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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In a prospective study 26 of 29 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had cold-reactive antilymphocyte antibodies cytotoxic for autologous lymphocytes and lymphocytes from normal subjects. The level of antilymphocyte antibodies was highly correlated, by linear regression analysis, with lymphopenia in these patients. The data suggested that both the avidity and the concentration of these antibodies were important determinants in this relationship. A clear association between increased antilymphocyte antibody activity and exacerbation of SLE was demonstrated. Apart from lymphopenia, however, neither type of clinical manifestation nor any particular serologic abnormality appeared to be related to the presence of antilymphocyte antibodies.
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PMID:Association of cold-reactive antilymphocyte antibodies with lymphopenia in systemic lupus erythematosus. 108 76

Peripheral blood lymphocytes of thirty normal volunteers and fifty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus were fractionated using a discontinuous (5-30 percent) Ficoll gradient. Such fractionation permitted the isolation, identification of study of null cells, T cells and B cells. Patients with inactive SLE were found to have a cell distribution and responsiveness to PHA, Con A and Pokeweed mitogen (PWM) similar to controls. In contrast, patients with active SLE showed a significant decrease in T-cell fractions as well as a relative increase in null cells, a normal distribution of B cells, a marked reduction in responsiveness to Con A, a lesser reduction to PHA and only a minor reduction to PWM. With increasing disease activity, the number of null cells increased despite lymphopenia. Spontaneous lymphocyte transformation was observed in patients with SLE. This occurred predominantly in the fractions enriched in B cells and was observed both early (0-16 hr) and late (68-72 hr) in the lymphocyte cultures. The method of discontinuous Ficoll gradients is both versatile and reproducible with good correlations between isolated lymphoid subpopulations and disease activity.
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PMID:Study of lymphocyte subpopulations in normal humans and patients with systemic lupus erythematosus by fractionation of peripheral blood lymphocytes on a discontinuous Ficoll gradient. 108 53

Hematologic alterations are frequent in SLE. The hematologic changes of 111 patients diagnosed as suffering from SLE are described, associating them to 89 clinical, biological and hystological variables. The most frequent alteration was normocytic and normochromic anemia. Coombs positive hemolytic anemia appeared in 10% of the cases. Approximately 20% of patients had leukopenia. Lymphopenia was observed during the active period of the disease. Mild thrombocytopenia is common, as well as quality changes of the platelets. The sedimentation rate is high in nearly all patients with SLE and this is a non-specific index of the disease activity. These changes have seldom been described in our area.
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PMID:[The hematological manifestations in 111 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus]. 191 69

Neurologic manifestations, afflicting up to 70% of SLE patients, include psychosis, seizures, chorea, neuropathies, and stroke. MRI is useful in evaluation of lupus patients and several reports have documented cerebral atrophy or focal hyperintensities. We report an unusual MRI appearance in a 56-year-old woman with SLE, diagnosed on the basis of pleuritis, lymphopenia, anti-DNA antibodies, and neurologic involvement. She reported recent onset of Raynaud's phenomenon and generalized macular rash. She presented after two months of gradual deterioration with memory loss, flattened affect, dysphagia, dysarthria, anomia, and somnolence, without focal neurologic signs. Investigations included elevated ESR, reduced complement, normal CSF without oligoclonal bands, negative viral serology, normal hormone and vitamin levels, normal renal and hepatic function. Neuropsychologic testing showed widespread impairment (WAIS-R: FSIQ-63; WMS-69; DRS-98; RCPM-14; WAB AQ-78.8). CT was normal but MRI showed strikingly symmetric, confluent hyperintensities extensively involving cerebral and cerebellar white matter on T1 and T2 weighted scans. Basal ganglia and subependymal and subcortical white matter were spared. Treated with prednisone, the patient made a gradual, but incomplete, recovery. These MRI findings may reflect widespread vasculopathy or direct immunologic brain insult with or without immunologic blood-brain barrier disruption.
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PMID:Dementia with leukoencephalopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. 191 71

Observations in patients with SLE and RA complicated by HIV-1 infection suggest that the immunodeficient state induced by the virus ultimately leads to improvement of rheumatic symptoms. Although profound CD4 lymphocyte depletion occurred in most of the patients reviewed, it is too simplistic to theorize that CD4 lymphopenia alone was responsible for the clinical improvement. In fact, the third case of RA was notable because arthritis improved at the onset of HIV infection before significant changes in lymphocyte numbers occurred. Human immunodeficiency virus infection has been associated with a wide array of immunoregulatory defects other than lymphocyte depletion. Such immunomodulatory effects may or may not have been responsible for the clinical observations made in the patients described in this article; but delineation of these effects might provide insights into the pathogenesis of rheumatic diseases, as well as potential therapeutic strategies.
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PMID:Effects of human immunodeficiency virus infection on the expression of rheumatic illness. 204 86

