Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A solid-phase monoclonal rheumatoid factor (mRF) assay for circulating immune complexes (IC) is described. Microtiter plates are coated with mRF, serum diluted 1 : 40 is added, and complexed IgG is detected with protein A coupled to peroxidase. Selective binding was obtained with aggregated human gamma-globulin and soluble IC prepared in vitro. Sucrose density gradient ultracentrifugation studies indicate that mRF binds intermediate-size IC (between 7S and 19S). Abnormal levels of IC were found in 78% of sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 67% with systemic lupus erythematosus, and 87% with subacute bacterial endocarditis.
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PMID:A solid-phase assay for circulating immune complexes using monoclonal rheumatoid factors and peroxidase-linked protein A. 725 77

We describe an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) with adsorption of histones (total and fractions) on glass beads and saturation of excess sites with sheep serum. The anti-histone antibodies are detected with peroxidase conjugate and developed with Trinder's reagent which has great stability. This very sensitive method detects anti-histone antibodies in 53% of SLE patients and in virtually no other diseases. Positive reactions are observed only with total histones and fractions H1 and H2b.
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PMID:Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay for anti-histone antibodies and their presence in systemic lupus erythematosus sera. 727 82

An attempt was made to detect antibodies against type I and/or II collagen in sera from patients with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and leprae. This study was performed with an immunoenzymatic technique: ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay). The following steps were performed: bovine collagen type I or II was adsorbed on glass beads; possible free sites were saturated by incubating the beads with sheep serum; then, the antibodies specifically bound to collagen were detected by a peroxidase-labelled anti-immunoglobulin; the immune complexes at the surface of the beads were revealed by a substrate specific for peroxidase and of great stability: Trinder's reactive. Using conditions previously shown to be optimal, the prevalence of anti-collagen antibodies was as follows. In patients with lepromatous leprae the percentages of positive sera against collagen type I and II were 40% and 44%, respectively; in patients with tuberculoid leprae the percentages were lower: 10% and 30%, respectively. Ten per cent of the SLE patients had antibodies against collagen type I, half of the prevalence noted for anti-collagen type II antibodies (20%). Finally, 13.6% of the patients with rheumatoid arthritis had antibodies against collagen type I, a percentage very similar to that of the patients with anti-collagen type II antibodies (14.6%).
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PMID:[Detection of anti-collagen type I and II antibodies by an immunoenzymatic technique (ELISA): results in rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and leprosy (author's transl)]. 733 17

Determination of the human lymphocyte subpopulation selected by immunofluorescence and the phenotypic analysis of hematological malignant cells by laser flow cytometry have become popular and useful tests in various laboratories. However, several lines of evidence have questioned the accuracy and reproducibility of these analysis. We examined the problems of laser flow cytometric analysis to measure the lymphocyte subpopulation and determine the phenotypic expression of hematological malignancies. In lymphocyte subset analysis, no survey has been applied to reveal the accuracy and reproducibility of these tests. We compared the accuracy of gating events and the ratio of lymphocytes using leuco GATE/simul SET analysis to those by manual gate method analysis. We found that there were some patients with SLE in which the accurate lymphocyte subpopulation was difficult to calculate due to the gating of lymphocytes by either method. Furthermore, apparent differences in the lymphocyte population were observed between these methods. In the phenotypic analysis of hematological malignancies, there have been several problems over 30% of the total cells had to be abnormal cells. Second, the malignant cells were difficult to gate unless the information of the size, shape and cellular density were obvious. Third, the phenotype of malignant cells were often different from that of the normal matured cells in the some lineage. However, flow cytometric analysis was useful to determine the cell lineage of peroxidase-negative cells and to diagnose the hybrid leukemia. In summary, the phenotypic analysis using flow cytometry and various monoclonal antibodies are clinically useful tests to diagnose the immunological disorders and hematological malignancies. However, there remain several problems to be solved in the near future.
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PMID:[Immunophenotypic analysis of lymphocyte subpopulation and hematological malignancies]. 747 57

In systemic lupus erythematosus accompanied by the abnormal appearance of circulating immune complexes (ICs), Fc gamma receptor (FcR)-mediated IC handling in macrophages including Kupffer cells has been shown previously. However, sinusoidal endothelial cells (SECs) largely ingest soluble immunoglobulin (Ig) G-ICs through FcRs. In this study, the character, antigenic expression, and activity (i.e., ligand-binding capacity of SEC FcRs in NZB/NZW F1 lupus and NZW nonautoimmune mice) were immunohistochemically analyzed using monoclonal antibody (MAb) 2.4G2 to FcRs and peroxidase-antiperoxidase IgG as a ligand on cryosections. MAb 2.4G2 stained SECs and blocked the ligand binding of SEC FcRs in both mice strains. The staining intensities with MAb 2.4G2 in SECs and the FcR activities in SECs alone and all sinusoidal cells in both mice strains reached their maximum values at the age of 5 months. Staining intensities in NZB/W F1 were significantly higher at 1 and 2 months and lower at 9 months than those in NZW. The number of Kupffer cells detected by MAb F4/80 to macrophages in both mice strains gradually increased until 5 months, but their number in NZB/W F1 at 9 months was twice as large as that in NZW. In conclusion, SEC FcRs in mice are low-affinity FcRs that react with MAb 2.4G2. The data of FcR activity suggest no impairment of the FcR-mediated IgG-IC binding on SECs in NZB/W F1 in early life.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Fc receptors in liver sinusoidal endothelial cells in NZB/W F1 lupus mice: a histological analysis using soluble immunoglobulin G-immune complexes and a monoclonal antibody (2.4G2). 754 88

