Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Results of a Double Blind Study: In a randomized double blind study, 22 patients were treated with levamisole. The intention was to find out whether immunostimulation would have a favorable influence on rheumatic complaints in patients with rheumatoid arthritis and whether an objectifiable improvement of the synovial reaction can be obtained. The course was monitored with an extensive laboratory diagnostic program in 13 patients treated with levamisole and 9 patients with placebo. The medicament did not cause a pseudo-LE syndrome. In the overall result, 84.6% of the patients were significantly improved compared to 33.3% of the placebo group. Gastric complaints were occasionally seen as side effects. In one patient, the treatment had to be interrupted several times because of recurrent leukopenia and was prematurely ended in the 21st week.
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PMID:[Immunostimulation in the treatment of chronic joint rheumatism (author's transl)]. 41 83

Retinal lesions occur in 25 to 30% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Visual loss, however, is rare. A patient who developed central retinal vein occlusion and blindness during the course of active SLE is described. The pertinent literature is reviewed with attention to possible pathophysiologic mechanisms.
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PMID:Central retinal vein occlusion complicating systemic lupus erythematosus. 69 53

Sensory neuroophthalmic abnormalities due to cerebral lupus erythematosus, with involvement of visual pathways posterior to the optic chiasm, occurred in 12 patients with systemic lupus erhthematosus. Five underwent detailed evaluation because of an hallucination, 4 for visual loss, and 3 for both. Hallucinations were either unformed (for example, bright lights, straight lines) or highly formed (for example, faces), in which case they were invariably recognized by the patient as inappropriate. In no instance did they occur in association with delirium, confusion, or use of hallucinogenic drugs. Patients with loss of vision had scotomas, homonymous field defects, and cortical blindness. These features indicate disease in the posterior cerebral artery circulation, a localization often supported by ancillary neurologic findings, for example, vocal cord paralysis, diminished gag reflex. Thus, various visual dysfunctions may occur in systemic lupus erythematosus due to cerebral vasculitis. At times they may be the most prominent and disabling feature of the disorder.
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PMID:Cerebral disorders of vision in systemic lupus erythematosus. 114 49

The most frequent neurological lesions found on Cranial Computerized Tomography (CT scan) in patients with Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (SLE) are cortical atrophy (psychosis, although in general atrophy is not associated with a particular clinical presentation), infarcts and haemorraghes (strokes). We describe a patient diagnosed of SLE who developed a psychotic clinical picture followed by generalized epileptic seizures within a context of diffuse lupus encephalopathy. On the neurological examination, she presented cortical blindness, generalized piramidalism and extrapiramidal rigidity. Various electroencephalographic recordings showed signs of diffuse cerebral involvement predominantly in posterior regions. Cerebrospinal fluid analysis showed a slight increase of IgG without oligoclonal bands and a positive anti-DNA antibody with an homogeneous pattern. Sequential CT images were carried out demonstrating hypodense areas initially in the occipital regions that extended progressively to the temporal, parietal and finally to the frontal lobes, with a moderate mass effect on the lateral ventricles and with no contrast enhancement. The images of the lesions on the CT disappeared completely with the adequate treatment as the symptomatology resolved. A MRI and cerebral angiography were performed when the patient recovered. Both MRI and angiography showed no alterations. We consider that this neuroradiological finding is exceptional, because of its total resolution. Nevertheless, more observations will be necessary to determine the exact meaning of these abnormalities.
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PMID:[Atypical neuroradiologic manifestation of systemic lupus erythematosus]. 149 82

A 50-year-old woman with systemic lupus erythematosus was admitted in an obtunded state. An EEG recorded while she was unconscious demonstrated one episode of rhythmic sharp wave activity in the left occipital area that lasted for 5 minutes and was followed later in the same recording by an episode of high amplitude sharp wave discharges in the right posterior temporal and occipital areas. When the patient regained consciousness, she had an Anton's syndrome of cortical blindness with denial. When she recovered light perception only, the EEG demonstrated synchronous and independent right and left occipital-posterior temporal periodic lateralized epileptiform discharges (PLEDs). Cortical blindness (Anton's syndrome) associated with abnormal electrical activity in the occipital areas has only rarely been reported. Our case is significant for the following reasons: 1) PLEDs maximal right and left occipital areas associated with bilateral visual loss has not previously been observed; 2) abnormal electrical activity in the occipital lobes may be a reversible cause of Anton's syndrome.
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PMID:Reversible cortical blindness (Anton's syndrome) associated with bilateral occipital EEG abnormalities. 233 39

