Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The majority (about 75%) of patients who suffer from acute pancreatitis do so as a consequence of gallstones or alcohol abuse. The other 25% of patients often present difficult diagnostic problems. Over several years the author has accumulated a series of patients with remedial causes of pancreatitis. They include a group of congenital conditions such as pancreas divisum, choledochal cysts and congenital abnormalities of the pancreatic ductal system. Patients who have had pancreatitis and who have an intact gallbladder often have stones that are difficult to identify. Repeated attacks of pancreatitis in the absence of any other apparent cause justifies cholecystectomy, which will often identify the cause so that recurrence can be prevented. A group of nonanatomic causes are also known. They include hyperlipidemia, drugs and toxins, certain systemic illnesses such as systemic lupus erythematosus, pregnancy, hypercalcemia, hereditary causes and occasionally cancer. In his lecture the author reviews the various etiologies of acute pancreatitis and describes an algorithm that can be used when the diagnosis is difficult.
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PMID:Recurrent acute pancreatitis--rarely idiopathic: 1989 Du Pont lecture. 226 8

A case of spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Pasteurella multocida in a 12 year old boy with previously undiscovered cirrhosis of the liver is reported. This case is discussed and related to eight published cases of spontaneous peritonitis caused by Pasteurella multocida in adults, seven with cirrhosis of the liver and/or alcohol abuse, and one with systemic lupus erythematosus complicated by membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. It would appear that spontaneous bacterial peritonitis caused by Pasteurella multocida is not confined to adults with a history of alcohol abuse or cirrhosis of the liver, but can also affect children with non-alcoholic cirrhosis of the liver.
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PMID:Isolation of Pasteurella multocida in a patient with spontaneous peritonitis and liver cirrhosis. 374 56

Blood glutathione-peroxidase (GSH-Px) was determined in 61 healthy subjects and 506 patients with various skin disorders. Depressed levels were observed in patients with psoriasis, eczema, atopic dermatitis, vasculitis, mycosis fungoides and dermatitis herpetiformis. Low values of GSH-Px were also found in some patients with pemphigoid, acne conglobata, polymyositis, rheumatoid arthritis, scleroderma and systemic lupus erythematodes. Vegetarian diet, malnutrition and alcohol abuse could possibly account for the low values in some patients. Fifty patients with low GSH-Px levels were treated with tablets containing 0.2 mg selenium as Na2SeO3 and 10 mg tocopheryl succinate. The GSH-Px levels increased slowly within 6-8 weeks of treatment. The clinical effect was encouraging and calls for controlled studies.
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PMID:Blood glutathione-peroxidase levels in skin diseases: effect of selenium and vitamin E treatment. 617 60

In a population of 716 patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), 46 patients (6.4%) were identified as having pancreatitis. Pancreatitis was significantly more common in those with alcohol abuse, systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), and polycystic kidney disease. It was not significantly associated with hyperlipidemia, biliary tract disease, or hypercalcemia. Acute pancreatitis occurring before the patient developed ESRD was mainly alcohol-related and did not appear to be a significant risk factor for future episodes of pancreatitis during dialysis. Chronic calcific pancreatitis diagnosed before ESRD was almost invariably due to alcohol abuse, and tended to be a marker for recurrent acute exacerbation after development of ESRD, whether alcohol consumption continued or not. Pancreatitis occurring for the first time after ESRD in patients on dialysis was generally benign, and was usually accompanied by an uneventful recovery and few recurrent episodes. However, a significant elevation of the calcium x phosphate product was observed in these patients, occurring in about half the patients without any known precipitating factor. After kidney transplantation, the development of pancreatitis was associated with higher morbidity and mortality. Chronic calcific pancreatitis diagnosed after ESRD occurred only in patients with SLE; reported here for the first time, it may be a manifestation of long-standing disease, chronic steroid therapy, or both.
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PMID:Pancreatitis in patients with end-stage renal disease. 830 63

Only 15 cases of any etiology of Neisseria meningitidis peritonitis have been reported in the world literature since the first case in 1917. We report the first case in a continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) patient presenting with abdominal pain and cloudy peritoneal dialysis fluid. A lumbar puncture was normal. The patient died despite therapy with ceftriaxone. Autopsy confirmed this was a case of primary N. meningitidis peritonitis. Of the 15 cases of N. meningitidis reported as a cause of peritonitis, 9 patients were less than age 35 with no underlying diseases. Five cases were associated with cirrhosis or alcohol abuse. Two cases were associated with meningitis, and 1 patient was on steroid therapy for systemic lupus erythematosus. Nine of 15 patients recovered. In conclusion, N. meningitidis should be considered as another rare cause of peritonitis in patients on CAPD.
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PMID:Neisseria meningitidis peritonitis in a CAPD patient: first case report and review of the literature. 853 96

The prevalence of lifetime psychiatric disorders was investigated among all known systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients in Iceland. The participation rate was 81%. Over 49% of the subjects received a lifetime psychiatric diagnosis. The number of diagnoses per person was 2.3. The most common disorder among those with a disorder was phobia (56%), followed by generalized anxiety (12%). Agoraphobia with and without panic, simple, social phobia, and alcohol abuse were found to be more common among the SLE patients in comparison with a population sample (p < 0.02; p < 0.0001; p < 0.001; p < 0.0001; p < 0.05, respectively). A possible explanation of the high rate of phobia may be related to the nature of clinical disfiguring facial skin rashes which may lead to social withdrawal.
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PMID:Psychiatric disorders among subjects with systemic lupus erythematosus in an unselected population. 861 Feb 18

