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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Peripheral blood T and B lymphocytes were quantitated in 42 patients with untreated Hodgkin's disease and the results compared with the response to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) stimulation and delayed hypersensitivity skin testing. T lymphocytes were identified by an in vitro cytotoxicity assay employing a specific anti-T-cell serum and by spontaneous rosette formation with sheep erythrocytes (E rosettes). The percentage of T cells in the patients was similar to that of normal subjects as judged by the cytotoxicity assay (65 to 90%). In addition, absolute T-lymphocyte counts were normal in 63% of the patients and were generally reduced only in those with lymphopenia. The percentage of T lymphocytes determined by the E-rosette assay was similar to that determined by the cytotoxicity assay in normal controls, but was significantly lower than that determined by the cytotoxicity assay in the patients. Moreover, the decreased response to PHA stimulation in the patients was directly correlated with the decrease in E-rosette formation. These findings suggest that T lymphocytes in the peripheral blood are not generally diminished in untreated Hodgkin's disease. However, a proportion of these cells exhibits altered surface interactions that may account for some aspects of their impaired immunologic function.
Cancer 1975 Jul
PMID:Quantitation of T and B lymphocytes and cellular immune function in Hodgkin's disease. 5 8

In a pilot study, the distribution of lymphocyte subpopulations in the peripheral blood and skin tests with recall antigens have been examined in 42 patients with gastrointestinal cancer before and during a perioperative parenteral hyperalimentation. Concerning the calories and the concentrations of amino acids and carbohydrates, two different solution regimens were applied. During parenteral nutrition with 2400 and 2200 kcal especially the absolute numbers of lymphocyte subpopulations increase reflecting the changes of total lymphocyte count. There was no marked difference between the 2 groups. Both solutions are qualified to balance the preoperative catabolic situation indicated by preoperative lymphopenia. This kind of parenteral nutrition did not influence the patient's cellular immunological status which was tested by 3 recall antigens. It must, however, be considered that the physical i.e. nutritional situation of the patients was not reduced to an extent where the immunological status was impaired. Our results suggest that in the perioperative period cancer patients should be supported by hypercaloric parenteral nutrition. On the other hand more sensitive immunological tests such as DNCB for skin testing and functional assays for in vitro tests are necessary to assess the effects of this kind of therapy.
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PMID:[The effect of parenteral nutrition on cellular immune status in patients with gastrointestinal cancer]. 11 May 58

Mitogen-induced blast transformation of peripheral blood lymphocytes and quantitative changes in circulating T- and B-cells were studied serially in cats inoculated with feline leukemia virus (FeLV). Concanavalin A-induced blast transformation sharply declined beginning at 5 weeks post inoculation (Pl) in FeLV-infected cats when compared to age-matched uninfected control cats. Similar but less consistent changes were seen in responses to pokeweed mitogen-induced stimulation. In most infected kittens this defect persisted until they died from thymic lymphosarcoma, 15-24 weeks Pl. An early lymphopenia, due primarily to a decrease in circulating B-cells, occurred in infected cats 5-8 weeks Pl. Following a return of total and B-lymphocytes to control values, infected cats developed increased numbers of T-cells at 16 or more weeks Pl, which correlated with circulating lymphoblastic lymphocytes bearing T-cell markers. These results correlated neoplasia arising in a thymus-derived lymphocyte population with mitogenic hyporeactivity in the preneoplastic period and suggested that FeLV-induced immune alterations may be a necessary antecedent of leukemogenesis in the cat.
J Natl Cancer Inst 1976 Nov
PMID:Lymphocyte mitogen reactivity and enumeration of circulating B- and T-cells during feline leukemia virus infection in the cat. 18 90

The natural resistance of adult specific-pathogen-free cats to feline leukemia virus (FeLV) was abrogated by treatment with various doses of a synthetic corticosteroid, methylprednisolone acetate (MPA), prior to either oral-nasal or i.p. inoculation of FeLV. Persistent viremia was induced in 82% (18 of 22) of MPA-treated cats versus 11% (1 of 9) of age-matched control cats. MPA-treated FeLV-inoculated cats developed prolonged lymphopenia (2 to 8 weeks postinoculation) and a delayed antibody response to the feline oncornavirus-associated cell membrane antigen. The distribution of FeLV group specific antigen in tissues of MPA-treated, FeLV-inoculated cats suggested that corticosteroids enhanced susceptibility to FeLV by impairing early viral containment in the reticuloendothelial and lymphoid tissues.
Cancer Res 1979 Sep
PMID:Influence of adrenal corticosteroids on the susceptibility of cats to feline leukemia virus infection. 22 25

The degree of long term lymphopenia induced by cranial irradiation is shown to be dependent upon the number of fractions into which the standard cranial dose of 2400 rads is divided. The mean lymphocyte count of patients three months after receiving this dose in five fractions was 1.84 X 10(9)/1; in twelve fractions it was 1.12 X 10(9)/1 and in twenty fractions it was 0.64 X 10(9)/1. An explanation for this finding is offered which is based upon marked radiosensitivity of certain lymphocytes and the pattern of recirculation and redistribution of these cells.
Cancer 1978 Jan
PMID:Analysis of treatment in childhood leukemia. IV. The critical association between dose fractionation and immunosuppression induced by cranial irradiation. 27 24

