Kittens were inoculated with the Kawakami-Theilen (KT) strain of feline leukemia virus (FeLV) and sequential changes in marrow CFU determined. Erythroid aplasia, characterized by progressive non-regenerative anemia, lymphopenia, and a profound decrease in early and late CFUE but not CFUGM was induced by 3 to 5 weeks after FeLV-KT inoculation. The susceptibility of kittens to FeVL-induced erythroid aplasia was strongly age-related; neonatal kittens were most sensitive and substantial natural resistance developed by 4 weeks of age. The results demonstrate that FeLV-KT infection induced a rapid and selective suppression of erythroid progenitor cells and represents a suitable model of experimentally-induced acquired erythroid aplasia.
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PMID:Feline leukemia virus-induced erythroid aplasia: in vitro hemopoietic culture studies. 627

A 25-year-old man with hemophilia who had been treated primarily with cryoprecipitate presented with epigastric pain and loose, melenic stools. He had a long history of malaise and intermittent upper respiratory tract infection with fever. The patient was shown to have disseminated histoplasmosis and refractory herpes simplex. Immunologic studies demonstrated a markedly decreased ratio of helper to suppressor T cells, lymphopenia, cutaneous anergy and a slightly elevated serum IgA level. These findings met the criteria for the diagnosis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In addition, antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus were detectable in the serum.
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PMID:AIDS in a patient with hemophilia receiving mainly cryoprecipitate. 642 32

The incidence of B cell leukaemia in 186 consecutive untreated patients with histologically defined B cell neoplasms is described. The lymphomas were classified by the Kiel convention. B cell leukaemia in the context of this paper refers to the situation where a neoplastic clone of B cells in the blood greatly outnumbers normal blood B cells. It is defined as an absolute blood B cell count greater than 0.75 X 10(9)1(-1) where either greater than 90% B cells express kappa immunoglobulin light chains or greater than 80% express lambda light chains. This was found in several patients where the total blood lymphocyte count was within normal limits. All patients with diffuse lymphocytic lymphoma with the histological appearances of B cell chronic lymphocytic leukaemia (ML-BCLL) were found to have B cell leukaemia. However, more than half these patients had blood B cell counts less than 10 X 10(9)1(-1). B cell leukaemia was also a feature in approximately 33% of patients with follicle centre cell tumours and 33% of those with lymphoplasmacytoid tumours. B cell leukaemia was not detected in 34/35 patients with myelomatosis. The 35th patient had plasma cell leukaemia. Only 3/22 patients with high grade lymphoma had B cell leukaemia. In the three principal tumour types associated with B cell leukaemia mu + delta was the most common immunoglobulin heavy chain phenotype. Spontaneous mouse red cell rosette formation also characterised leukaemic B cells in these three groups but high proportions of mouse rosetting cells were seen only in association with ML-BCLL. None of 4 cases of prolymphocytic leukaemia showed mouse red cell rosetting. HLA-DR alpha chain was found on the leukaemic cells of all patients except one with ML-BCLL. B cell lymphopenia was a frequent finding in all histological groups in those patients who did not have B cell leukaemia.
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PMID:The incidence of B cell leukaemia and lymphopenia in B cell neoplasia in adults: a study using the Kiel classification of non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. 660 60

Complete hemograms were evaluated for 57 rats with mononuclear cell leukemia and compared to hemograms obtained from 52 age- and sex-matched nonleukemic rats. All leukemic rats had marked hemolytic anemia and associated spherocytosis, reticulocytosis, anisocytosis, and polychromasia. The anemia varied with the stage of illness and was more severe in rts with advanced leukemia. Death appeared to be related to anemia. There was a marked neutrophilia with left shift, mild lymphopenia, and moderate to severe thrombocytopenia. Atypical mononuclear cells were detected in circulation in all but three rats. Total white blood cell counts ranged from 5.0-370 x 10(3) cells/ml. There was an increase in erythrocyte osmotic fragility with separation into two distinct populations of erythrocytes. Eight of nine rats were Coombs' positive indicating an immune-mediated pathogenesis for the anemia. Hemostasis tests revealed a markedly prolonged prothrombin time, hypofibrinogenemia, slightly increased to normal partial thromboplastin time, and undetected fibrin degradation products. These findings suggest significant liver disease associated with the leukemia.
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PMID:Pathology of the mononuclear cell leukemia of Fischer rats. II. Hematology. 664 39

A 73-year-old man developed Kaposi's sarcoma 6 years after the diagnosis of hairy-cell leukemia, at which time a splenectomy was performed. He received no additional treatment. The Kaposi's sarcoma was complicated by the development of immune thrombocytopenia and Listeria monocytogenes meningitis. Evaluation during the course of his disease revealed lymphopenia, decreased OKT4 + subset, and increased OKT8 + subset. The clinical and immunologic findings in this patient have similarities to the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome.
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PMID:Kaposi's sarcoma associated with hairy cell leukemia, immune thrombocytopenia, and opportunistic infection. 672 36

A putative retrovirus was isolated from a dog with a severe, acquired immunodeficiency-like syndrome. The haematological abnormalities and immunological deficiencies included anaemia, leucopenia (lymphopenia and neutropenia), thrombocytopenia, decreased humoral immunity, and ineffective T-cell responses in-vitro. The necropsy findings included generalized lymphoid depletion, severe bone marrow hypoplasia, plasmacytic infiltrates in lymphoid and non-lymphoid organs, and severe secondary infections. Supernates of peripheral blood mononuclear cell cultures from the affected dog contained an agent with manganese-dependent reverse transcriptase (RT) activity that sedimented at a density of 1.122 g/ml. RT activity was also found post-mortem in extracts prepared from the bone marrow, lymph nodes, and small intestine. The lymph nodes and small intestine expressed a 3.8 kb mRNA that was recognized by a bovine leukaemia virus (BLV) pol DNA probe by Northern blotting. DNA isolated from the lymph nodes and small intestine from the affected dog showed distinct band patterns by Southern analysis, suggesting an exogenous retrovirus. The retrovirus could be propagated in normal canine peripheral blood mononuclear cells or short-term canine lymphocyte cell lines in-vitro, and was cytopathogenic for cells of canine, but not human, origin. These results suggest the existence of a pathogenic canine retrovirus capable of producing disease of the type associated with retroviruses in other species.
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PMID:Retrovirus-like activity in an immunosuppressed dog: pathological and immunological findings. 753 63


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