Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin (PCNA/cyclin) in skin tissue specimens and cultured keratinocytes was studied using a monospecific antibody, obtained from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus, and a monoclonal antibody. Indirect immunofluorescent staining revealed that cultured keratinocytes obtained from human foreskins expressed PCNA/cyclin as variable nuclear patterns in 15-30% of the cells. In normal human skin tissue specimens, PCNA/cyclin was demonstrated in only a few basal cells. Interestingly, PCNA/cyclin was expressed strongly in almost all the cells of the lowest layer of the epidermis adjacent to squamous cell carcinomas, whereas the tumor aggregates themselves had no positive staining. In contrast, no such characteristic staining was demonstrated in specimens of basal cell carcinoma. The staining pattern of PCNA/cyclin was different from that of Ki-67 in the skin tissue specimens. Our results suggest that PCNA/cyclin could be a useful marker of cell proliferation.
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PMID:Immunohistochemical localization of proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin in human skin. 135 13

Proliferating-cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also known as cyclin, is synthesized in proliferative cells and recently was identified as DNA polymerase-delta auxiliary protein. In this paper, the association of PCNA to the proliferative cells of plants was analysed using both autoantibodies to PCNA obtained from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and murine monoclonal antibodies. By immunohistochemical analysis, nuclei of cells around the growing point in soybean root tips reacted strongly with autoantibodies to PCNA in the serum from a patient with SLE. The plant PCNA in root tip cells was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation, DEAE chromatography, and affinity chromatography. The partially purified plant PCNA was tested by immunoblotting and a 34 kD polypeptide reacted with both the human anti-PCNA autoantibody and a mouse monoclonal antibody against human PCNA (TOB 7). In addition, the purified plant PCNA reacted with both antibodies in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The binding of anti-PCNA serum to the animal PCNA was blocked by the plant PCNA in this ELISA. The association of PCNA with growing cells in plants was further confirmed by quantitative sandwich type ELISA using two murine monoclonal antibodies to PCNA, TOB7 and TO17. Those results suggested that PCNA in both plant and animal cells had the same immunological and biochemical characteristics and the plant PCNA might play an important role in cell growth, existing as it does in proliferating plant cells. The concentration of PCNA in soybean germ extract before germination was less than 5 ng ml-1 (protein concentration, 6.8 mg ml-1), but that of the root tip stem including the growing point increased to 887 ng ml-1 (protein concentration 3.8 mg ml-1) in the second day after germination.
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PMID:Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin) in plant proliferating cells: immunohistochemical and quantitative analysis using autoantibody and murine monoclonal antibodies to PCNA. 135 40

Bivariate flow cytometric analysis of the cell proliferation-associated nuclear protein, identified as the "proliferating cell nuclear antigen" (PCNA)/cyclin and of nuclear DNA content, was performed in quiescent and mitogen-stimulated human peripheral blood lymphocytes, in EUE (human embryonic epithelium) cells, before and after a long-term exposure to a hypertonic (HT) medium, in 4 human leukemic cell lines and in fresh bone marrow (BM) cells from 10 patients with untreated acute non-lymphoblastic leukemia (ANLL). The PCNA/cyclin was detected using both an autoantibody extracted from sera of systemic lupus erythematosus patients and the recently produced mouse monoclonal antibody (MoAb) IgG, named 19F4. The distribution of cells in the different phases of the cycle and the percentage of S-phase cells were obtained in duplicate samples, by DNA flow cytometry (FCM) and by dual parameter FCM of DNA content and bromodeoxyuridine (BUDR) incorporation. In all cell types, the non-specific cytoplasmic background fluorescence was significantly lower with the MoAb compared to that obtained with the polyclonal Ab. The percentage of PCNA-positive cells (both with the autoantibody and the 19F4 MoAb) was always higher than that of S-phase cells by DNA FCM and of BUDR-labeled cells. The pattern of PCNA-expression in both normal proliferating cells and acute leukemia cells, showed that most G0/G1 cells did not express significant amounts of PCNA; an increase in PCNA immunofluorescence was found in late G1 cells, and further increases were observed in S- and G2-M phase cells. PCNA/cyclin, as revealed both with autoantibodies and with the 19F4 MoAb, is associated with all actively or potentially dividing (i.e. G1, S and G2-M) cells thus identifying the proliferative cellular compartment. Combined with the use of multiparameter FCM techniques, the PCNA immunolocalization offers a useful tool to study cell kinetics in normal and leukemic human cell populations.
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PMID:Proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin expression during the cell cycle in normal and leukemic cells. 168 76

Hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody to proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA/cyclin) (TOB7, IgG1 kappa) was newly established. Using TOB7, PCNA was detected in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Forty-four of 58 patients with SLE had PBMC expressing PCNA. The percentage of PCNA-positive PBMC in patients with SLE was 0-20% (mean: 2.63%) which was significantly higher (P less than 0.01) compared with normal controls (mean: 0.18%), patients with rheumatoid arthritis (mean: 0.83%), and patients with mixed connective tissue disease (mean: 0.38%). Patients with high numbers of PCNA positive PBMC tended to complicate pulmonary disorders (P less than 0.005), especially pulmonary fibrosis (P less than 0.005). In addition, the percentage of PCNA-positive cells in SLE patients correlated with the disease activity (r = 0.45, P less than 0.01). The lymphocyte subsets of PCNA-positive PBMC were examined, and most of those cells belonged to CD4- or CD8-positive T-cell populations in three lupus patients. Our findings indicate that PCNA-positive activated PBMC are present in SLE patients and the percentage of PCNA-positive PBMC may be used as an indicator of disease activity.
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PMID:Activated peripheral blood mononuclear cells detected by murine monoclonal antibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen in active lupus patients. 196 5

Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin in cultured human keratinocytes was studied using an antibody from an SLE patient as the reagent. By indirect immunofluorescence staining, SV40-transformed human keratinocytes expressed PCNA/cyclin in 40-45% of the cells as a nulcear granular fluorescence. After synchronization of these cells, their nuclear distribution pattern during the S phase was sequential and showed a clear correlation with DNA synthesis. Primary cultured keratinocytes grown in high Ca+ medium expressed PCNA/cyclin in 10-15% of the cells with a similar staining pattern. These positively stained cells were confined to the basal and immediate suprabasal layers of the stratified culture sheet. The keratinocytes disaggregated by trypsin were separated according to cell size through a screen of Nitex monofilament cloth. The cells smaller than 15 microns in diameter synthesized abundant PCNA/cyclin, while the larger cells expressed very low levels. These results indicate that the expression of PCNA/cyclin correlates with DNA synthesis in cultured keratinocytes, but is not associated with their differentiation process.
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PMID:Proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin in cultured human keratinocytes. 198 May

The immune epitopes of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also called cyclin, were analyzed by determining the reactivity between PCNA peptide fragments and anti-PCNA antibodies from lupus patients, murine monoclonal antibody (19A2), and rabbit anti-NH2-terminal peptide antibody. Limited digestion of PCNA/cyclin with Staphylococcus aureus V8 protease resulted in several peptide fragments. Five fragments of 30, 20, 15, 14, and 13 kDa were reactive with rabbit anti-NH2-terminal peptide antibody denoting that they contained the NH2-terminal peptide. The 30- and 20-kDa fragments reacted with 19A2 but the others did not. Lupus sera reacted with 17- and 15-kDa peptide fragments allowing their classification into three groups. Two of eight sera (type A) reacted only with the 17-kDa fragment. Two others (type B) reacted with both the 17- and 15-kDa fragments and the remaining four sera (type C) reacted only with the 15-kDa fragment. The sera reacting with the 15-kDa fragment also reacted with the 20-kDa fragment, but the sera reactive only with the 17-kDa fragment did not, indicating that the 17-kDa fragment was not a degradation product of 20-kDa fragments. The 19A2 epitope resided in the region between 15 and 20 kDa from the NH2 terminus, whereas there was at least one distinct epitope on each 15- and 17-kDa peptide, which were recognized by lupus autoantibodies.
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PMID:Epitopes on proliferating cell nuclear antigen recognized by human lupus autoantibody and murine monoclonal antibody. 244 46

