Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Of cases of hyperadrenocorticism in small animals 80-85% are the result of adrenocortical hyperplasia. Middle-aged or older Poodles, Dachshunds, Boston Terriers and Boxers are most commonly affected, and cats rarely. Clinical signs include polydipsia, polyuria, alopecia, abdominal distension, lethargy, weakness, hepatomegaly, calcinosis cutis, testicular atrophy and anestrus. Hematologic and biochemical changes may include neutrophilia, lymphopenia, monocytosis, eosinopenia, increased blood levels of alkaline phosphatase, SGPT, cholesterol, Na and glucose, and decreased K and T4 levels. The high-dosage dexamethasone suppression test helps differentiate pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism from that caused by adrenal tumors. The low-dosage dexamethasone suppression test, determination of plasma ACTH levels, and ACTH response test are additional diagnostic aids in the diagnosis of Cushing's disease. Medical treatment involves oral use of mitotane (o,p'-DDD) at 50 mg/kg/day for 7 days and prednisone or prednisolone at 0.05 mg/kg/day. Hypophysectomy has been used with only 5% mortality in cases of pituitary-dependent hyperadrenocorticism. Adrenalectomy is indicated in cases of adrenal neoplasia.
 ...
PMID:Diseases of the adrenal cortex of dogs and cats. 633 May 21

A 22-year-old male with juvenile dermatomyositis presented with fever up to 40 degrees C and acute pain in his right thigh accompanied by muscle weakness, a skin rash and a tender swelling. Serum aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and aldolase were mildly elevated. C-reactive protein (CRP) and fibrinogen were markedly increased. The differential white blood cell count revealed relative lymphopenia. Radiography showed diffuse calcifications particularly around the thighs and knees of both legs. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrated inflammatory infiltrates in the right thigh. The lesions were identified as phlegmone by immunoszintigraphy with 99mTc-labelled antigranulocyte antibodies. On the 10th day of treatment Staphylococcus aureus was cultured from blood. Patients with juvenile dermatomyositis and calcinosis may develop bacterial infections of soft tissue which sometimes mimic a disease flare. For differential diagnosis plain radiographs, CT scans and MRI are of limited value. Immunoszintigraphy is able to differentiate between infiltrates caused by granulocytes and lymphocytes.
 ...
PMID:[Juvenile dermatomyositis--acute recidivism or sepsis?]. 1041

Infections result in increased mortality rates in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis, leading to death in 9 to 30% of cases. The following parameters can be considered of predictive value for infection onset in polymyositis/dermatomyositis: age, lymphopenia, esophageal dysfunction, ventilatory insufficiency, interstitial lung disease, calcinosis cutis, as well as higher mean daily doses of steroids. A great variety of microorganisms may be responsible for pyogenic and opportunistic infections in polymyositis/dermatomyositis. Opportunistic infections are more often due to mycobacteria and fungi (Pneumocystis jiroveci, Candidasp.). Because a great variety of microorganisms may be responsible for opportunistic infections, it seems difficult to initiate primary prophylaxis in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis who exhibit risk factors for opportunistic infections. Primary prophylaxis of Pneumocystis jirovecipneumonia should be given in the group of patients exhibiting CD4-cell count lower than 250/mm(3). Vaccination should be performed in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis, prior to immunosuppressive therapy institution.
 ...
PMID:[Infections in polymyositis and in dermatomyositis]. 1908 69