Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The rheology of the blood was studied in 20 patients with Raynaud syndrome. Sixteen patients had scleroderma, two had nonspecific angiitis, one had systemic lupus erythematosus, and one had Raynaud disease. Viscosity measurements were performed on whole blood, plasma, and suspensions of 45% red blood cells (RBCs). In autologous plasma, over a wide range of shear rates. The relative viscosity, an index of RBC aggregation, was obtained by dividing the RBC viscosity in autologous plasma (at a hematocrit value of 45%) by the plasma viscosity. Concentrations of the plasma globulins and fibrinogen were also measured. The mean plasma viscosity was significantly (P less than .01) elevated over established normal controls. The mean RBC viscosity and the relative viscosity were significantly (P less than .01) elevated over normal controls, as were fibrinogen and the globulins. These studies demonstrate increased blood viscosity and red blood cell aggregation, which may constitute an important hindrance to flow.
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PMID:Blood viscosity, plasma proteins, and Raynaud syndrome. 5 42

A young woman with mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) had an isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy as an early manifestation of the disease. Raynaud phenomenon occurred almost synchronously with the onset of trigeminal neuropathy and was followed by myositis, diffuse hand swelling, synovitis, and increased ribonucleoprotein antibody. Mixed connective tissue disease has overlapping features of systemic lupus erythematosus, scleroderma, and polymyositis, and is differentiated from them by high-titer antibody to ribonucleoprotein.
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PMID:Isolated trigeminal sensory neuropathy: early manifestation of mixed connective tissue disease. 21 41

Five children with Sharp syndrome are described presenting a non-erosive polyarthritis, hand and finger swelling, Raynaud phenomenon, myositis, dermatomyositis or SLE-like rash. Characteristic laboratory findings are, apart from elevated sedimentation rate, anemia and leucopenia, high titer IgM rheumatoid factors and antinuclear antibodies (ANA). The latter show speckled pattern, contain IgG, bind complement components and are directed against ribonuclease-sensitive nuclear antigens. All patients have antibodies against the so-called extractable nuclear antigens (Anti-ENA) and antibodies against ribonucleoproteins (Anti-RNP). Since children with Sharp syndrome rarely show renal or cerebral involvement, the prognosis seems to be fairly good.
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PMID:[Juvenile Sharp syndrome (mixed connective tissue disease)]. 30 64

Antibodies to soluble ribonucleoprotein (sRNP) are by definition a prerequisite for the diagnosis mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). They are also found in 30--40% of other rheumatic conditions with a high titred speckled IFL reaction. The same is true for the most characteristic clinical features of MCTD, viz. Raynaud's syndrome and polymyositis--polymyalgia. The serological and clinical symptoms mentioned are closely associated. An association between anti-Sm and the SLE symptoms butterfly erythema, nephropathia, other visceropathias and cerebrovascular disease is confirmed by the present study. Although anti-Sm has less diagnostic specificity for SLE than has anti-ds-DNA, it is useful as a diagnostic aid in SLE cases lacking the latter antibody. The results of the present study tend to support the hypothesis that anti-sRNP may be associated with a prophylactive effect against serious vasculitis and nephropathia. When anti-sRNP and anti-Sm occur together they seem to act competitively so that the symptom associated with the antibody having the highest titre tends to dominate the clinical picture. Both anti-sRNP and anti-Sm produce speckled nuclear patterns in the indirect immunofluorescence test. Sera with immunofluorescence titres below 1/25 were not found to react against either sRNP or Sm. On the other hand all sera tested that had a speckled IFL reaction greater than or equal to 1/800 also had anti-sRNP.
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PMID:Symptomatology and diagnosis in connective tissue disease. II. Evaluations and follow-up examinations in consequence of a speckled antinuclear immunofluorescence pattern. 36 40

Lupus erythematodes is related to the vegetative nervous system in Raynaud's disease, the butterfly distribution in the face, the involvement of the lateral part of the eyebrows (Hertoghe) and in cerebral attacks. Involvement of peripheral and central animal nervous systems is common and produces primary and secondary syndromes. Prominent are polymyositis or lupus-myopathy, in the brain mainly functional psychoses, epileptiform attacks, and a variety of focal, often very massive, signs. There are very clear differences from the neurologic signs of dermatomyositis, less so from arteritis nodosa and even less from progressive sclerodermia. Peripheral neurologic syndromes in lupus erythematosus are less common and more subtle than in arteritis nodosa. Bio-electric parameters of the petitmal-trias have been found. The relative absence of collagenoses from the spinal cord is also noticed in lupus erythematosus. Signs of involvement here appear to be limited and often subacute. Differential diagnosis has to consider many neurologic diseases, a special problem when MS is simulated just as in sclerodermia. Since cerbral attacks appear early in about 5%, the use of anticonvulsive drugs, particularly of the hydantoin group, provides special problems. Signs of myasthenia demand further attention. The neuropathologic changes are known in essential points and can obviously hardly be mistaken for inflammatory processes due to other causes. Certain basic facts appear to apply to other collagenoses. All 4 "grand" or "classic" collagen diseases are very similar and have much in common, but also show more or less definite differences. This is true for their clinical and anatomical appearance and last but not least to their neurologic aspects. The "roof-concept" of Collagenosis" is once more proved to be justified. As far as is known today the autonomic system plays a decisive and obligatory role only is sclerodermia. This syndrome is also the only one which contains the odd phenomenon of atrophy of which the best-known form is facial hemia-atrophy.
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PMID:[Erythematodes and nervous system (author's transl)]. 58 95

