Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied population and subpopulation composition of peripheral blood lymphocytes and HBV circulation markers in 126 patients in the acute period of the disease and prophylactic screening within 6 months. It was established that in case of complete recovery the changes of immunocompetent cells had a transitory character. Replication forms of chronic hepatitis the immune status showed marked T-lymphopenia with prevailing reduction of T-suppressors. The role of cellular immunity in the formation of chronic liver disease is discussed.
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PMID:[Cellular immunity in viral hepatitis B and its transition into chronic forms]. 182 78

The sequence of activation of the components of the cytokine network subsequent to in vivo application of different dosages of IL-2 is still poorly understood. Although side effects of IL-2 therapy are dose dependent, the dose-response relationship for induction of potentially beneficial or harmful cytokine genes still remains to be studied. We examined the patterns of cytokine gene expression after treatment of chronic hepatitis B patients with various doses of IL-2 in a phase 1 trial. Total RNAs were isolated from PBMC harvested at various time points after s.c. injection of natural IL-2 ranging from 30,000 to 1,000,000 U. Dose-dependent effects on mRNA expression of IL-2, GM-CSF, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, and IL-6 were assessed using Northern blotting and slot blotting techniques. A single application of 30,000 U nIL-2 induced selective and long-lasting expression of IL-2, IFN-gamma, and GM-CSF genes, which was not accompanied by accumulation of TNF-alpha and IL-6 mRNAs. Larger dosages of IL-2 induced activation of monokine genes and were associated with systemic side effects. mRNA levels of the different cytokines related to biologic activity and correlated with expression of specific proteins and cellular parameters: IL-2 mRNA with soluble IL-2R serum levels and induction of lymphopenia, GM-CSF mRNA with induction of neutrophilia, and IL-6 mRNA with c-reactive protein serum concentrations. Taken together these data indicate unexpected immunoregulatory activities of very low and nontoxic dosages of IL-2 in vivo.
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PMID:Biologic activity of low dosage IL-2 treatment in vivo. Molecular assessment of cytokine network interaction. 804 24

Chronic renal failure (CRF) is often complicated by lymphopenia and sometimes by hepatic dysfunction. To elucidate the involvement of apoptosis in these complications, we analyzed Fas antigen which mediates apoptosis on peripheral blood T cells and hepatic cells. T cells from uremic patients expressed Fas with higher intensity than control T cells. When cultured in vitro, uremic T cells were shown to undergo acceleratd apoptosis in correlation with Fas expression. Immunohistological analysis of liver tissues revealed that hepatocytes in patients both with chronic hepatitis and with CRF expressed higher levels of Fas than those in patients alone with chronic hepatitis. These results suggest that T cells and hepatocytes in CRF may undergo apoptosis by the Fas system.
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PMID:[Apoptosis in uremic complication]. 925 9

The variation of natural killer (NK) cell activity and lymphocyte subsets 20 h after a single test dose of alpha-IFN, was studied in 17 thalassemic patients with chronic hepatitis C. All patients had suspended the alpha-IFN therapy at least 12 months before the study: 10 were considered responders and 7 nonresponders. Also NK cell cytotoxicity after in vitro incubation with alpha-IFN was studied. The administration of a single dose of alpha-IFN increased NK cell cytotoxic activity significantly in the group of responders and in non-responders; moreover the NK cell cytotoxic activity after alpha-IFN in vitro incubation increased both in responders and nonresponders, but to a lesser degree than in healthy controls. Absolute values of CD4+ and CD8+ lymphocytes decreased significantly only in responders. In conclusion, our data suggest that the variation of NK cytotoxic activity and lymphocyte subsets after a test dose of alpha-IFN can be considered a parameter related to IFN biological effects.
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PMID:Effect of alpha-interferon on natural killer cell activity and lymphocyte subsets in thalassemia patients with chronic hepatitis C. 928 4

Eight Japanese hemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) received interferon (IFN) therapy and four of them (50%) responded completely. Non-responders included 3 double-infected patients: 1 with hepatitis B virus (HBV) and 2 with human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1). In one of the patients with HIV-1 double infection, the absolute number of CD4+ lymphocytes decreased during IFN therapy. These findings suggest that hemophiliac patients with CHC can respond well to IFN therapy, but in patients who are double-infected with HBV and HIV-1, the indication of IFN therapy should be considered seriously.
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PMID:Interferon therapy for Japanese hemophiliacs with chronic hepatitis C. 936 52

Chronic hepatitis B is the immunocompromising condition. The decrease of lymphocyte telomerase is linked to immunosenescence in hosts. To know whether telomerase activity of lymphocytes is involved in immunopathogenesis in patients with chronic hepatitis B, telomerase activity of peripheral lymphocytes was determined in such patients. The results showed that telomerase activity in resting peripheral lymphocytes of healthy subjects was detectable at low level, and obviously increased (P<0.001) after stimulation in vitro with phytohaemagglutinin (PHA). Telomerase activity of lymphocytes decreased with age in both groups with or without PHA stimulation. Telomerase activity of resting lymphocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis B was also observed at detectable level and markedly upregulated after PHA stimulation. The decreased telomerase activity of resting lymphocytes was found in patients with chronic hepatitis B (n=14, 0.32+/-0.27) compared to that in healthy subjects (n=17, 0. 52+/-0.28; P<0.05). However, there was no difference present between these two groups in telomerase activity of activated lymphocytes with PHA. In addition, no effect of recombinant human interleukin-12 (rhIL-12) on telomerase expression was observed in either the patient group or the healthy group. We concluded that the decreased telomerase activity of lymphocytes in chronic hepatitis B patients is present, which may be partly responsible for immunosuppressive condition in such patients.
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PMID:Telomerase activity of peripheral blood lymphocytes in patients with chronic hepatitis B. 1096 4