Antiphospholipid antibodies (APAs) have been reported in various clinical conditions. However, the pathogenesis and clinical significance of these antibodies are still unclear. The objective of this study was to assess the prevalence of APAs in patients with chronic alcohol- or hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related liver disease and to evaluate their relation to the underlying liver disease. We prospectively studied 201 patients referred to an hepato-gastroenterology department, including 77 patients with a history of alcohol abuse (group I) and 124 with chronic HCV infection (group II), and 107 healthy subjects (control population). Liver biopsy was performed in all patients. In cirrhotic patients, the severity of the liver disease was assessed with the use of Child's classification, as modified by Pugh. Several biologic parameters, including lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibodies, were determined. Forty-eight percent of patients in group I and 33% of those in group II had APAs. Among cirrhotic patients, APAs were more frequent in patients with Child grade B or C than in those with grade A severity. In patients with chronic HCV-related liver disease, a correlation was found between APA levels and liver fibrosis (P = 0.009); no relation was found between APA levels and histologic liver disease activity (P = 0.25). In the control group, one subject was APA-positive. None had lupus anticoagulant. APAs seem to be frequently associated with chronic liver disease of various causes. These results suggest further investigations on the potential role of these antibodies in fibrosis or liver injury.
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PMID:Prevalence of antiphospholipid antibodies in patients with chronic liver disease related to alcohol or hepatitis C virus: correlation with liver injury. 952 48

Streptococcus pneumoniae is an uncommonly recognized etiology of cellulitis in adults. A review of the literature uncovered 30 cases of pneumococcal skin infection in adults. Typically, all patients with pneumococcal cellulitis had an underlying chronic illness, or were immunocompromised by drug or alcohol abuse. Pneumococcal cellulitis presents as two distinctive clinical syndromes: one with extremity involvement in individuals with diabetes and substance abuse; and a second involving the head, neck and upper torso in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosis, nephrotic syndrome and hematologic disorders. For each there are statistically significant associations between the location of pneumococcal cellulitis and underlying clinical disorders. In contrast to other common bacterial etiologies, pneumococcal cellulitis is frequently associated with blood stream invasion, tissue necrosis and suppurative complications. Patients often require surgical interventions and prolonged hospitalizations. A high degree of suspicion and early aggressive management is needed for those presenting with cellulitis characterized by bullae and violaceous color.
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PMID:Clinical syndromes associated with adult pneumococcal cellulitis. 1082 96

Two hundred twenty-eight hips in 187 patients with avascular necrosis of the femoral head were treated with vascularized fibular transplant from March 1989 to March 2000. The etiologic factors associated with the disease included corticosteroids in 84 patients (44%; 101 hips, trauma in 25 patients (13%; 29 hips), alcohol abuse in 24 patients (12%; 28 hips), and 41 hips (18%) were classified as idiopathic. Systemic disorders, including systemic lupus erythematosus, sickle cell anemia, inflammatory bowel disease, pregnancy, and dysbaric disease were observed in 12, nine, four, three, and one hip(s), respectively. Of the 228 hips operated on, 184 hips (152 patients) were assessed postoperatively with followup ranging from 1 to 10 years (mean, 4.7 years). Using the Steinberg classification system, 39 hips (21%) were in Stage II; 45 hips (25%) were in Stage II; 77 hips (42%) were in Stage IV; and 23 hips (12%) were in Stage V. Of the 184 hips treated, 101 (54%) remained stable postoperatively, whereas 69 (38%) had progression, and 14 hips (8%) were converted to total hip arthroplasty. Of the 69 hips that had progression, 44 (64%) did not progress until 6 to 10 years after the procedure, whereas 25 (36%) progressed within the first 5 years postoperatively. The best results were obtained in patients with Stage II osteonecrosis in whom 95% of the hips did not progress postoperatively. In contrast, only 39% of the hips in patients with Stage V osteonecrosis remained stable. Preoperative and postoperative clinical evaluation using the Harris hip score showed an increase from 85 to 96 points in hips with Stage II disease; from 74 to 91 points in hips with Stage III disease; from 69 to 85 points in hips with Stage IV disease; and from 61 to 76 in hips with Stage V disease. The current results show that the vascularized fibular graft is an excellent procedure for the precollapse stages and a valuable alternative for patients with Stages III, IV, and V of the disease.
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PMID:Treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head with vascularized fibular transplant. 1134 25

A 58-year-old patient presented with both annular and polycyclic as well as vesicular lesions. Histology revealed an interface dermatitis with focal hyperkeratosis and subepidermal blistering. Antinuclear antibodies were elevated (1 : 1280) and autoantibodies against Ro-SS-A were found. Based on these findings we made a diagnosis of subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus (SCLE) with blister formation. Additionally, we diagnosed porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) triggered by alcohol abuse. Treatment with systemic corticosteroids and low-dose hydroxy-chloroquine led to rapid resolution of the skin changes. SCLE with blister formation is a rare cause of bullous skin eruptions and has to be distinguished from bullous autoimmune diseases as well as from bullous SLE. Recognition of concomitant PCT, which may be associated with all forms of LE, is especially important because of the therapeutic implications, since a reduced dosage of antimalarials is required.
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PMID:Subacute cutaneous lupus erythematosus with bullae associated with porphyria cutanea tarda. 1733 97


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