Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The lifetime prevalence of panic disorder in the United States is 1.5%; nearly 3 times that many Americans experience recurrent panic attacks. Both conditions are associated with diminished well-being, increased alcohol and drug abuse, suicide attempts, and financial dependency, at rates often exceeding those for other psychiatric disorders, including major depression. In spite of these considerable social consequences, panic disorder and panic attacks often go unrecognized. Because their symptoms can present as other medical disorders, including myocardial infarction, temporal lobe epilepsy, Cushing's disease, anemia, hypoglycemia, and lupus, these patients are instead often seen in emergency departments and cardiac and other medical clinics. General practitioners, and especially physicians working in emergency departments, should be alert to the possibility of panic disorder, especially if the patient has a first-degree family member suffering from panic disorder.
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PMID:The hidden patient: unrecognized panic disorder. 222 93

A case of systemic lupus erythematodes (SLE) with development of a delusional depression is presented. Psychiatric symptoms in patients with SLE and in patients treated with glucocorticoids are discussed. The main psychiatric side effects of a therapy with steroids are a dose-dependent, reversible dementia like syndrome and a probably not dose-dependent provocation of psychosis. Furthermore the role of the dysregulation of the limbic-hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenocortical axis in major depression is stressed and consequences for psychopharmacological treatment are emphasized.
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PMID:[Cortisone-induced delusional depression in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 797 64

The symptoms of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) may include altered mental function. The present study sought to determine whether the psychiatric disorders are due to the disease itself or to the stress of having a chronic disease. Forty-five SLE patients attending outpatient clinics at the Port-of-Spain General Hospital in Trinidad were compared with two control groups: patients with chronic debilitating diseases similar to SLE in terms of chronicity and treatment (n = 44) and non-diseased individuals (n = 48). The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM III-R was used to identify psychiatric disorders. Both the SLE and the chronic illness groups had more psychiatric illness (44% and 39%, respectively) when compared with the non-diseased controls (2%) (p < 0.001). Major depression was the most common diagnosis among both diseased groups. However, psychotic illnesses (schizophrenic-type psychosis and bipolar disorders) were more prevalent in the SLE group (11.1% vs 0%, p = 0.02). These results indicate that major depression in SLE may be related more to the effects of a chronic illness than to SLE itself. However, the occurrence of psychotic symptoms may be related to SLE disease and needs further study.
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PMID:Psychiatric disorders in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. 877 93

The level of bioactive transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) was measured in serum from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS), healthy control subjects, and patients with major depression, systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE), and multiple sclerosis (MS) of both the relapsing/remitting (R/R) and the chronic progressive (CP) types. Patients with CFS had significantly higher levels of bioactive TGF-beta levels compared to the healthy control major depression, SLE, R/R MS, and CP MS groups (P < 0.01). Additionally, no significant differences were found between the healthy control subjects and any of the disease comparison groups. The current finding that TGF-beta is significantly elevated among patients with CFS supports the findings of two previous studies examining smaller numbers of CFS patients. In conclusion, TGF-beta levels were significantly higher in CFS patients compared to patients with various diseases known to be associated with immunologic abnormalities and/or pathologic fatigue. These findings raise interesting questions about the possible role of TGF-beta in the pathogenesis of CFS.
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PMID:Elevation of bioactive transforming growth factor-beta in serum from patients with chronic fatigue syndrome. 908 92

Inbred MRL, NZB and BXSB strains of mice spontaneously develop a systemic, lupus-like autoimmune disease. The progress of autoimmunity is accompanied with a cascade of behavioral changes, most consistently observed in tasks reflective of emotional reactivity and the two-way avoidance learning task. Given the possibility that behavioral alterations may reflect a detrimental consequence of autoimmune-inflammatory processes and/or an adaptive response to chronic malaise, they are tentatively labeled as autoimmunity-associated behavioral syndrome (AABS). It is hypothesized that neuroactive immune factors (pro-inflammatory cytokines, brain-reactive antibodies) together with endocrine mediators (corticotropin-releasing factor, glucocorticoids) participate in the etiology of AABS. Since AABS develops natively, and has a considerable face and predictive validity, and since the principal pathway to autoimmunity is known, AABS may be a useful model for the study of CNS involvement in human autoimmune diseases and by extension, for testing autoimmune hypotheses of several mental disorders (major depression, schizophrenia, Alzheimer's disease, autism and AIDS-related dementia).
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PMID:Neurobehavioral alterations in autoimmune mice. 916 68

We report a 39-year-old female who presented over 11 years with autoimmune cholangiopathy associated with kaleidoscopic manifestations of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), including, arthritis, skin changes, pleuritis, diffuse proliferative glomerulonephritis, lymphadenopathy, splenomegaly, hyperglobulinemia, and major depression. While antimitochondrial antibodies (AMA) were absent, antinuclear (ANA) and anti-DNA antibodies were detected in high titres associated with hypocomplementemia. The patient also had vitamin B12 deficiency and antiphospholipid antibodies. The patient required steroids and repeated courses of cyclophosphamide for the management of lupus nephritis, and ursodeoxycholic acid (ursolite) administration resulted in amelioration of cholestatic laboratory abnormalities. This unusual case report and review of literature illustrate that immune liver disease may be an important clinical manifestation of SLE, especially autoimmune cholangiopathy.
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PMID:Autoimmune cholangiopathy associated with systemic lupus erythematosus. 1202 2