The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also called cyclin, in human keratinocytes was examined by using the serum obtained from a SLE patient and a murine monoclonal antibody against PCNA/cyclin. In the normal epidermis, few of the nuclei were labeled with anti-PCNA/cyclin. This was in contrast to the positive nuclear staining seen in active lesions of psoriasis. In a primary culture of human keratinocytes growing as a monolayer, 20%-30% of cells expressed PCNA/cyclin. SV40-transformed human keratinocytes showed positive nuclear staining in about 40% of the cell population. In stratified keratinocytes cultured in a high Ca++ medium, PCNA/cyclin expression was decreased and only the cells in the basal and suprabasal layers showed positive staining. These results indicate that the expression of PCNA/cyclin correlates with the proliferating state in human keratinocytes and may not be associated with the mechanism of differentiation in keratinocytes.
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PMID:Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen/cyclin in human keratinocytes. 257 44

PCNA, also known a cyclin, a protein of molecular weight (MW) 35 000, accumulates in the nuclei of dividing and transformed cells and reacts with autoantibodies from certain lupus patients. Using an indirect immunofluorescence technique, we show that lupus sera containing anti-PCNA antibodies reveal a heterogeneous nuclear fluorescence pattern upon reaction with asynchronous HeLa cells, whereas with synchronized cells a sequence of distinct patterns is disclosed on progression through the cell cycle. Cell-free translation of HeLa cell mRNA followed by immunoprecipitation with anti-PCNA sera shows a single protein with the same apparent MW as PCNA labelled in vivo, suggesting that PCNA is not derived from a larger precursor protein and not grossly modified by post-translational events. However, a group of at least nine nuclear polypeptides ranging in MW from about 12 000 to 110 000 are recognized by immunoblotting with anti-PCNA sera, indicating either that additional antigenic sites are produced on denaturation of native proteins or that additional autoantibodies are present in these sera. We also show that PCNA and several of these polypeptides are associated with nuclear structures containing chromatin.
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PMID:Immunochemical and biochemical analysis of the proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in HeLa cells. 286 66

The expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA), also called cyclin, was quantified in the cell lines SP2/0 and MOLT-4 and in mouse splenocytes induced to proliferate in vitro with mitogens. Autoantibody from a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus was used to label PCNA in cell suspensions after the cells had been fixed and permeabilized. In the same cells DNA was stained by propidium iodide. The cells were then analysed by flow cytometry for PCNA and DNA content. The PCNA profiles in proliferating spleen cells and the cell lines were similar. Most G0-G1 cells did not express significant amount of PCNA. A dramatic increase in PCNA immunofluorescence was observed in late G1 cells, and further increases were observed in S-phase cells. G2-M cells showed a reduced level of PCNA immunofluorescence relative to S-phase cells but were still elevated relative to G0-G1 cells. Proliferating cells arrested at the G1-S boundary by exposure to cytosine arabinoside showed an increased PCNA immunofluorescence as compared to unstimulated cells.
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PMID:Expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA)/cyclin during the cell cycle. 287 92

Two hybridomas producing monoclonal antibodies to proliferating cell nuclear antigen. (PNCA)/cyclin were generated from spleen cells of BALB/c mice immunized with purified PCNA from rabbit thymus. The specificity of the monoclonal antibodies (19A2 and 19F4) was established by showing that they reacted in enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with purified PCNA. Furthermore, they reacted in one-dimensional (ID) gel immunoblots with a 36 kD polypeptide which also reacted with human autoantibodies from lupus patients. Both monoclonals also recognized the nuclear polypeptide cyclin in two-dimensional (2D) gel immunoblots of HeLa cell proteins. Epitopes recognized by 19A2 and 19F4 were analysed by competitive inhibition test using a modified ELISA. The data suggested that the epitopes were closely related, but not identical. The data with human auto-antibodies were more difficult to interpret, although it suggested that some human anti-PCNA may share epitopes with 19A2 and 19F4, but in addition recognize different epitopes on the PCNA molecule.
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PMID:Monoclonal antibodies to a nuclear protein (PCNA/cyclin) associated with DNA replication. 287 37


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