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Query: UMLS:C0024312 (lymphopenia)
 4,859 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The immune function was assessed in 22 children, adolescents and young adults with asymptomatic hemophilia, and 15 with thalassemia, in Israel. Five patients with hemophilia and two with thalassemia were found to be severely abnormal, having cutaneous anergy, very low T-helper cells, elevated T-suppressor cells, inverted T-helper/suppressor ratio, reduced response to mitogens and antigens, and nonfunctional NK cells. Four of the five hemophilia patients exhibited profound lymphopenia also. Decreased T-helper and mildly elevated T-suppressor cells with inverted T4/T8 ratio were observed in the hemophiliacs as a group. In the severe group, the reduction in T-helpers and T4/T8 ratio was more pronounced. The thalassemics as a group were found to have increased numbers of T-suppressor cells with decreased T-helper cells in those with intact spleen only. Both groups studied were found to have elevated IgG levels and low natural killer (NK) activity and normal response to mitogens. Cutaneous anergy was found to be a reliable indication for severe T-cell dysfunction and may serve as an early indication of impending AIDS. These results indicate that patients with hemophilia and with heavily hypertransfused thalassemia may be at increased risk of AIDS as they approach adolescence.
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PMID:Impaired immune regulation in children and adolescents with hemophilia and thalassemia in Israel. 624 95

A previously healthy patient with classic hemophilia who was on a home infusion program with factor VIII concentrates developed an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome manifested by a dramatic weight loss (47 kg over 12 months), lassitude, transient thrombocytopenia, and opportunistic infections with Varicella zoster, Pneumocystis carinii, and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. The patient was not homosexual and had no history of intravenous drug abuse. Immunologic studies showed a persistent lymphopenia with reversal of helper/suppressor-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte ratios, depression of human natural killer cell function, and in-vitro lymphocyte proliferative responses to mitogens and viral antigens. Serum IgA levels were also elevated. Serum antibodies against cytomegalovirus, herpes simplex viruses 1 and 2, Epstein-Barr virus, Varicella zoster, and hepatitis B virus were shown, suggesting previous infection by these agents. Reactivation of cytomegalovirus infection was suggested by a rising titer of antibodies against cytomegalovirus concurrent with pneumocystis pneumonia, and was confirmed by the growth of this virus in a throat culture 2 months later.
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PMID:Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome with Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare infection in a previously healthy patient with classic hemophilia. Clinical, immunologic, and virologic findings. 629 53

An infant who received multiple blood transfusions in the neonatal intensive care unit developed a transfusion-associated CMV infection at age 11 weeks and thereafter was noted to have hepatosplenomegaly, mitogen hyporesponsiveness, persistent viruria, an abnormal distribution of T-lymphocyte subpopulations, and poor growth. He has had recurrent opportunistic infections, including Pneumocystis carinii pneumonia. Six donors of blood products received by this infant were investigated; one was found to have chronic lymphadenopathy, weight loss, intermittent diarrhea, lymphopenia, and a profound depression of lymphocytes with a helper/inducer surface phenotype (T4 positive). Family members have an abnormal distribution of T cell subpopulations similar to those reported in asymptomatic homosexuals. The course of disease in our patient suggests that acquired immune deficiency syndrome may be transmitted to young infants via blood products.
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PMID:Transfusion-associated cytomegalovirus infection and acquired immune deficiency syndrome in an infant. 631 5

A patient with the acquired immune deficiency syndrome experienced pancytopenia during the course of his illness. At the time of maximum depression of the blood cell counts, the hematocrit value was 21%; the WBC count, 1,000/cu mm; and the platelet count, 27,000/cu mm. Lymphopenia was persistent but the number of juvenile neutrophilis was not diminished. Peripheral blood smears were noteworthy for the presence of atypical monocytes with phagocytic vacuoles. Histiocytic hemophagocytophagia was prominent in bone marrow aspirate specimens. Bone marrow biopsy specimens were usually hypocellular and contained collections of atypical lymphocytes and increased reticulin. These hematologic abnormalities are most likely the consequence of persistent viral infection in an immunocompromised host.
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PMID:Acquired immune deficiency syndrome and pancytopenia. 631 79

Twenty-five cases of acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) complicated by opportunistic infections were diagnosed at Lenox Hill Hospital during an 18 month period and followed for at least 1 year or until the patients' deaths. Twenty-three patients were homosexual men, including 1 i.v. drug user, and 2 were heterosexual i.v. drug users, including the sole woman. Seventy infections were diagnosed. The commonest etiologic agents included Candida albicans, Pneumocystis carinii, cytomegalovirus, and Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare. Less frequent pathogens included Cryptococcus neoformans, Toxoplasma gondii, Cryptosporidium, JC virus, Mycobacterium xenopi, and Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Seven men also had Kaposi's sarcoma. Prodromal symptoms lasted up to 8 months before the diagnosis of AIDS. Immunologic and serologic evaluation demonstrated lymphopenia, polyclonal hypergammaglobulinemia, cutaneous anergy, reversal of the T-cell helper/suppressor ratio, and serologic evidence of previous exposure to CMV, EBV, and HBV. Pneumocystis pneumonia was diagnosed during life in 17 patients, by transbronchial biopsy and bronchoscopic washings, and all 17 cases were successfully treated. However, pneumocystis was more refractory to treatment than previously described and required an average of 29 days of antimicrobial therapy. Disseminated infections with atypical mycobacteria and cytomegalovirus were the leading causes of death. Bone marrow aspirates and biopsies often revealed a cellular abnormality (82%) but only occasionally yielded an infectious diagnosis (32%). However, bone marrow examinations were the major means of detecting atypical mycobacteriosis. Colonoscopic biopsies were most useful for establishing the presence of cytomegalovirus colitis. Transbronchial biopsies and bronchial washings gave a high yield of opportunistic pathogens including 34 infectious diagnoses confirmed by 31 procedures. Multiple site biopsies and close communication between the clinician and the pathologist were needed for early diagnosis of opportunistic infections. Twenty-two patients (88%) died, and the few survivors remain debilitated.
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PMID:Opportunistic infection complicating acquired immune deficiency syndrome. Clinical features of 25 cases. 632 49

