Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The principle of immunoelectronmicroscopic studies using horseradish perpoxidase is described. This method, especially the peroxidase-antiperoxidase multistep technique, reveals more details about the exact localization of immunophenomena in different dermatological diseases. The results of immunological investigations performed on the ultra-structural level in bullous diseases, lupus erythermatosus, vasculitis, and psoriasis are summarized and compared with the immunofluorescent and classical electromicroscopic findings.
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PMID:[Immunoelectron microscopy in dermatology]. 34 50

A multistep immunocytochemical method, utilizing horeradish peroxidase as an immunological bound marker enzyme, was employed to demonstrate in vivo fixed immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM) in the skin of three patients with CDLE and three patients with SLE. The immunoglobulin deposits were confined to the uppermost strata of the dermis, i.e. the area just below the basal lamina. Small amounts of immunoglobulin were visible within the lamina lucida and the basal lamina. Only quantitative differences were observed between deposits of immunoglobulins in CDLE and SLE. I CDLE, the reaction product covered a wider area of the superficial dermis and extended deeper down into the dermis. IgG and IgM deposits exhibited an identical fine structural morphology.
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PMID:Immunoelectron microscopy of skin in lupus erythematosus. 37 Jan 64

Antinuclear antibodies are almost always found in sera of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus. To differentiate antinuclear antibodies from antibodies to DNA in the recently described Crithidia luciliae assay, we developed an immunoperoxidase technique for detecting antibodies to native, double-stranded DNA and compared results by it with those by the Farr assay. Smears of cultured Crithidia luciliae were incubated with human sera, peroxidase-labeled anti-human IgG serum, and diaminobenzidine. The peroxidase stain was examined by conventional light microscopy, which facilitated differentiation between the kinetoplast and the nuclear staining. The Crithidia assay appeared to be specific for double-stranded DNA antibodies, seemed to be more sensitive than the Farr assay, and allowed us to determine the immunoglobulin classes of antibodies to native DNA. Some patients with systemic lupus erythematosus had only IgM or IgA antibodies to DNA.
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PMID:Antibodies to native DNA: detection by immunoperoxidase assay and determination of their immunoglobulin classes. 40 Apr 38

Mitotic human chromosomes are successively irradiated by ultraviolet, incubated with serum from a patient showing systemic lupus erythematosus (S.L.E.), and antihuman Sheep serum conjugated with peroxidase. After revelation by diaminobenzidine (DAB) banding patterns are pointed out. The chromosome labelling is discussed in comparison with results obtained in other immunocytochemical experiments.
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PMID:[Immunocytochemical labeling of human chromosomes by antibodies from human autoimmune serum]. 41 58

In 27 patients with lupus erythematodes diseminatus the determinations of the LE-cells according to the macromethod (Zimmer and Hargraves) and the micromethod (Mudrik and co-workers) were compared with the demonstration of antinuclear factors according to the indirect immunofluorescence and immune enzyme technique. The sensitiveness of the two last-mentioned immunomorphological methods is somewhat larger. In these cases the size of the titre of the antinuclear factor almost always correlates positively with the number of the LE-cells. For the purpose of the initial diagnostics and the judgment of the course a morphological method cannot be renounced, since in the acute episode a high consumption of the antinuclear factor the immunological methods negatively correlate with the number of the LE-cells. The immune enzyme technique is to be recommended on account of the smaller expenditure, permanence of the preparations and high sensitiveness as alternative method of the immunofluorescence technique. In the micromethod the large variation is opposite to the advantage of the slight quantity of blood and to an always existing evaluability. Investigations of the lymphocytes of patients with lupus erythematodes disseminatus by means of the lymphocyte transformation test and the determination of the B-cells with the help of the direct immune peroxidase technique refer to the close pathogenetic connections of cellular and humoral immune reactions in this disease.
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PMID:[Immunodiagnostic methods in lupus erythematosus disseminatus]. 77 10

The TEAG rosette test was not devised as an immediate diagnostic indicator, but in order to detect gross differences over a period of time between the lymphocytes of patients with conditions where immune complexes may be formed, and those of normal people. In summary these results indicate that:- 1. Percentage TEAG rosettes were highly significantly increased in patients with SLE, active chronic hepatitis and carcinoma of lung compared with normal controls, when the tests were performed on suspensions, containing over 90% lymphocytes, separated from peripheral blood. 2. Estimates of mean B lymphocytes plus blood monocytes in the separated suspensions, as measured by EAC rosettes (and peroxidase and differential counts for monocytes) are exceeded by TEAG-rosetting cells in the patients tested. 3. Tests on patients with chronic autoimmune conditions (e.g. ACH and SLE) do not show a highly significant difference from normal controls with respect to mean total cells forming E-rosettes. 4. It may be speculated that some TEAG rosettes are formed by T-cells which could have immune complexes or autologous anti-lymphocyte globulin on their surface and that such a condition may account for the depressed T-cell function found in these conditions.
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PMID:Lymphocyte surface-attached immunoglobulins in some clinical conditions. 108 63

