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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Those caring for children should recognize that cutaneous findings are common in children with host defense defects. Atopic dermatitis, recurrent or persistent pyodermas, candidiasis and lupus-like syndromes, should signal the possibility of host defense deficiencies. Particularly the findings of atopic dermatitis and recurrent skin abscesses should alert the clinician to determine serum IgE levels and neutrophil chemotaxis in such patients. The triad of generalized seborrheic dermatitis, failure to thrive, and diarrhea in an infant should bring to mind Leiner disease or severe combined immunodeficiency disease.
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PMID:Cutaneous manifestations of defective host defenses. 32 7

An overview of dermatological diseases which occur in conjunction with oral contraceptive (o.c.) use is presented. An increase in pigmentation during o.c. use is attributed to an increase in the binding of cortisol with transcortin caused by the estrogen component, which leads to an increase in melanin-stimulating hormone production. Sebum production is decreased during o.c. use, which has a beneficial effect in cases of acne and seborrhea oleosa. This effect is most pronounced with preparations containing chlormadinon acetate, which has an antiandrogenic effect. O.C. use can influence hair growth by disturbing the balance between anagenic and telogenic hairs. Androgenetic alopecia is most often caused by preparations containing nortestosterone. Peroral dermatitits, lupus erythmatodes visceralis and similar disorders, and allergic skin reactions have been observed among o.c. users. Porphyria cutanea tarda is generally found in young women in conjunction with o.c. use, which can be related to liver dysfunctions. Vaginal candidosis is also more frequently found among o.c. users, particularly in conjunction with combination preparations. Herpes gestationes can occur during o.c. use, mainly among women who developed it during pregnancy. Progesterone appears to be responsible for provoking the condition. 166 patients who developed dermatological disorders during o.c. use were studied according to the preparation each used. Acne vulgaris improved more frequently among Ovosiston users. A marked increase in vaginal fluor indicated an increase in trichomoniasis and candida mycosis. In all observed cases of porphyria cutanea tarda, liver damage (hepatitis, cyrrhosis, or fatty liver) could be ascertained.
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PMID:[Reactions and side effects of ovulation inhibitors on the skin]. 72 69

The butterfly rash and malar flush are common facial manifestations of several disorders. Systemic lupus erythematosus may produce a transient rash before any other signs. In pellagra, symmetric keratotic areas on the face are always accompanied by lesions elsewhere on the body. Erysipelas produces brawny, fiery red facial lesions, and scarlet fever causes facial eruptions as part of a generalized eruption. Lupus vulgaris and lupus pernio produce nodules that may spread in a butterfly pattern, and seborrheic dermatitis has a predilection for the malar prominences and other areas of the face. Carcinoid syndrome often causes flushing attacks that vary in duration, and facial flushing that lasts throughout treatment may accompany chemotherapy if the patient has a hypersensitivity reaction. Deep-red rashes and/or lichenoid lesions may be caused by graft-versus-host disease in a patient undergoing bone marrow transplantation.
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PMID:The butterfly rash and the malar flush. What diseases do these signs reflect? 183 28

Cutaneous eruptions are commonly seen in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Seborrheic dermatitis in this patient population is usually more severe and difficult to diagnose and treat. The butterfly distribution of the rash and the interpretation of the biopsy may suggest a diagnosis of discoid lupus erythematosus, unless the pathologist is aware of the underlying immunodeficiency. We present two cases of patients with documented acquired immunodeficiency syndrome whose initial biopsies were interpreted as discoid lupus but whose cutaneous seborrheic dermatitis actually paralleled human immunodeficiency virus disease activity.
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PMID:Seborrheic dermatitis in acquired immunodeficiency syndrome. 183 39

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) was diagnosed in a 2-year-old Standardbred filly. Clinical signs of SLE included weight loss, bilateral symmetric alopecia, seborrhea, oral ulceration, and lymphadenopathy. Abnormal laboratory findings included a Coombs test-positive hemolytic anemia and positive antinuclear antibody test result. Histologic evaluation of multiple skin biopsy specimens revealed interface dermatitis with linear deposition of IgG at the basement membrane zones of the epidermis and hair follicles. The filly did not respond to glucocorticoid treatment and was euthanatized. Necropsy findings included membranous glomerulonephritis and fibrous synovitis. On the basis of these findings, SLE should be considered in the differential diagnosis of immune-mediated skin disease in horses. Definitive diagnosis of SLE relies on recognition of multisystemic disease and confirmatory histopathologic and immunopathologic findings.
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PMID:Systemic lupus erythematosus in a filly. 227 81

