Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Thrombocytopenia is one of the common manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Its treatment consists of corticosteroids and/or other immunosuppressive drug such as azathioprine, vincristine, cyclosporine, and mycophenolate mofetil. Common adverse reactions of immunosuppressive treatment are infections, hematologic and liver function abnormalities, but neurologic complications may also be seen. Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a syndrome manifested by headache, nausea, vomiting, seizures, cortical blindness, and visual disturbances. Neuroimaging shows bilateral subcortical and cortical edema with prominent posterior distribution. Moreover, treatment with immunosuppressive drugs such as cyclosporine, cisplatin, tacrolimus, and interferon-alpha can induce a condition resembling RPLS. We report a case of a young woman with SLE and thrombocytopenia, who developed severe perspiration, headache, and seizure after receiving cyclosporine. A brain magnetic resonance image showed multiple high signal intensities on T2-weighted images predominantly located at the parietooccipital lobe. The patient recovered completely clinically and radiologically after discontinuing cyclosporine.
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PMID:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus with thrombocytopenia treated with cyclosporine. 1727 58

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is characterized clinically by headache, abnormalities of mental status and visual perception, and seizures. Despite its diverse causes, common precipitating factors are defined as abrupt elevations of blood pressure, renal decompensation, fluid retention, and immunosuppressive therapy. We report three children with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome presenting with generalized seizures and headache. The causes of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome were considered to be acute hypertension and immunosuppressive therapy in case 1 with systemic lupus erythematosus, chemotherapy (vincristine and/or actinomycin-D) and hyponatremia in case 2, and acute hypertension in case 3, admitted with a familial Mediterranean fever attack. In light of these cases, we review the literature for the etiology, clinical and laboratory findings, and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease.
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PMID:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: report of three cases. 1641 49

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is an acute form of cerebrovascular injury that has been described recently in the setting of uncontrolled hypertension, puerperal eclampsia, or treatment with certain immunosuppressive drugs, including cyclosporine. It is reversible if treated promptly. Two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), renal failure, and uncontrolled hypertension developed acute cerebrovascular symptoms; one had seizures and the other had headache and blurred vision. Both patients showed abnormal predominantly posterior lobe findings on neuroimaging films. The patients' symptoms and imaging abnormalities resolved completely with prompt correction of their hypertension and concomitant treatment with corticosteroids. RPLS should be recognized in SLE patients with uncontrolled hypertension and renal failure who present with headaches, seizures, cortical blindness, and other visual abnormalities. Prompt treatment with control of hypertension and withdrawal of precipitating drugs may be most important and can prevent permanent neurologic damage.
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PMID:Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in systemic lupus erythematosus. 1907 72

Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) is a recently identified clinical and radiologic entity. The characteristic radiologic findings are bilateral gray and white matter edema in the posterior regions of the cerebral hemispheres. The typical clinical syndrome includes headache, confusion, visual symptoms, and seizures. RPLS most often occurs in the setting of hypertensive crisis, preeclampsia, or with cytotoxic immunosuppressive therapy, but many other clinical settings are described, such as cryoglobulinemia, hemolytic uremic syndrome, systemic lupus erythematosus, and use of erythropoietin. A 24-year-old man, diagnosed as having anaphylactoid purpura nephritis at 12 years of age and who started peritoneal dialysis (PD) at 23 years of age, was admitted to our hospital with a seizure and consciousness disturbance. His blood pressure (BP) and body fluid volume had not been controlled well because of poor compliance with medication and PD. T2-weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed high signal intensity changes restricted to the cortex and subcortical white matter of the cerebellum. On the other hand, diffusion-weighted imaging showed an isointense signal. From these findings, he was diagnosed as having RPLS. With appropriate control of BP and volume control by PD and hemodialysis, his symptoms improved, and a follow-up cranial MRI 1 month later was almost normal. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of RPLS in an adult PD patient.
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PMID:A case of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome in a patient on peritoneal dialysis. 2107 75