Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum levels of carrier proteins, transferrin, ceruloplasmin and albumin were determined in patients with rheumatic disorders, along with serum levels of acute phase proteins, ceruloplasmin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein and alpha 1-antitrypsin. Depressed levels of transferrin occurred in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Albumin was reduced in SLE and RA men. Acute phase reactants which are protective in inflammation were elevated in RA, osteoarthritis (OA), gout, pseudogout (PsG), and SLE. All of these rheumatic disorders show biochemical changes compatible with systemic inflammatory disease including gout and PsG which are considered local disorders and OA which is considered noninflammatory arthritis.
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PMID:Serum proteins--transferrin, ceruloplasmin, albumin, alpha 1-acid glycoprotein, alpha 1-antitrypsin--in rheumatic disorders. 31 26

Evidence favoring genetic predisposition to each of the major classes of rheumatic diseases is reviewed, including juvenile-onset rheumatoid arthritis, rheumatic fever, ankylosing spondylitis and other syndromes associated with spondylitis, adult-onset rheumatoid arthritis, gout and pseudogout, and systemic lupus erythematosus. In addition, simply inherited genetic diseases that may present with arthritis are noted for purposes of differential diagnosis. The importance of heterogeneous causes and mechanisms within each major class of disease is emphasized, both for patient care and for clinical investigation.
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PMID:Genetics of rheumatic diseases. 40 Aug 31

The synovial membrane histologic sections from patients with six common rheumatic diseases were reviewed without knowledge of the clinical diagnosis. After histopathologic evaluation, the synovial membrane characteristics were grouped according to the patient's clinical diagnosis, and included 29 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 13 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 17 with degenerative joint disease, 10 with acute bacterial arthritis, 8 with gout, and 13 with pseudogout. The only specific characteristics identified were bacteria (infectious arthritis), crystals (gout, pseudogout), and lymphoid follicles (rheumatoid arthritis). Nevertheless, other characteristic features of differential diagnostic utility were recognized, including the intensity and nature of synovial lining cell hyperplasia and of leukocyte infiltration. Light microscopic histopathologic changes in the common rheumatic diseases are not specific, but are of diagnostic utility. Complete and exhaustive review of each pathologic synovial membrane characteristic provides more justification for the routine use of synovial membrane biopsy as an adjunct to arthrocentesis in the evaluation of common rheumatic diseases.
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PMID:Synovial membrane histopathology in the differential diagnosis of rheumatoid arthritis, gout, pseudogout, systemic lupus erythematosus, infectious arthritis and degenerative joint disease. 64 92

The systematic examination of synovial fluid confirms the noninflammatory nature of degenerative joint disease, is diagnostic of gout, pseudogout, and septic arthritis, and will usually allow the identification of rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus and Reiter's syndrome.
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PMID:Current concepts in synovial fluid analysis. 72 54

Synovial fluids from 106 patients with various types of arthritis were examined for the presence of conversion products of C3 by means of crossed antigen-antibody electrophoresis and for products of factor B by immunoelectrophoresis. C3 conversion was found in all 15 fluids from patients with seropositive rheumatoid arthritis, in 11 of 15 with seronegative rheumatoid arthritis, in the majority with probable and possible rheumatoid arthritis, juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, SLE, pseudogout, gout, Reiter's syndrome, and frequently in other arthritides studied, but in only one of 15 with degenerative arthritis. In 53 synovial fluids a single C3 conversion peak was seen in addition to the native protein and in 18 others two conversion peaks were present. In many synovial fluids showing conversion whole-complement titers and C3 protein concentrations were normal. In both rheumatoid arthritis and crystal synovitis the per cent of C3 conversion, as estimated by planimetry, correlated with synovial fluid leukocyte counts, Factor B conversion was found in 31 fluids and usually occurred in fluids also showing C3 conversion. The findings indicate that in vivo activation of components of the classical and alternative considered mediated by immune complexes. Activation is also commonly present in a wide variety of other inflammatory arthritides and ofter would not be recognized by measuring only concentrations of hemolytic whole complement or C3 by immunodiffusion. The positive association between C3 conversion and synovial fluid polymorphonuclear leukocytes suggests that chemotactic factors generated from complement may be responsible for the attraction of leukocytes into the synovial space in these diseases.
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PMID:Activation of complement components C3 and factor B in synovial fluids. 83 Jul 76

Interferon (IFN) was sought in simultaneously obtained samples of synovial fluid (SF) and serum from patients with a variety of rheumatological diseases. IFN was identified in 11 of 84 samples of SF and 10 of 84 specimens of serum. IFN positive specimens were contributed by patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus erythematosus, seronegative spondyloarthropathies, pseudogout, coccidioidomycosis and unclassified arthritis. Significantly, IFN was frequently found either in SF or in serum but generally not in both of the simultaneously obtained fluids. The highest titers of IFN found in SF were from patients with RA.
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PMID:Interferon in synovial fluid and serum of patients with rheumatic disease. 619 96