Activated neutrophils and monocytes were found to metabolize procainamide to a reactive hydroxylamine. In contrast, there was little or no metabolism by lymphocytes or platelets. Therefore, it appears that only leukocytes that contain myeloperoxidase can metabolize procainamide to a significant degree. There was no difference in the degree to which neutrophils from males or females metabolized procainamide; however, monocytes from males formed significantly more hydroxylamine than did monocytes from females. By use of radiolabeled procainamide, covalent binding of procainamide to leukocytes was detected, and the degree of binding correlated with the cells' ability to oxidize procainamide. These findings suggest that myeloperoxidase is the major enzyme involved in the formation of reactive metabolites by leukocytes, a pathway that we propose may be responsible for procainamide-induced lupus and agranulocytosis.
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PMID:Comparative metabolism and covalent binding of procainamide by human leukocytes. 134 86

The tuberculostatic agent isoniazid has been implicated in inducing various idiosyncratic reactions including drug-induced lupus. The mechanism is unknown but may involve a reactive metabolite of the drug. Isoniazid was oxidized by activated leukocytes to isonicotinic acid. Myeloperoxidase is likely the enzyme in the leukocyte involved, since the oxidation was inhibited by azide, which inhibits myeloperoxidase, and by catalase, which catalyzes the breakdown of hydrogen peroxide. The same metabolic profile was observed when isoniazid was incubated with purified myeloperoxidase and hydrogen peroxide. The rate of the reaction was increased in the presence of chloride. Hypochlorous acid was also able to oxidize isoniazid to isonicotinic acid. Isoniazid, or an oxidative product, inhibited the reaction when high initial substrate concentrations were used. Isoniazid is oxidized by activated leukocytes, possibly to a reactive intermediate, which may have implications for isoniazid-induced lupus.
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PMID:Metabolism of isoniazid by activated leukocytes. Possible role in drug-induced lupus. 135 11

An enzyme immunosorbent assay of neopterin and biopterin on a polystyrene microtiter plate has been developed. A conjugate of neopterin or biopterin to bovine serum albumin was used to raise a specific antiserum against neopterin or biopterin in rabbits. An incubation mixture of the antiserum and samples prepared from human serum underwent another antigen-antibody reaction with the hapten fixed on the microtiter plate. The amount of antibody bound to the fixed hapten, which is inverse to the amount of hapten in the sample, was determined by using anti-rabbit IgG-horseradish peroxidase conjugate in a usual manner by measuring absorbance at 490 nm after reaction with o-phenylenediamine and hydrogen peroxide. The minimal detectable amounts of neopterin and biopterin were approximately 0.1 pmol. The specificity of the assay was so high that the assay system for neopterin completely distinguished it from biopterin, as judged from the cross-reaction of 0.002%, and vice versa. The amounts of neopterin and biopterin in human serum determined by the present method agreed well with those determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. We used the present method to determine the concentrations of neopterin in serum from healthy control subjects and patients with cancers and systemic lupus erythematosus; the results were consistent with literature data.
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PMID:Highly sensitive, specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of neopterin and biopterin in biological samples. 139 77

The streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex (SABC) technique was compared to conventional indirect immunofluorescence (IIF) for the detection of anti-nuclear antibody (ANA) on HEp-2 cell substrate. SABC showed higher specificity and predictive value and gave more reproducible titres and clearer staining patterns than IIF in sera from a series of rheumatic disease patients. Sera from 80 patients with various types of rheumatic diseases and 20 without rheumatic disease were further tested using the SABC method. All systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) sera were positive. The overall sensitivity was 95%, specificity 90% and predictive value 97% for rheumatic disease. The rim pattern was associated with SLE and mixed connective tissue disease. The nucleolar/homogeneous pattern was associated with scleroderma and SLE in remission. ANA titre and staining pattern have limited value in the clinical assessment of rheumatic disease; however, ANA has very high sensitivity for SLE and remains an excellent screening test.
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PMID:Antinuclear antibody detection using streptavidin-biotin-peroxidase complex on HEp-2 cell substrate. 141 79


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