A syndrome of acquired immunodeficiency has been identified in a group of rhesus monkeys (Macaca mulatta) which died at the California Primate Research Center. Clinical evaluation of these animals revealed that 50% or more had lymphadenopathy, weight loss, and diarrhea. At least 30% had splenomegaly, fever, cutaneous abscesses and/or arthritis/myositis. Two animals had fibrosarcomas. Anemia was seen in 19 animals, lymphopenia in 14, granulocytopenia in four and thrombocytopenia in three. Hepatitis was diagnosed histopathologically in 13. Electrophoresis revealed hypoproteinemia, hypoalbuminemia and hypogammaglobulinemia. Numerous bacterial, protozoal, and viral agents were identified including cytomegalovirus and leukocyte-associated herpesvirus. Pathologic lesions included severe post-reactive depletion of lymphocytes in germinal centers and paracortical regions of lymph nodes. Clinical and pathologic changes indicate an acquired immunodeficiency syndrome which has some similarities to AIDS in humans. This disease in monkeys may provide a model for studying that disease.
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PMID:Clinical features of simian acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (SAIDS) in rhesus monkeys. 632 13

In the temperate climate countries, AIDS is defined as the occurrence of opportunistic infections and/or Kaposi's sarcoma in adults, mostly homosexuals. It can be preceded by a related state of asthenia, loss of weight, adenopathies, diarrhoea, but which is far from always developing into AIDS. The immune syndrome is specified by cutaneous anergy , lymphopenia with an elective decrease of OKT4. The etiology is not known and, if one often refers to retro-viruses (specific disease), the role of multiple and repeated infections ( plurifactorial syndrome) can not be discarded. Cases of AIDS exist in Haiti and possibly in Equatorial Africa, the latter may be different from the occidental cases. The planning for a survey in Africa is suggested.
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PMID:[Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in the adult. Its value in tropical medicine]. 633 Apr 92

A mail survey sent to 25 hemophilia centers in France enquiring on the occurrence of AIDS or AIDS-related disorders was done in May 1983. Of 2 388 hemophiliacs representing approximately 60% of the total expected population, no case of AIDS was found. Four patients had lymphodenopathies. A relatively high frequency of lymphopenia (8%) and hyper gammaglobulinemia (21%) was found. Only 37 patients were tested for T-lymphocyte populations, 14 of whom had a T4/T8 ratio below 1. A state funded multicenter prospective study has been designed in order to evaluate the relationship between the type (domestic or imported factor VIII or IX concentrate), the dose of blood product and various clinical, immunological and virological parameters related to AIDS. Approximately 400 hemophiliacs will enter the study together with a small population of patients with thalassemia receiving packed red cells.
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PMID:[AIDS, related syndromes and hemophilia: the situation in France and studies in progress]. 633 48

Lymphocytotoxic antibodies (LCT) directed against B and T cells were detected in 3 patients with AIDS, 7 patients with chronic lymphadenopathy syndrome and 13 of 17 symptom-free homosexuals. Five of these patients also had circulating cold agglutinins. Neutralization experiments have shown that LCT belonged to the IgM class. Elevated serum IgM was found in 15 of 23 (65%) patients with LCT, but in only one out of 4 patients (25%) who did not have LCT. No correlation of LCT to the risk factors or lymphopenia was observed. It may be concluded that many patients with AIDS and ARC synthesize complement dependent antilymphocyte antibodies which are cytotoxic to B and T cells.
AIDS Res
PMID:Lymphocytotoxic antibodies against peripheral blood B and T lymphocytes in homosexuals with AIDS and ARC. 633 66

A 25-year-old man with hemophilia who had been treated primarily with cryoprecipitate presented with epigastric pain and loose, melenic stools. He had a long history of malaise and intermittent upper respiratory tract infection with fever. The patient was shown to have disseminated histoplasmosis and refractory herpes simplex. Immunologic studies demonstrated a markedly decreased ratio of helper to suppressor T cells, lymphopenia, cutaneous anergy and a slightly elevated serum IgA level. These findings met the criteria for the diagnosis of acquired immune deficiency syndrome. In addition, antibodies to human T-cell leukemia virus were detectable in the serum.
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PMID:AIDS in a patient with hemophilia receiving mainly cryoprecipitate. 642 32


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