Accurate identification of depression in patients with systemic lupus erythematosis (SLE) is particularly complicated because the vegetative symptoms of depression also reflect core features of this autoimmune disease. Self-reported symptoms in patients with SLE (n = 103) and community control subjects (n = 136) were examined with the British Columbia Major Depression Inventory and the Beck Depression Inventory-II. The patients with lupus obtained higher scores on most items of the former inventory. A logistic regression analysis assessed whether a subset of these items were uniquely related to group membership. Clinically significant fatigue was much more common in patients with lupus than in the control group. Two items relating to sleep disturbance also entered the equation as unique predictors. The three-variable model resulted in 85% of the control subjects and 66% of the patients being correctly classified. A subset of patients with depression, according to the Beck inventory (17 or higher), were selected (n = 41). Their most frequently endorsed symptoms on the British Columbia Inventory were fatigue (90.2%), trouble failing asleep (70.7%), cognitive difficulty (61%), and psychomotor slowing (58.5%). Only 29.3% reported significant sadness. 15% of these subjects were classified as not depressed, 46% as possibly depressed, and 39% as probably depressed on the British Columbia Inventory. It is advisable to assess whether patients are experiencing significant sadness or loss of interest before concluding that a high score on a screening test corresponds to probable depression.
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PMID:Screening for depression in systemic lupus erythematosus with the British Columbia Major Depression Inventory. 1215 Mar 89

Among the fatty acids, it is the omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) which possess the most potent immunomodulatory activities, and among the omega-3 PUFA, those from fish oil-eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA)--are more biologically potent than alpha-linolenic acid (ALA). Some of the effects of omega-3 PUFA are brought about by modulation of the amount and types of eicosanoids made, and other effects are elicited by eicosanoid-independent mechanisms, including actions upon intracellular signaling pathways, transcription factor activity and gene expression. Animal experiments and clinical intervention studies indicate that omega-3 fatty acids have anti-inflammatory properties and, therefore, might be useful in the management of inflammatory and autoimmune diseases. Coronary heart disease, major depression, aging and cancer are characterized by an increased level of interleukin 1 (IL-1), a proinflammatory cytokine. Similarly, arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis and lupus erythematosis are autoimmune diseases characterized by a high level of IL-1 and the proinflammatory leukotriene LTB(4) produced by omega-6 fatty acids. There have been a number of clinical trials assessing the benefits of dietary supplementation with fish oils in several inflammatory and autoimmune diseases in humans, including rheumatoid arthritis, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, psoriasis, lupus erythematosus, multiple sclerosis and migraine headaches. Many of the placebo-controlled trials of fish oil in chronic inflammatory diseases reveal significant benefit, including decreased disease activity and a lowered use of anti-inflammatory drugs.
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PMID:Omega-3 fatty acids in inflammation and autoimmune diseases. 1248 Jul 95

The association between psychosocial factors and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is still a matter of discussion. Mood disorders may represent neuropsychiatric manifestations of SLE disease activity or may be a consequence of the stress of having a chronic major disease. We examined the hypothesis that SLE disease activity is related to the presence and severity of major depression in patients with SLE. Seventy-one patients with SLE were evaluated for the presence and intensity of major depressive disorder, psychosocial stressors, functional disability, SLE disease activity, and cumulative damage. Patients with major depression presented a trend toward having greater severity of SLE disease activity compared with those without major depression (P = .056). Major depression was also associated with life events (P = .017) and hassles (P < .001). Reinforcing these findings, depression severity was directly correlated with disease activity (r = 0.26, P = .026) and with functional disability (r = 0.46, P < .001). Moreover, multiple linear regression analysis, controlling for stressful life events and previous major depressive episodes, demonstrated that SLE disease activity still was associated with depression severity (P = .014). In conclusion, these results support the hypothesis that SLE disease activity is a potential risk factor for the presence and severity of major depression in patients with SLE. Whether major depression in active SLE is a central nervous system manifestation of the disease that is mediated by an autoimmune mechanism deserves further research.
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PMID:Major depressive disorder and disease activity in systemic lupus erythematosus. 1714 76

Gender differences in susceptibility to complex disease such as asthma, diabetes, lupus, autism and major depression, among numerous other disorders, represent one of the hallmarks of non-Mendelian biology. It has been generally accepted that endocrinological differences are involved in the sexual dimorphism of complex disease; however, specific molecular mechanisms of such hormonal effects have not been elucidated yet. This paper will review evidence that sex hormone action may be mediated via gene-specific epigenetic modifications of DNA and histones. The epigenetic modifications can explain sex effects at DNA sequence polymorphisms and haplotypes identified in gender-stratified genetic linkage and association studies. Hormone-induced DNA methylation and histone modification changes at specific gene regulatory regions may increase or reduce the risk of a disease. The epigenetic interpretation of sexual dimorphism fits well into the epigenetic theory of complex disease, which argues for the primary pathogenic role of inherited and/or acquired epigenetic misregulation rather than DNA sequence variation. The new experimental strategies, especially the high throughput microarray-based epigenetic profiling, can be used for testing the epigenetic hypothesis of gender effects in complex diseases.
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PMID:Complex disease, gender and epigenetics. 1743 68


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