E rosette-forming (T) lymphocytes and surface immunoglobulin-bearing lymphocytes were estimated in 85 patients with malignant melanoma. The melanoma patient group had lower mean levels of T lymphocytes and higher mean levels of immunoglobulin-bearing (? B) lymphocytes than did normal subjects. The absolute and percentage depressions of T-cell levels in the melanoma patients were stage-related, as was the depression of total lymphocyte and B-lymphocyte levels. The T lymphopenia in the melanoma patients could, in vitro, be partially abolished by fetal calf serum (as used in many E rosetting methods), and could be totally abolished by thymosin fraction 5 (Hoffmann-La Roche) at optimum concentration. In view of the ability of thymosin to restore T cells to normal levels in all of the T-lymphopenic patients, a clinical trial of this hormone in selected melanoma patients of all stages appears to be warranted.
Cancer Treat Rep 1978 Nov
PMID:Thymosin-inducible lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of patients with malignant melanoma. 31 Mar 43

The author reports the results of studying 311 reactions of lymphocyte blasttransformation, 74 reactions of spontaneous rosette-formation and 186 reactions of plaque-formation in 184 patients with different stages of cervical cancer. It was found that in the tumor progression cell immunity indices are lowered and the degree of the lowering is dependent on the form of tumor growth. Radiotherapy results in the enhancement of autoantibody-formation processes and suppresses the response of lymphocytes to PHA found to be mostly pronounced in patients with advanced cancer. The blasttransformation reaction correlates well with the number of peripheral blood lymphocytes, and during radiotherapy the former slows down before the routinely revealed lymphopenia, that allows using this reaction to prognosticate lymphopenia. The most large amounts of plaque-forming blood cells were detected in patients with radiation injuries of the adjacent to the uterus organs of the small pelvis. Use of lymphocyte blasttrasformation reaction and quantitation of plaque-forming blood cells may provide the grounds for the individual application of radiotherapy for cervical cancer to increase its effectiveness.
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PMID:[Control of the immunological reactivity in cervical cancer in the process of radiation therapy]. 31 45

The number of T-lymphocytes in the peripheral blood of 51 patients with different type of solid malignancies, 33 normal controls and 10 patients with rheumatoid arthritis was determined using different variations of the sheep red blood cell (SRBC) rosetting-technique (test temperature of 4 or 29 degrees C, medium substituted with or without fetal calf serum [FCS], SRBC treated or untreated with neuraminidase). No significant differences between cancer patients and normal controls were observed in the percentages of T-lymphocytes with the 4 degrees C incubation under any of the conditions tested. In absolute counts, however, a significantly decreased number of T-cells was observed in cancer patients, most likely due to the observed significant lymphopenia in this group. When the test temperature was raised to 29 degrees C, a significantly lower rosette formation was obtained in both percentages and absolute counts of peripheral T-cells in the group of cancer patients as compared to normal individuals only when both neuraminidase treated SRBC and FCS substituted medium were used. The question of whether the observed differences in the percentages and absolute counts of peripheral T-lymphocytes between cancer patients and normal controls using this rosette assay are due to a loss of a T-cell subpopulation or to an alteration in the metabolic state of T-cells in cancer patients remains open.
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PMID:The comparison of different rosette assay systems for the determination of T-lymphocytes in patients with solid malignant tumors. 31 55

Immunity tests were conducted in 21 patients with cancer, before and two months after irradiation. T and B lymphocyte counts were normal before irradiation when compared to a control group. Lymphopenia was present after irradiation affecting mainly the T lymphocytes (P = 0.005), whereas changes in B lymphocytes were not significant. These results suggest that irradiation has an immunosuppressive effect which should be studied in greater detail to establish possible therapeutic applications.
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PMID:[Lymphopenia and variations in T and B lymphocytes appearing immediately after irradiation (author's transl)]. 31 24

The clinical and pathological findings in 46 patients with cryptococcosis at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center from 1956 to 1972 are reported. The striking predilection for cryptococcal infection in patients with leukemias and lymphomas is again confirmed. Of 41 patients with neoplastic disease, those with chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), Hodgkin's Disease, chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML), myeloma and lymphosarcoma had the highest incidence of cryptococcosis. In all cases, neoplastic disease was widespread when infection occurred. All of these patients had leukopenia and absolute lymphopenia at the time of infection. Thirty-nine were on steroids. Thirty-one patients with neoplastic disease had disseminated infection. Review of pathology revealed a spectrum of inflammatory lesions. Histiocytic-lymphocytic infiltrates occurred in the central nervous system in 10 patients. In six cases, reaction was granulomatous. There were single instances of suppurative and fibrotic reactions. Mortality from infection was high in patients with neoplastic disease. Twenty-four of 28 deaths occurred within 60 days as a result of infection. Within one year, 10 more patients died, nine of cryptococcosis. Only three survived more than one year, and all patients died within 600 days. Twenty-nine patients with neoplastic disease received amphotericin B. Only nine survived more than 60 days.
Cancer 1977 May
PMID:Cryptococcosis in a cancer hospital: clinical and pathological correlates in forty-six patients. 32 54


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