Seven cases with aseptic necrosis in lupus disseminatus are presented being 9.70 per cent of 72 patients with confirmed systemic lupus, observed in the cours of 20 years. Six cases with lupus disseminatus are concerned--acute and subacute paroxysm a course and one case with chronic skin form--discoid lupus, complicated in the course of its evolution with aseptic necrosis of the right head of the femur. The cause for detection of the bone lesions in the cases presented, was the pain, especially manifested with the necrosis localized in the supporting bones of the lower limbs. The analysis of the state of the patients with systemic lupus reveals that all cases, are severe forms of the disease with multiorgan involvement, febrile reactions and the presence of vascular phenomena--Raynaud syndrome, coronary and cerebral arteriitis. High doses of corticosteroid preparations were used in the treatment of the disease due to its lasting progress (paroxysms of 8--12 months).
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PMID:[Aseptic bone necrosis in lupus disease]. 71 75

Sera with an antinuclear immunofluorescence titre of 1/000 were taken consecutively from the diagnostic routine flow and examined for agglutinating antibodies against desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and extractable nuclear antigens (ENA). Passive haemagglutination tests with antigen-coated tanned erythrocytes were used and the specificity of the reactions was corroborated by testing against enzyme-treated cells. After the exclusion of the DNA-reacting 15%, three major groups and one minor could be distinguished on a serological basis. The largest group (41%) contained cases with a speckled immunofluorescence pattern and a RNase-trypsin sensitive agglutination reaction with ENA coated cells (sRNP). Nearly all cases of mixed connective tissue disease and scleroderma fell into this group which also contained 44% of the SLE cases. Symptomatically the group was characterized by remarkably high incidences of Raynaud's syndrome and myositis. The major group next in size comprised cases with a homogeneous immunofluorescence pattern but no reaction against DNA or ENA. Half of the cases within this group had the diagnosis SLE; they also constituted 42% of all SLE cases. The only other diagnosis of significant frequency within the group was unspecified collagenosis (23%). The symptomatology of the group was rather uncharacteristic, with the exception of the low incidence of Raynaud's syndrome. The third major group comprised cases with a speckled immunofluorescence pattern but no agglutination reaction against ENA or DNA. This group had a very high incidence of rheumatoid factor and also the highest incidence of visceral lesions among the groups. Yet the group contained only a small proportion (14%) of the SLE cases and the rheumatoid arthritis cases were about equally shared between this and the first group. The most common diagnosis in the group was unspecified collagenosis (40%). A fourth, small but homogeneous group contained cases with a speckled immunofluorescence pattern and a reaction with Sm antigen, i.e. an enzyme-resistant agglutination reaction with ENA. Six cases in this group had the diagnosis SLE. No diagnosis was available in two cases.
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PMID:Symptomatology and diagnosis in connective tissue disease. Antibodies to extractable ribonucleoprotein in 123 patients reacting with cell nuclei in the immunofluorescence test. 79 May 56

Indirect immunofluorescent tests were employed to study antinuclear antibodies (ANA) of the IgD class in sera from patients with autoimmune disease. In sera containing IgG-ANA, IgD-ANA was detected in 48% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 37% with rheumatoid arthritis, 30% with Raynaud's disease, 23% with systemic scleroderma and 20% with discoid lupus erythematosus. Quantitative comparison of serum IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD between IgG-ANA-positive sera with and without IgD-ANA revealed that patients with IgD-ANA also had elevated serum IgA levels. The detection of IgD-ANA in over 36% of the patient population suggests that IgD may play a role in autoimmune disorders.
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PMID:Structure and biological functions of human IgD. VII. IgD antinuclear antibodies in sera of patients with autoimmune disorders. 79 66

The progression from discoid lupus erythematosus (DLE) to severe systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is rare. Two patients with DLE for five and 10 years eventually developed systemic involvement with clinical features of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD). Both patients had high titer serum antibody to ribonucleoprotein (RNP) and epidermal nuclear staining on direct immunofluorescence of normal skin. Neither patient had renal disease but one patient developed pulmonary involvement. This observation suggests that patients with DLE and the Raynaud phenomenon may have a connective tissue disease subset characterized by anti-RNP, the immunologic marker for MCTC.
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PMID:Conversion of discoid lupus erythematosus to mixed connective tissue disease. 88 92

A new and distinct rheumatic disease with features of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), progressive systemic sclerosis and polymyositis is described. Typical symptons are Raynaud's syndrome, swollen hands and fingers, polyarthritis or polyarthralgia and myositis. Other symptoms are less common and include skin lesions, decreased pulmonary diffusing capacity, diminished esophageal motility, lymphadenopathy, and polyserositis. The diagnosis of mixed connective tissue disease (MCTD) can be established by demonstration of a high titer of antinuclear antibodies and antibodies against extractable nuclear antigen (anti-ENA). Both antibodies are directed against ribonuclease-sensitive antigen substrate, which permits differentiation of patients with MCTD from those with other rheumatic diseases. A relatively favourable prognosis and a good response to corticoid medication are further characteristics of this disease. Three personally observed patients with MCTD are described.
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PMID:[The Sharp syndrome ("mixed connective tissue disease")]. 108 43


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