Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The efficacy and outcome of bone marrow transplantation therapy following lethal irradiation were examined in syngeneic mice that had a hereditary macrocytic anemia (an/an) or were genotypically normal (+/+). Successful RBC and WBC replacement, based on blood cell parameters and donor genetic markers, were observed in all combinations of transplant therapy. Nevertheless, the an/an mice died prematurely several months after treatment, whether they received +/+ or an/an marrow cells. In contrast, the +/+ recipients of either +/+ or an/an marrow cells survived for at least 1 year after transplantation. Premature death of the an/an mice was associated with lymphopenia, anemia, kidney lesions, and severe pathogen-free pneumonitis. On the basis of our results, we hypothesize that the premature deaths of an/an mice are caused by a kind of chronic irradiation damage to which an/an mice are especially susceptible.
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PMID:Deleterious effects of irradiation and bone marrow transplantation therapy in the genetically anemic an/an mouse. 264 75

The incidence of anemia increases as humans age, but in healthy aging individuals followed longitudinally, significant anemia does not develop in the absence of disease. Mild lymphopenia, as well as abnormal platelet function tests and increased coagulability when measured in vitro, also tend to develop in aging individuals. Hematologic neoplasia in the elderly behaves very similarly to the way it does in young individuals, but elderly individuals with hematologic neoplasms have a poor response to therapy.
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PMID:True anemia: incidence and significance in the elderly. 266 67

Forty-two adults (22 males, 20 females) with tropical splenomegaly syndrome (TSS) were studied. Majority (88.1%) presented with complaints related to grossly enlarged spleen (greater than 10 cm). The duration of splenomegaly was 1 to 5 years in 54.8%. In 80.9% there was anaemia (Hb less than 10 g%). None of the patients had a macrocytic blood picture. Evidence of portal hypertension was observed in 56.7% and almost a similar number (58.1%) had raised intrasplenic pressure. The liver histology was entirely normal in only 8.8%. T-cell lymphopenia with B-cell lymphocytosis was a prominent feature. IgM values were raised in 73.8% and malarial antibody titres in 91.7% patients. Sixty-nine per cent of cases showed a distinct clinical and biochemical improvement after chloroquine chemoprophylaxis. Though a malarial origin in the development of TSS is favoured its precise aetiology is as yet speculative.
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PMID:A study on tropical splenomegaly syndrome and chloroquine prophylaxis. 269 86

The medical records of 59 dogs with renal amyloidosis were reviewed. Most dogs with amyloidosis were greater than 6 years old, and females were affected more often than males. Beagles, Collies, and Walker Hounds were at increased risk, whereas German Shepherd Dogs and mixed-breed dogs were at decreased risk. Common historical findings were anorexia, polyuria, polydipsia, lethargy, vomiting, and weight loss. Common laboratory findings were leukocytosis, lymphopenia, nonregenerative anemia, hypercholesterolemia, azotemia, hyperphosphatemia, metabolic acidosis, isosthenuria, cylindruria, and proteinuria. Proteinuria was moderate to severe in most dogs, as assessed by qualitative determination of urine protein concentration, urine protein/urine creatinine ratio, and 24-hour urine protein excretion. Conservative medical management was of little value, and survival ranged from 3 to 20 months in 12 dogs for which this information was available. Moderate to severe diffuse global glomerular amyloidosis was detected in all dogs. Medullary amyloid deposition was multifocal and less severe, but was evident in most dogs. Secondary tubulointerstitial and glomerular lesions were mild or absent in most dogs. Thromboembolism was identified in approximately 14% of affected dogs, underlying inflammatory disease in 37%, and neoplasia in 20%. Laboratory indicators of renal function correlated poorly with histologic lesions, with the exception of glomerular amyloid deposition and "chronic renal disease" index with endogenous creatinine clearance.
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PMID:Clinicopathologic findings in dogs with renal amyloidosis: 59 cases (1976-1986). 276 63

A total of 122 patients with subacute infectious endocarditis (SIE) were examined. Of these, 33 patients demonstrated an extremely severe disease course. In spite of adequate antibacterial treatment, the lethal outcome ensued within the first 2-2.5 years of the disease. A rapidly progressing variant of SIE was characterized by persistent fever, predominance of aortal heart diseases, renal injuries with an early development of renal failure, hemorrhagic vasculitis, relapsing thromboembolism, refractory heart failure, persistent anemia, lymphopenia, and by the presence of large movable vegetations discovered on echocardiography.
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PMID:[A rapidly progressing variant of subacute infectious endocarditis]. 278 75

The current rate of progression of persistent generalized lymphadenopathy to acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) was tested in a cohort of 105 homosexual men in London, UK. 5 patients were lost to follow-up, and the remaining 100 were seen every 3 months. All tested positive for the human immunodeficiency virus antibody. Previous clinical observations had shown oral candida; anemia; leucopenia; thrombocytopenia; enthrocyte sedimentation rate 15 mm in the 1st hour to be possible predictors of AIDS. 5 of the 13 patients who developed AIDS during a mean follow-up period of 22 months (range 12-32) developed Pneumocystis carinii; 5 Karposi's sarcoma; 1 both; 1 P carinii and cryptosporidiosis; and 1 cryptococcal meningitis. A life table technic calculation showed that over 3 years the probability of patients with persistent generalized lymphadenopathy progressing to AIDS was 20.9%. Of the clinical features examined, those most likely to indicate progression to AIDS were Oral candida (relative risk (RR)=12); Lymphopenia (RR=7); Erythrocyte sedimentation rate 15mm (RR=7); and anemia (RR=6). There were figures for median time before AIDS onset and the range of variation of these median times for these symptoms, e.g. oral candida, 8 months median; range of 1-24 months. Similar prospective studies performed in the US are reviewed. It is determined that a clinical examination and hematological measurements are useful in determining progression risk.
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PMID:From persistent generalised lymphadenopathy to AIDS: who will progress? 310 80