Hippocrates (460-375 BC) was the first to describe cutaneous ulcers under the heading of herpes esthiomenos. From what we can tell, Herbernus of Tours was the first to apply the term lupus to a skin disease in 916 AD. Following this, a number of terms including lupus, noli me tangere, and herpes esthiomenos were used to describe cutaneous ulcers. Willan (1757-1812) expanded the classification of skin diseases using the term herpes for vesicular diseases and lupus for destructive and ulcerative diseases of the face. The first clear description of lupus erythematosus was by Biett and was reported by his student Cazenave under the term erythema centrifugum in 1833. In 1846 Hebra, under the name of Seborrhea Congestiva described disc-shaped patches and introduced the butterfly simile for the malar rash. In 1851 Cazenave renamed erythema centrifugum, calling it lupus erythematosus and gave a classic description of discoid lupus erythematosus. In 1872 Kaposi subdivided lupus into the discoid and systemic forms and introduced the concept of systemic disease with a potentially fatal outcome. Hutchinson alluded to the photosensitive nature of the rash and may have provided the earliest description of what is now called annular subacute cutaneous lupus. In 1894 Payne used quinine in the treatment of patients with LE and postulated the presence of a vascular disturbance. In 1902, Sequira and Balean published a large series of patients with discoid and systemic LE and provided clinical and pathologic details of a young woman who died of glomerulonephritis. In 1904, Jadassohn published an exhaustive review of discoid and systemic LE, including clinical features and pathologic findings. Between 1895 and 1904 Sir William Osler published 29 cases of what was termed the erythema group of diseases. Perhaps his major contribution was to show that skin diseases could be accompanied by a variety of systemic manifestations. In retrospect most of his patients suffered from diseases other than SLE and it was only in his 1904 paper that two cases with SLE were described. He did not acknowledge this diagnosis in his cases and we share the viewpoint that his contribution to the study of SLE has been overemphasized.
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PMID:The history of lupus erythematosus. From Hippocrates to Osler. 304 83

Adolescents constitute a particular group of patients because of their young age and incomplete or erroneous knowledge of contraception and reproduction. The physical condition of a young girl and the medical history of her close relatives must be assessed in the contraception consultation. In the absence of obvious contraindications such as hypertension, diabetes, hypercholesterolemia or renal insufficiency, oral contraceptives (OCs) are most often indicated, whether or not the menstrual cycle is well established. It has been demonstrated that the hypothalamus resumes its previous activity when OC use is discontinued. Standard-dosed combined OCs are usually recommended, because low-dose formulations do not always sufficiently block the hypothalamus and may induce a state of relative hyperestrogenism. Girls with benign breast disease or whose mothers have histories of breast cancer may benefit from the antigonadotropic properties of a 19-nortestosterone derivative progestin administered from the 8th to the 25th cycle days. Some 19-nortestosterone derivatives can cause seborrhea, acne, or hair loss. Sequential OCs may be indicated at this age for temporary use in exceptional cases. Low-dose progestins are not completely effective and cause worrisome menstrual problems. In cases of renal insufficiency, lupus, or hypertension, derivatives of 17-OH progesterone can be used. Cyproterone acetate is indicated for adolescents with hirsutism. Barrier methods are not used by adolescents as often as the less reliable but simpler ovules or jellies. The diaphragm with jelly or the condom correctly used are the most reliable, but they have a bad reputation. Information campaigns have successfully promoted use in some countries. IUDs are strongly contraindicated for all young girls because of increased risks of infection and sexually transmitted diseases. In extreme necessity they may be used for mentally ill adolescents unable to use any other method.
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PMID:[Contraceptive methods for adolescents]. 385 20

Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is not uncommon in Thai children and adults but neonatal lupus erythematosus has never been reported in Thailand. A case of NLE born of a mother without prior history of SLE was reported. He was initially misdiagnosed as congenital self-healing histiocytosis because of seborrheic dermatitis-like lesions, petechiae, hepatosplenomegaly and thrombocytopenia. Features supporting the diagnosis of NLE in this case were presented.
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PMID:Neonatal lupus erythematosus in Thailand. 782 97

A case of concurrent canine systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and generalized bacterial infection in a six-year-old female Beauceron is reported. The dog presented with purulent nasal and ocular discharges, skin lesions (including seborrhea, hyperkeratotic areas, and papules as well as ecchymoses around the eyes, on both sides of the pinnae, and on the vulva), generalized lymph node enlargement, a mitral murmur, and lameness. Later, facial swelling, a retrobulbar abscess, and a cough also developed. Occurrence of a generalized bacterial infection was established by culture of group-C, beta-hemolytic Streptococcus from the throat, the mouth, a biopsy site (popliteal lymph node area), the retrobulbar abscess, and the lung. The diagnosis of SLE was based on the clinical signs and particularly on the occurrence of antinuclear antibody (ANA) and antidoublestranded-desoxyribonucleic acid (ds-DNA) antibody. Interestingly, the latter type of antibodies were also detected in two young female puppies whelped by this dog. Salient histological findings included an extreme cell depletion of the lymph nodes and spleen and severe pneumonitis and peribronchiolitis. The results of this case indicate that a definite diagnosis of canine SLE can, at times, be made on the basis of the presence of serum ANA and ds-DNA antibodies.
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PMID:Nonresponsive generalized bacterial infection associated with systemic lupus erythematosus in a Beauceron. 1033 60

Malar rash and photosensitivity are common findings in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). However, a number of inflammatory, dermatologic, infectious or drug-induced conditions may mimic cutaneous findings of SLE. These typically include seborrheic dermatitis, contact dermatitis, rosacea, polymorphous light eruption, syphilis and dermatomyositis sine myositis. Herein we describe a patient with fever, malar rash, alopecia, photosensitivity, arthralgias and lymphadenopathy who was subsequently diagnosed with secondary syphilis. In this case report we review clinical and histopathological findings in the differential diagnosis of malar rash and photosensitivity and discuss the overlapping features of syphilis and SLE.
Lupus 2001
PMID:Lues and lupus: syphilis mimicking systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). 1134 Nov 8


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