We recently treated a patient with severe aplastic anaemia (SAA) who also had chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection. The HBV serological status at the time of diagnosis of SAA was HBsAg(+) and HBeAg(+). Subsequent analysis of the precore region of HBV DNA showed wild-type. He received anti-thymocyte globulin (ATG) and cyclosporin A (CsA) therapy twice. After each course of ATG infusion and during CsA therapy he developed lymphopenia for 1 and 2.5 months, respectively. His serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) became normalized during the period of lymphopenia, but the serum HBV viral load increased. When his peripheral lymphocytes count recovered, his ALT became elevated again. Lamivudine was effective to normalize his elevated ALT and suppress viral replication. The phenomenon observed in this case supports the prevailing notion that hepatitis B flare-up in HBV carriers after chemotherapy is caused by an immune-mediated mechanism. Meanwhile, this is the first documented case of SAA who developed HBV reactivation upon recovery of lymphopenia after immunosuppressive therapy. This also highlights the necessity of pre-emptive therapy with lamivudine in SAA/HBsAg(+) patients to receive immunosuppressive therapy with ATG/CsA.
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PMID:Restoration of immunity and reactivation of hepatitis B virus after immunosuppressive therapy in a patient with severe aplastic anaemia. 1511 33

The lesion of the liver in viral hepatitis was found to depend on the state of the immune system. Relationship between the content of lymphocyte subpopulations (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD20+) in the blood and immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) with parameters of semi-quantitative evaluation of the activity of hepatitis and the stage of liver fibrosis in children with chronic virus hepatitis B, C, B + C was studied. The characteristic feature of all hepatitis was a decrease in the number of T lymphocytes CD4+ below the normal level and an increase in the content of B lymphocytes. The correlation between the morphological activity of hepatitis and the amount of T lymphocytes CD8+ was established only in chronic hepatitis B. In chronic hepatitis B and B + C the absolute amount of blood lymphocytes decreased with the increase of the age of the patients, but in chronic hepatitis B this was accompanied by the decrease of the morphological activity of hepatitis and in hepatitis B + C by its increase. The amount of lymphocytes CD4+ rose with the increase of liver fibrosis in chronic hepatitis B. In children with chronic hepatitis C and B + C the amount of blood lymphocytes was found to be unrelated to the morphological activity of hepatitis.
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PMID:[Interrelation between the activity of hepatitis, liver fibrosis and immune status in children with chronic hepatitis B and C]. 1518 60

The unexpected observation of severe pulmonary tuberculosis after a 7-month combined pegylated interferon-ribavirin for chronic hepatitis C, prompted us to search an eventual immunodeficiency (lymphopenia and/or depletion of CD4+ T-lymphocytes. The retrieval of a chest radiograph incidentally performed 11 y before and showing a probable primary tuberculosis, paralleled a negligible clinical history. The enlargement of interferon indications needs careful evaluation for prior (usually missed) tuberculosis, to prevent or avoid its possible reactivation. Latent tuberculosis is increasingly reported because of extended life expectancy, immigration, and recent availability of cure for multiple chronic disorders, which are often borne by primary-secondary immunodeficiency.
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PMID:Reactivation of severe, acute pulmonary tuberculosis during treatment with pegylated interferon-alpha and ribavirin for chronic HCV hepatitis. 1650 Jul 82

Interferon (IFN)-alpha induced CD4(+) T lymphopenia is a toxic effect of the treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-co-infected patients. To increase the knowledge about this secondary effect, we performed an analysis of the evolution of the T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs), CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and of their CD45RO(+) and CD45RA(+) subpopulations during the treatment of chronic hepatitis HCV with peginterferon alpha (pegIFN-alpha) + ribavirin. Twenty HCV/HIV-co-infected patients, with undetectable HIV load after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), were treated with pegIFN-alpha + ribavirin. TRECs were determined using real-time polymerase chain reaction. CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells and their CD45RO(+) and CD45RA(+) subpopulations were analysed by two-colour flow cytometry. Median baseline CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells were 592 mm(3) and 874 mm(3), respectively. Median baseline CD45RO(+) subpopulation was 48% for CD4(+) T and 57% for CD8(+) T lymphocytes. A progressive decrease in both T cell populations, as well as of their CD45RO(+) and CD45RA(+) subpopulations, was detected, with a difference between the baseline and nadir levels approaching 50%. The evolution of T cell populations and TRECs was independent of the response to the treatment. T lymphocytes and their subpopulations returned to baseline levels at 24 weeks after the end of treatment, with the exception of the T CD4(+) CD45RA(+) subpopulation. The ratio of CD4(+) CD45RO(+)/CD4(+) CD45RA(+) increased from 0.89 (baseline) to 1.44 (24 weeks after the end of the therapy). TRECs/ml did not return to the basal values. In conclusion, a significant reduction of CD4(+) and CD8(+) T cells, and of their CD45RA(+) and CD45RO(+) subpopulations, in HIV/HCV co-infected patients treated with pegIFN-alpha was observed. Both subpopulations increased after the suppression of treatment, but the CD4(+) CD45RA subpopulation did not reach the basal levels as a consequence, at least in part, of a decrease in thymic production.
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PMID:T cell receptor excision circles (TRECs), CD4+, CD8+, and their CD45RO+, and CD45RA+, subpopulations in hepatitis C virus (HCV)-HIV-co-infected patients during treatment with interferon alpha plus ribavirin: analysis in a population on effective antiretroviral therapy. 1703 79


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