Serum beta-endorphin levels have been determined in patients with a wide variety of rheumatic disorders as well as a group of healthy men and women controls. Normal levels of endorphin have been found in patients with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with rheumatoid arthritis, osteoarthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, gout, ankylosing spondylitis, pseudogout and psoriatic arthritis have diminished levels of endorphins. Speculation is offered to explain these changes. Perturbations in endorphins are postulated to be part of the organism's protective mechanism in inflammatory arthritis.
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PMID:Serum beta-endorphin in rheumatic disorders. 716 73

The objective of this study was to detect strengths and weaknesses in the diagnosis of rheumatic diseases by general practitioners in order to set up post-graduate training accordingly and to assess whether open-ended questions give results comparable with multiple choice-type questions. Fifty-one general practitioners were given eight written cases: rheumatoid arthritis (RA), ankylosing spondylitis (AS), reactive arthritis, psoriatic arthritis (PsA), systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), gout, polymyalgia rheumatica and pseudogout. Only signs and symptoms were provided. All cases were derived from real patients with a definite diagnosis. Each case was presented in both types of question formats. The cases were also presented to 23 rheumatologists. We found that in the open-ended question format 57.1% of the general practitioners gave the correct answers. Cases of RA, AS, gout and PsA were correctly diagnosed by > 70% of the general practitioners. Cases of polymyalgia rheumatica and reactive arthritis were correctly diagnosed by 55 and 39% of the general practitioners, respectively. The cases of pseudogout and SLE were correctly diagnosed by less than 11% of the general practitioners. Fifty-two per cent of the general practitioners gave the correct answers to the multiple choice-type questions. There was no statistical difference in the correct answers between the open-ended questions and the multiple choice-type questions. We concluded that assuming generalization of the results, training of general practitioners should include polymyalgia rheumatica, reactive arthritis, SLE and pseudogout.
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PMID:Assessing clinical competence: recognition of case descriptions of rheumatic diseases by general practitioners. 778 55

Six of seven patients with Lyme arthritis were positive by PCR. In contrast, all 18 synovial fluid samples from patients with other disorders, including rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthropathy, gout, pseudogout, hemarthrosis, degenerative joint disease, lupus, papillary synovitis, and trauma, were negative by PCR (P < 0.001, Lyme arthritis compared with controls, Fisher exact test). All 38 laboratory controls were negative by PCR. The assay reproducibly detected 20 or fewer B. burgdorferi cells directly or when added to extracted synovial fluid that was previously negative by PCR. Polymerase chain reaction was done four times with identical results, including analyses with both outer surface protein A primer sets.
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PMID:The persistence of spirochetal nucleic acids in active Lyme arthritis. 831 77

Most individuals seeking consultation at sports medicine clinics are young, healthy athletes with injuries related to a specific activity. However, these athletes may have other systemic pathologies, such as rheumatic diseases, that may initially mimic sports-related injuries. As rheumatic diseases often affect the musculoskeletal system, they may masquerade as traumatic or mechanical conditions. A systematic review of the literature found numerous case reports of athletes who presented with apparent mechanical low back pain, sciatica pain, hip pain, meniscal tear, ankle sprain, rotator cuff syndrome and stress fractures and who, on further investigation, were found to have manifestations of rheumatic diseases. Common systemic, inflammatory causes of these musculoskeletal complaints include ankylosing spondylitis (AS), gout, chondrocalcinosis, psoriatic enthesopathy and early rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Low back pain is often mechanical among athletes, but cases have been described where spondyloarthritis, especially AS, has been diagnosed. Neck pain, another common mechanical symptom in athletes, can be an atypical presentation of AS or early RA. Hip or groin pain is frequently related to injuries in the hip joint and its surrounding structures. However, differential diagnosis should be made with AS, RA, gout, psudeogout, and less often with haemochromatosis and synovial chondochromatosis. In athletes presenting with peripheral arthropathy, it is mandatory to investigate autoimmune arthritis (AS, RA, juvenile idiopathic arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus), crystal-induced arthritis, Lyme disease and pigmented villonodular synovitis. Musculoskeletal soft tissue disorders (bursitis, tendinopathies, enthesitis and carpal tunnel syndrome) are a frequent cause of pain and disability in both competitive and recreational athletes, and are related to acute injuries or overuse. However, these disorders may occasionally be a manifestation of RA, spondyloarthritis, gout and pseudogout. Effective management of athletes presenting with musculoskeletal complaints requires a structured history, physical examination, and definitive diagnosis to distinguish soft tissue problems from joint problems and an inflammatory syndrome from a non-inflammatory syndrome. Clues to a systemic inflammatory aetiology may include constitutional symptoms, morning stiffness, elevated acute-phase reactants and progressive symptoms despite modification of physical activity. The mechanism of injury or lack thereof is also a clue to any underlying disease. In these circumstances, more complete workup is reasonable, including radiographs, magnetic resonance imaging and laboratory testing for autoantibodies.
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PMID:Rheumatic diseases presenting as sports-related injuries. 1893 22


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