Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Anticardiolipin antibodies were determined in 96 psychiatric patients treated chronically with chlorpromazine by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay using anti-IgM and anti-IgG (fab'2 fragment) as the second antibody. Fifty-four of these patients had an IgM-lupus anticoagulant, and the remaining 42 were followed as controls. Elevated IgM-anticardiolipin antibodies (ACA) levels were detected in 31 patients with the lupus anticoagulant and in 5 controls (p less than 0.001). During a median followup of 5 years, single episodes of deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism occurred in three patients; one had the lupus anticoagulant and the other two had low-level ACA. Contrary to the reported experience in systemic lupus erythematosus and related autoimmune disorders, chlorpromazine-induced lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies levels appear not to be associated with an increased incidence of thrombosis.
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PMID:Chlorpromazine-induced anticardiolipin antibodies and lupus anticoagulant: absence of thrombosis. 312 8

We describe deep vein thrombosis associated with lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies in three children aged 10 to 14 years. One of them also had arterial thromboses. None of the patients had systemic lupus erythematosus when the thrombosis first occurred, but one fulfilled the criteria for systemic lupus erythematosus 3 years later. At presentation all had symptoms suggestive of pulmonary embolism and evidence of an autoimmune disease: Addison's disease in one, anti-DNA or antinuclear antibodies in all three, and a positive Coombs' test in two. Two of the three gave a false-positive test for syphilis. In the patient with systemic lupus erythematosus recurrent thrombocytopenia and severe haemolytic anaemia necessitated splenectomy. A child should be tested for lupus anticoagulant or anticardiolipin antibody if venous or arterial occlusion occurs without a known predisposing cause, or if there is pulmonary embolism or symptoms or laboratory findings suggestive of a connective tissue disease.
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PMID:Venous thrombosis associated with lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies. 314 18

A 16-year-old girl developed right middle cerebral artery infarction and deep venous thrombosis of the lower extremities in association with circulating lupus-like anticoagulant. Currently, she is functionally independent with no further vascular insults and is being treated with sodium warfarin. This patient illustrates that cerebral ischemia can occur in association with lupus anticoagulant in the pediatric population. This entity should be considered and appropriate screening tests performed in young patients with unexplained ischemic stroke or transient ischemic attack.
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PMID:Ischemic stroke in a girl with lupus anticoagulant. 314 70

Rapid development of low density bilateral lesions in the brain due to deep venous thrombosis in Systemic Lupus Erythematosis is described. To the best of our knowledge, this type of symmetry, distribution and appearance of brain infarcts in CT due to deep venous thrombosis has not been reported previously.
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PMID:CT demonstration of brain infarcts due to deep venous thrombosis in systemic lupus erythematosus. 317 76

We describe a family afflicted with striking clinical and serologic autoimmune features. The mother and maternal uncle of a patient with neonatal lupus had rheumatic disease manifestations. All three had Ro antibodies (SS-A) in their sera, as well as La antibody (SS-B). The 17-year-old mother developed postpartum inflammatory monoarthritis of the right knee and had a positive lupus band test. The uncle at the age of 26 developed a fulminant disease most consistent with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE); initial manifestations were myocardial infarction, deep vein thrombosis, and the nephrotic syndrome. Although it is known that mothers of neonatal lupus infants can develop SLE postpartum, the development of severe disease in the maternal uncle suggests the relevance of identifying seropositive relatives of individuals with neonatal lupus.
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PMID:Neonatal lupus erythematosus, multiple thromboses, and monoarthritis in a family with Ro antibody. 387 15

Antibodies to cardiolipin, closely related to the 'lupus anticoagulant', are strongly implicated in the pathogenesis of thrombosis. We record six patients, all with high titres of these antibodies (greater than SD) in serum, who developed recurrent vascular occlusions six to 12 weeks after warfarin withdrawal. Five of the six had deep vein thrombosis, while the sixth suffered a myocardial infarction. To minimise the risk of 'recurrent' thrombosis it is strongly suggested that such patients remain on long-term anticoagulation, pending the reduction of high antibody levels.
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PMID:Anticardiolipin antibody, recurrent thrombosis, and warfarin withdrawal. 408 38