Thirty hospitalized patients with newly diagnosed tuberculosis were studied prospectively with a range of in vitro and in vivo tests of immune function. Responses were compared with those of healthy controls matched for age, sex, ethnic group and diet. A series of metabolic and immunologic abnormalities was found, including evidence of undernutrition, anaemia, neutrophil leucocytosis, monocytosis, lymphopenia, hyperglobulinaemia and raised erythrocyte sedimentation rate. Some patients had accelerated, others diminished, cutaneous tuberculin hypersensitivity, and some had diminished mononuclear cell proliferative and lymphokine responses to tuberculin (purified protein derivative, PPD). The patients were not uniform in their responsiveness, but could be arranged within a spectrum which showed a relationship to crude bacillary excretion and response to treatment. 27% of patients were characterized by hypersensitivity, with normal in vitro cellular responses and skin tests to PPD, scanty bacillary excretion and rapid bacteriologic sputum conversion to negative cultures with treatment. In contrast, 30% of patients were relatively anergic with negative skin tests, reduced or absent in vitro cellular reactivity to PPD, moderate or heavy bacillary excretion and later (greater than 4 weeks) bacteriologic sputum conversion. The remainder of the patients fell between these two groups. There were no correlations between cellular immunity on the one hand, and radiological extent of disease, levels of serum immunoglobulins, peripheral white cell counts or ESR on the other. In those patients followed throughout treatment, all the abnormalities with the exceptions of arm muscle circumference and serum albumin, reverted to the normal ranges established in the control group.
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PMID:Immune status in tuberculosis and response to treatment. 318 36

HIV infection in pediatric patients is a multisystem chronic disease that manifests as a clinical spectrum from asymptomatic infection through symptomatic infection with opportunistic infections and malignancies. The hematopoietic system is involved early in the systemic manifestations of this disease. The hematologic abnormalities seen are most probably a reflection of persistent viral infection, inflammation, and immune dysregulation, and may be complicated by secondary infections, chronic disease, drug toxicities, and nutritional deficiencies. Anemia and lymphopenia are commonly found in adult AIDS patients. Although both are also seen in pediatric patients, lymphopenia is much less common. Atypical lymphocytes with plasmacytoid characteristics have been identified in both adults and children. Pediatric bone marrow evaluation has shown an increase in plasma cells and plasmacytoid lymphocytes. Besides these findings, adult marrow findings include an increase in reticulum and lymphocytes appearing in a diffuse or aggregate pattern.
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PMID:Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in children. 332 80

Bacillus piliformis infection (Tyzzer's disease) was diagnosed in a 7-year-old spayed dog that had icterus, hepatosplenomegaly, and polyuria. Hematology revealed regenerative anemia, leukocytosis, lymphopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Serum chemical analyses indicated hypocalcemia, high alkaline phosphatase activity, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperglobulinemia. At necropsy, the liver was stippled with gray-white focal lesions. Microscopically, the liver lesions were necrotic and inflammatory. Warthin-Starry-stained sections revealed rod-shaped bacteria in crisscrossing patterns characteristic of B piliformis. This dog was considerably older than dogs previously reported to have Tyzzer's disease and had a concurrent systemic hyphomycosis, suggesting it had been immunocompromised.
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PMID:Bacillus piliformis infection in an adult dog. 335 97

Despite the recognition of Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection as a common complication of AIDS, the specific clinical features, significance, and need for treatment have been difficult to assess. We reviewed the clinical records and autopsy material of 68 patients dying with AIDS, 32 (47 percent) of whom had MAC isolated from autopsy tissue. All had postmortem evidence of systemic infection. Eleven (34 percent) had MAC isolated from lung tissue. Little, if any, local tissue inflammation and destruction were associated with MAC infection. Patients with autopsy evidence of MAC infection had a longer time interval from diagnosis of AIDS to death. The infection was detected antemortem in 14 (44 percent), blood culture being the most sensitive means (86 percent yield). Although recurrent fever was noted among both MAC infected and uninfected patients, weight loss greater than 20 lb, weakness, anorexia, abdominal pain, and diarrhea were more frequent among infected patients. Severe anemia, thrombocytopenia, lymphopenia, and reduced mean CD-4 percentages and CD-4/CD-8 ratios were associated with MAC infection. Of eight patients who had MAC cultured antemortem and received multidrug antituberculosis therapy, none responded clinically, and all but one had MAC isolated at autopsy. Because MAC is associated with significant discomfort and disability, development of more effective treatment regimens could be beneficial for some affected AIDS patients.
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PMID:Mycobacterium avium complex infection in patients with the acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. A clinicopathologic study. 335 47


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