A 16-year-old girl was admitted to our hospital in August 23, 1986, for headache, nausea and low grade fever. Marked increases in immunoglobulin indices were found in the cerebrospinal fluid. When she was 13, she was diagnosed as having SLE and lupus nephritis. On September 9, 1986, she complained of urinary retention, and pathological reflexes were elicited bilaterally. On September 13, she complained of a sudden loss of vision (count fingers) in the right eye which worsened to a visual acuity of light perception over the next 48 hours. A visual evoked response potentials (VEP) to flash stimulation gave a loss of amplitude and an increase in latency. On September 16, she complained of a similar loss of vision in the left eye. Leakage of dye around the left optic disc was found by a fluorescein angiogram on September 26. These results indicated a diagnosis of bilateral optic neuritis. Both visual acuity returned rapidly over the following month following oral prednisolone treatment. Optic neuritis is an exceedingly rare complication in SLE. Although the visual prognosis have been fairly good in the reported cases, some have resulted in various states of blindness. As for etiology of optic neuritis in our patient, ischemic change of optic nerves due to microvasculopathy as well as slight demyelinating process were speculated by the VEP pattern.
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PMID:[A case of systemic lupus erythematosus associated with meningitis, myelitis, and bilateral optic neuritis]. 277 56

The optic neuritis of systemic lupus erythematosus (S.L.E.) more frequently results in the persistence of a central scotoma or complete blindness after a single attack than demyelinating optic neuritis, although the initial clinical presentations may be identical. A significant number of patients, however, recover normal vision. Optic neuritis may be the presenting symptom of S.L.E. and as myelopathy may also occur in the course of the disease, confusion with multiple sclerosis may result, especially if there are no arthritic, cutaneous nor visceral manifestations. We report a case of lupus optic neuritis associated with anticardiolipin antibodies and a circulating lupus anticoagulant and suggest these may be a marker for vasculitic optic neuritis and play a role in its aetiology.
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PMID:Optic neuritis and myelopathy in systemic lupus erythematosus. 308 11

Although the neuropathologic findings in patients who have died of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) are well documented, the cytomorphologic reactions present in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) of living patients with transient neurologic disturbances associated with SLE are poorly understood. Short of brain biopsy, a CSF cytomorphologic examination may provide the best clue to the nature of the cellular inflammatory process in these transient CNS disorders. Cells in the CSF from a patient with SLE who developed transient cortical blindness with denial of visual loss (Anton's syndrome) were subjected to detailed morphologic classification. The findings suggest that tissue destruction and subclinical hemorrhage can be confirmed by careful CSF cytologic examination in patients with these transient neurologic disturbances.
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PMID:Cerebrospinal fluid cytomorphology in systemic lupus erythematosus with Anton's syndrome. 695 9

The authors present a case of neuro-ophthalmic systemic lupus erythematosus in which an initial diagnosis of "hysteria" was made. The authors review the ophthalmic symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus and technical aspects of the ophthalmic examination useful in differentiating organic from functional blindness.
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PMID:Neuro-ophthalmic systemic lupus erythematosis misdiagnosed as hysterical blindness. 711 19

The records of 37 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) followed at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia between 1968 and 1978 were reviewed for evidence of central nervous system (CNS) involvement. Criteria for CNS involvement included evidence of organic brain syndrome, electroencephalographic abnormalities with symptoms referable to CNS, or objective neurologic signs. Sixteen of 37 children had CNS involvement (43%). Thirteen patients had CNS involvement at the onset of SLE. Three patients had late onset CNS manifestations 1 to 2 years after the diagnosis of SLE. The most frequently observed symptoms were headache, behavior disorder, lethargy, diplopia, blurred vision, memory alteration, dizziness, and alteration of consciousness. The most frequently observed neurologic signs were seizures, cranial nerve palsy, ataxia, papilledema, nystagmus, meningitis, tremor, rigidity, cortical blindness, and coma. Neuropsychiatric manifestations included organic brain syndrome, functional psychosis, and personality disorder. Laboratory tests showed elevated cerebrospinal fluid opening pressure and protein, negative cultures, and abnormal electroencephalograms and computerized axial tomography scans. Fourteen of 16 children with CNS manifestations are alive. Thirteen had a mean IQ of 89 by the Wechsler Intelligence Tests. Twelve are in educational programs. One required long-term psychiatric care. A residual neurologic abnormality, a seizure disorder, was present in 3. CNS involvement with SLE in children carries a favorable prognosis.
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PMID:Central nervous system involvement in childhood systemic lupus erythematosus. 731 16


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