In a group of 10 women with circulating lupus anticoagulant 25 intrauterine deaths were previously documented in the nine multigravidae. The presence of lupus anticoagulant activity was confirmed by showing prolongation of the activated partial thromboplastin time and kaolin clotting time with failure of correction of the prolongation on incubation with normal plasma. A clinical diagnosis of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was made in four women. Three had deep vein thrombosis in pregnancy, one chorea gravidarum while two had only recurrent fetal losses. All the women had positive antinuclear antibody tests and blood platelet counts less than 175 X 10(9)/l. Anti-smooth muscle antibody and VDRL tests were each positive in half the patients; anti-DNA antibody was present in two patients with clinically active SLE. In six pregnancies correction of the activated partial thromboplastin and kaolin clotting time was attempted using prednisone (40-60 mg/day); aspirin, 75 mg/day, was added. Five live infants were obtained, four by spontaneous delivery, when the restoration of the clotting abnormalities to normal was achieved. In one woman presenting with extensive deep vein thrombosis a live infant was delivered following therapeutic doses of heparin and low dose aspirin. Maternal lupus anticoagulant activity has major implications for pregnancy and should be excluded in women with a clinical suspicion of SLE, a positive antinuclear antibody test, thrombotic episodes, biologically false-positive VDRL and unexplained late or repetitive early fetal losses.
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PMID:Lupus anticoagulant in pregnancy. 642 2

The marked difference in acoustic impedance between bone and other adjacent soft tissues prohibits sonography from imaging internal architecture of joints and bones. Despite this, ultrasound is very useful in the assessment of many problems encountered in rheumatological practice. Sonography is unexcelled in its capability to rapidly distinguish between popliteal cysts and deep venous thrombosis. Additionally, ultrasound can readily evaluate synovial cysts occurring in unusual locations such as those presenting as a soft tissue mass in the thigh or arm. Because it is noninvasive, sonography is ideal in assessing patients with renal failure. This has been found to be extremely useful in patients who have systemic lupus erythematosus. Echocardiography and organ imaging capabilities are also useful in certain subgroups of patients with rheumatological diseases.
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PMID:Sonography in rheumatology. 660 27

We describe deep venous thrombosis and a circulating anticoagulant in a male adolescent with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). The association of deep vein thrombosis with SLE in a pediatric patient has not, to our knowledge, been previously reported. The circulating anticoagulant was characterized as a lupus-type inhibitor. This was demonstrated by an abnormal partial thromboplastin time (PTT), the failure of the PTT to correct with the addition of an equal amount of normal plasma, and a positive tissue thromboplastin inhibitor test. Physicians should be aware that a circulating anticoagulant can be associated with SLE and that there may be a paradoxically increased incidence of thromboembolic phenomena in patients with this abnormality.
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PMID:Deep venous thrombosis and a circulating anticoagulant in systemic lupus erythematosus. 721 77

The clinical relevance of antiphospholipid antibodies (APLA) in patients without systemic lupus erythematosus who have venous thromboembolism (VTE) in unknown. Limited evidence suggests that there is an association between the presence of APLA and both initial and recurrent episodes of VTE and that patients with APLA and VTE are resistant to warfarin therapy. Unselected patients with a first episode of clinically suspected deep vein thrombosis or pulmonary embolism were evaluated with objective tests for VTE and with laboratory tests for APLA; the latter included tests for the lupus anticoagulant (LA) and anticardiolipin antibodies (ACLA). Patients with VTE were treated with anticoagulant therapy and observed during and after discontinuation of anticoagulants for symptomatic recurrence of VTE. There was a strong association between LA and VTE (odds ratio, 9.4; 95% confidence interval [CI], 2.1 to 46.2) and 9 to 65 (14%; 95% CI, 7% to 25%) patients with VTE had LA. There was no association between the presence of ACLA and VTE (odds ratio, 0.7; 95%CI, 0.3 to 1.7) because of the high frequency of positive ACLA assays in patients without VTE. None of the 16 patients with VTE and APLA developed recurrent VTE while receiving warfarin therapy. There was no difference in rates of recurrent VTE in patients with or without APLA after anticoagulant therapy was discontinued. The strong association between LA and VTE suggests that testing for LA in patients with VTE is useful. The measurement of ACLA in patients with VTE has no clinical usefulness because the results are abnormal in a high proportion of patients without VTE. Although the presence of APLA in patients with VTE was not associated with resistance to a conventional intensity of warfarin or an increased risk of recurrent VTE after discontinuation of warfarin, a larger study should address these issues in a subgroup of patients with VTE and LA.
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PMID:Antiphospholipid antibodies and venous thromboembolism. 757 34


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