Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Karl Wilhelm Kalkoff (1909-1981) describes in his unpublished memoirs the first cure of a female patient suffering from a severe form of tuberculosis cutis of the lupus vulgaris type. The drug used in this case was TBI/698 developed by Bayer Leverkusen, which was later named Conteben. This was the first chemotherapeutic cure of tuberculosis.
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PMID:[The first tuberculosis cure with chemotherapy: a lupus patient in Hornheide]. 752 Oct 54

MRL-lpr/lpr mice spontaneously develop a severe autoimmune syndrome, characterized by massive generalized lymphadenopathy, arthritis, arteritis, dermatitis and immune complex-mediated glomerulonephritis. Bone marrow transplantation (BMT) from MHC-matched systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE)-resistant donors to susceptible recipients has proved effective in correcting autoimmune manifestations in autoimmune-prone mice. We investigated the effect of syngeneic BMT from MRL/lpr (donor) to immunocompromised MRL/lpr (recipient), after purging the bone marrow inoculum with MoAbs against mature T cells (anti-Thy 1.2). All the untreated mice developed lymphadenopathy and by the age of 36 weeks five of the eight were dead; in contrast, all the mice which underwent syngeneic BMT following acute immunosuppression with total body irradiation (900 cGy) (TBI) remained disease-free. In an additional experiment, it was found that conditioning with cyclophosphamide (CY) before BMT was more effective than TBI in inhibiting delayed-onset autoimmune manifestations (mean survival 350 days in the CY group and 305 days in the TBI group, versus 197 days in untreated controls). Under both immunosuppressive regimens T cell-depleted bone marrow grafts produced far better results than did unmanipulated BMT. Following syngeneic BMT the incidence of proteinuria and the level of serum anti-DNA (dd) antibodies were significantly reduced, compared with that of the age-matched untreated controls. CY was more effective than TBI in reducing the anti-DNA titres. Likewise, T depletion of bone marrow inocula before BMT induced a more drastic drop in autoantibodies, following both CY and TBI conditioning protocols. After syngeneic BMT (either CY or TBI) no signs of lymphadenopathy were observed even at an advanced age. Upon histopathological examination, the BMT-treated mice displayed normal glomeruli with occasional minimal signs of glomerulonephritis. Syngeneic T cell-depleted BMT following acute cytoreduction of anti-self immune lymphocytes may represent a new therapeutic approach for drug-resistant autoimmune diseases.
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PMID:Immunomodulation of autoimmunity in MRL/lpr mice with syngeneic bone marrow transplantation (SBMT). 769 9

With over 4 decades of seminal contributions to the development and application of BMT, Dr. Thomas stresses the importance of collaboration between rheumatologists and transplant clinicians in developing this evolving area of treatment. While the debate concerning the value of TBI in the conditioning regimen and the use of autologous or allogeneic stem cells will continue, he states there is simply no other way to answer these questions than to begin well designed clinical studies. As pointed out by Dr. Hahn, unexpected post-transplant complications may arise in patients with SSc and SLE and possibly require modifications to the transplant procedure similar to the experience in patients with other specific diseases. Other difficulties may be encountered, including restricted funding of the transplant procedure by insurance carriers. The emergence of managed care contracts and payer limitations in the United States described by Dr. Appelbaum could hinder the development of innovative, curative therapies. As initial clinical data are being collected, it is vital to actively support patient referral and participation in clinical studies that will ultimately establish the indications, risks, costs, and benefits of hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for autoimmune disease.
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PMID:The evolving role of blood and marrow transplantation for the treatment of autoimmune diseases. 915 Jan 10

Although neuropsychological deficits have been reported in several cognitive domains in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), there is considerable variability in the literature about which neuropsychological domains are most affected. Similar to studies that demonstrated that specific profiles of neuropsychological deficits exist for those with traumatic brain injury (TBI; Johnstone, Hexum, & Ashkanazi, 1995), this study examined whether a specific pattern of deficits is present in SLE. By comparing reading scores (as estimates of premorbid ability) to tests of concurrent cognitive abilities (i.e., memory, attention, etc.), it was determined that SLE presents a profile distinct from TBI, with the most significant impairments noted in expressive language (Zdiff = -1.39), attention (Zdiff = -0.41), and speed of processing (Zdiff = -0.40). In contrast to TBI, no impairment was noted in intelligence, memory, or cognitive flexibility. Results suggest that memory problems reported by individuals with SLE may be related to inattention. Clinical implications are discussed.
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PMID:Neuropsychological deficit profiles in systemic lupus erythematosus. 1086 4

Macroautophagy/autophagy occurs at basal levels in all eukaryotic cells and plays an important role in maintaining bio-energetic homeostasis through the control of molecule degradation and organelle turnover. It can be induced by environmental conditions such as starvation, and is deregulated in many diseases including autoimmune diseases, neurodegenerative disorders, and cancer. Interestingly, the modulation of autophagy in mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) represents a possible mechanism which, affecting MSC properties, may have an impact on their regenerative, therapeutic potential. Furthermore, the ability of MSCs to modulate autophagy of cells in injured tissues/organs has been recently proposed to be involved in the regeneration of damaged tissues and organs. In particular, MSCs can affect autophagy in immune cells involved in injury-induced inflammation reducing their survival, proliferation, and function and favoring the resolution of inflammation. In addition, MSCs can affect autophagy in endogenous adult or progenitor cells, promoting their survival, proliferation and differentiation supporting the restoration of functional tissue. This review provides, for the first time, an overview of the studies which highlight a possible link between the therapeutic properties of MSCs and their ability to modulate autophagy, and it summarizes examples of disorders where these therapeutic properties have been correlated with such modulation. A better elucidation of the mechanism(s) through which MSCs can modulate the autophagy of target cells and how autophagy can affect MSCs therapeutic properties, can provide a wider perspective for the clinical application of MSCs in the treatment of many diseases.Abbreviations: 3-MA: 3-methyladenine; AD: Alzheimer disease; ATG: autophagy-related; BECN1: beclin 1; BM: bone marrow; CD: cluster of differentiation; EAE: experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; IL: interleukin; INF: interferon; LAP: LC3-associated phagocytosis; MAP1LC3/LC3: microtubule associated protein 1 light chain 3; MSCs: mesenchymal stem cells; MTOR: mechanistic target of rapamycin kinase; PD: Parkinson disease; PtdIns3K: class III phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase; ROS: reactive oxygen species; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus; SQSTM1: sequestosome 1; TBI: traumatic brain injury; TGF: transforming growth factor; TNF: tumor necrosis factor.
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PMID:Autophagy: a potential key contributor to the therapeutic action of mesenchymal stem cells. 3118 90