An enzyme immunoassay (EIA) was developed for measurement of complement-mediated solubilization of immune complexes. Preformed complexes consisting of horseradish peroxidase (Pe) and anti-Pe antibodies were incubated in diluted serum. After centrifugation the soluble complexes in the supernatant were quantitated by adding peroxidase substrate followed by measurement of absorbance. Kinetic analysis of revealed significant difference between normal and EDTA-treated serum similarly to a standard assay utilising immune complexes containing radiolabelled bovine serum albumin. The difference was most pronounced after incubation of immune complexes with serum for 40 minutes. Immune complex solubilization measured by EIA was reduced in sera from 10 patients with active systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In serially followed patients, flares of SLE were preceded by reduction of solubilization capacity. The EIA is a simple method for determining serum capacity to solubilize preformed immune complexes and might be considered as a routine test for assessment of complement function in diseases such as SLE.
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PMID:A simple enzyme immunoassay for measurement of immune complex solubilization utilizing preformed peroxidase-antiperoxidase complexes. 783 44

Serum soluble HLA (SHLA) class I antigens in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. The primary antibody used was W6/32, anti-HLA class I mouse monoclonal antibody, and the secondary antibody was peroxidase-conjugated anti-mouse IgG antibody. The reactivity of SHLA class I antigens, the number of peripheral lymphocytes, and the clinical state of SLE were compared. The results were as follows; 1) Sixteen of 55 samples from SLE patients were SHLA class I antigen-positive (29%). 2) The reactivity of SHLA class I antigens was closely related to disease activity. 3) The number of lymphocytes and the reactivity of SHLA class I antigens were negatively correlated. 4) Nine of 23 samples from the active SLE patients were SHLA class I antigen-negative. Of these, 7 were from patients with a nephrotic syndrome due to lupus nephritis. It is concluded that SHLA class I antigens can be an useful marker for monitoring the clinical state of SLE.
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PMID:Clinical significance of serum soluble HLA class I antigens in systemic lupus erythematosus. 794 Jun 9

Peripheral blood leukocytes contain a variety of enzymes that are capable of metabolising xenobiotics. The enzyme myeloperoxidase (MPO) appears to be the most important for drug metabolism. MPO is a peroxidase/oxidase and generates the powerful oxidant hypochlorous acid. MPO- or MPO-generated oxidants are capable of oxidizing a wide variety of compounds and a broad range of functional groups, especially those that contain nitrogen and sulfur. Leukocytes have a role in immune response; therefore, reactive intermediates generated by leukocyte metabolism of xenobiotics may have a role in idiosyncratic drug reactions, particularly those that are immune-mediated such as drug-induced lupus or agranulocytosis.
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PMID:Myeloperoxidase-mediated activation of xenobiotics by human leukocytes. 823 77

Newly developed enzyme immunoassay kit (Pin Immuno Assay, PIA) for quantitative determination of serum antithyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) and antimicrosomal (-peroxidase) antibody (TMAb) was evaluated. The method utilizes the Sandwich ELISA principle with a unique micropin as solid phase coated with antigen. Reproducibilities assessed by intra- and interassay variation were less than 6.9% (CV) and 7.2% for TGAb or 4.2% and 6.0% for TMAb respectively. Changes in the first or second incubation time did not affect both TGAb and TMAb values. Upper normal limits obtained from 47 healthy subjects were 150 IU/ml for TGAb and 25 IU/ml for TMAb. Positive results in TGAb were obtained 60.0% in patients with Graves' disease and 80.0% in chronic thyroiditis and in TMAb 77.8% in Graves' disease and 66.7% in chronic thyroiditis. Patients with other autoimmune diseases such as SLE, RA were also found high incidence of positive results, 48.3% for TGAb and 65.0% for TMAb respectively. These results indicate that the nonradioisotopic assay technique for thyroid autoantibodies are useful in diagnosis of autoimmune diseases especially thyroid diseases.
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PMID:[Basic and clinical evaluation of EIA (pin immuno assay, PIA) kit for antithyroglobulin antibody (TGAb) and antimicrosomal (antiperoxidase) antibody (TMAb)]. 825 65

Impaired clearance of circulating and/or deposited immune complexes (IC) by the mononuclear phagocytic system is one of the major factors in the pathogenesis of IC diseases. MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr (MRL/lpr) lupus mice spontaneously develop a lethal glomerulonephritis associated with IC deposition. The ability of macrophages to degrade phagocytozed IC and regulation of this degradation in MRL/lpr mice were examined. In 4-month-old MRL/lpr mice, macrophages accumulated in the affected glomeruli and these macrophages contained many phagosomes containing electron-dense bodies. When culture supernatant of human T cell line HUT102 was administered intraperitoneally into disease-bearing MRL/lpr mice, degradation of these electron-dense bodies in the macrophages in glomeruli was noted. We developed a quantitative in vitro assay for IC degradation activity of MRL/lpr resident peritoneal macrophages (RPM) using peroxidase-labelled IC derived from MRL/lpr mouse sera. The ability of the RPM to degrade IC was remarkably enhanced by the pretreatment with HUT102 cell products and the related human recombinant cytokines, lymphotoxin and IL-1 alpha. Moreover, pretreatment of RPM from non-diseased MRL/Mp-+/+ mice with the culture supernatant of spleen cells from diseased MRL/lpr mice reduced their IC degradation activity. These results suggested that the ability of macrophages to degrade IC in MRL/Mp strains of mice is under the regulation of cytokines, and the impaired ability in the disease-bearing mice may be the result of abnormalities in the cytokine system in these mice.
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PMID:Immune complex-degradation ability of macrophages in MRL/Mp-lpr/lpr lupus mice and its regulation by cytokines. 828 94


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