A 39-year-old woman developed transient erythema and arthralgia in spring 1987. In June she had a tick bite followed by local erythema and later migrating skin changes. Furthermore she developed pain in various joints with Raynaud's phenomenon at the fingers, swelling of the knee joints and shoulder pain. Demonstration of antibodies against B. burgdorferi antigen was shown in one institution (IFL, Western blot) while the same serum in two other institutions remained negative (IHA, ELISA). Antibiotic treatment was only temporarily successful. While the demonstration of antinuclear factors could be attributed to cross-reacting antibodies in borreliosis failing effects of absorption of serum with this antigen led to the assumption SLE as the underlying disease. Further indications were lymphopenia, increasing titers of anti ds-DNA antibodies and renal involvement as erythrocyturia and proteinuria. Sudden relief of the symptoms after treatment with steroids may be taken as further prove for this assumption. The interference of both diseases and their similarity in symptoms may impede correct diagnosis.
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PMID:[Borrelia infection and systemic lupus erythematosus]. 269 42

Four patients presented with the nephrotic syndrome. The histological appearances on renal biopsy were in three characteristic and in one suggestive of lupus nephritis. These patients did not initially have other clinical features of SLE, but three had a positive ANA and one a raised DNA titre. Remission occurred in two patients, in one spontaneously and in another following corticosteroid therapy, but two developed renal failure. During follow-up all developed elevated DNA binding levels and arthralgia or lymphopenia. The ARA classification criteria for lupus were only fulfilled at this late stage.
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PMID:Lupus-like nephritis heralding the definitive manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus. 387 72

Fas antigen (CD95) is a membrane-associated molecule that mediates apoptotic cell death and may play a role in the induction and maintenance of T cell tolerance. To elucidate the involvement of Fas antigen in human autoimmune diseases, we analysed Fas antigen expression by peripheral T cells from patients with SLE and rheumatoid arthritis (RA), using three-colour flow cytometry. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cells from SLE patients expressed Fas antigen in a higher density than did these cells from healthy donors and from RA patients. Enhancement of Fas antigen density was noted in Fas+CD45RO+ memory T cells from SLE patients. More remarkably, a significant expression of Fas antigen was observed in CD45RO- naive T cells from SLE patients. CD4+CD45RO- T cells from SLE patients co-expressed Fas antigen and early to intermediate activation antigens such as CD25 and CD71, and late activation antigen HLA-DR in only FashiCD4+ naive T cells. Such up-regulation of Fas antigen expression in SLE patients seems to be clinically meaningful, because mean fluorescence intensity (MFI) of Fas antigen on CD4+ T cell subsets inversely correlates with the absolute size of CD4+ T cell subsets in peripheral blood of SLE patients. These results suggest that T cells with increased Fas antigen expression may be highly susceptible to apoptotic cell death, in vivo. A putative mechanism for lymphopenia in SLE patients is discussed.
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PMID:Up-regulated expression of Fas antigen (CD95) by peripheral naive and memory T cell subsets in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE): a possible mechanism for lymphopenia. 753 28

The molecular targets and biological properties of lymphocytotoxic sera in 11 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)+ subjects in CDC stages II to IVC were investigated. A purified soluble CEM membrane used as the CD4+ T cell clonotypic model in immunoblotting techniques revealed a homogeneous pattern of IgM-mediated reactivity to a 43.5-kDa membrane component in 10 sera. Conversely, CEM membrane-reactive IgG from these sera were weakly reactive to various antigens with no prevalent specificity. ELISA assay against purified 25.5-, 43.5-, and 60.8-kDa CEM membrane antigens revealed a significant affinity of IgM from sera 3, 8, 9, and 10 for the 43.5-kDa receptor, thus confirming the high specificity of these cytotoxic antibodies for their substrate. Additional experiments included the idiotypic saturation of purified IgM molecules with increasing amounts of the 43.5-kDa antigen. Functional inhibition of CEM-reactive IgM by their antigen was dose-dependent. The maximum inhibition of the ELISA reactivity was detected at 1/7 antigen/antibody concentration. By contrast, a significant decline of cytotoxic properties of sera 8, 9, and 10 to CEM lymphoblasts was noted only when equivalent concentrations of the 43.5-kDa receptor and purified IgM were incubated. In addition, the 43.5-kDa antigen appeared to be the preferential target of cytotoxic IgM in HIV-1 infection, since purified cytotoxic IgM from two SLE patients were not inhibited by this molecule. Our data provide specific molecular support for earlier evidence of exacerbation by T cell-reactive antibodies of the lymphopenia associated with HIV-1 infection.
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PMID:Molecular specificities of CD4+ T cell-reactive IgM in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV-1) infection. 790 30

Data on the clinical and laboratory profile of 39 male lupus patients has been analysed. An attempt has been made to (1) delineate the pattern of SLE in Indian males, (2) compare it with that reported in the world literature, (3) find out differences, if any, between male children and adults with the disease, and (4) compare it with our previously published data on Indian females with SLE. Several important points were brought out in this study. First, SLE in Indian males has an earlier age of disease onset, a higher incidence of mucocutaneous and renal involvement and a lower incidence of neuropsychiatric, gastrointestinal and hematological disease in comparison to those published from the developed countries. Second, leucopenia and lymphopenia, a reflection of disease severity, occur significantly more in male children compared with adults. Thrombocytopenia is exclusively noted in adult males and virtually non-existent in children. Third, male patients overall have a less severe form of the disease in comparison with their female counterpart, as was evident by significantly less patients with hypocomplementemia, diffuse proliferative lupus nephritis and psychosis. Finally, a higher frequency of infection, particularly tuberculosis, was seen in male patients, which was the cause of death in some.
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PMID:SLE in Indian men: analysis of the clinical and laboratory features with a review of the literature. 795 3


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