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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Two cases of respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in adults area described. In both patients, the clinical picture of the adult respiratory distress syndrome, with marked tachypnoea. hypoxaemia and bilateral diffuse pulmonary infiltrates, was present. One patient had systemic lupus erythematosus, while the other had chronic obstructive lung disease and was a heavy drinker of alcohol. Both patients survived and recovered after a prolonged stay in hospital.
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PMID:Respiratory syncytial virus pneumonitis in adults. 683 64

The value of determination of pleural fluid glucose, pH, lactic dehydrogenase, IgG, IgA, IgM, C3, C4, anti-IgG antibody, and hydroxyproline in distinguishing between pleural effusions caused by rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and those resulting from other diseases was studied. The series comprised seven patients with RA and 115 patients with other diseases including systemic lupus erythematosus, tuberculosis, malignant disease, empyema, pneumonia, congestive heart failure, and nonspecific pleural effusion. The low glucose concentration, the low pH and the low C4 level in rheumatoid pleural effusion were the most valuable diagnostic findings. The presence of anti-IgG antibody in pleural fluid was not specific for RA. The concentration of hydroxyproline in pleural fluid and the pleural fluid-to-plasma hydroxyproline ratio were significantly higher in RA than in tuberculosis and malignant disease. The results support the view that local metabolic and immunological phenomena as well as a high turnover of collagen occur in the pleural cavity in RA.
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PMID:Chemical and immunological features of pleural effusions: comparison between rheumatoid arthritis and other diseases. 698 Dec 26

Acute interstitial pneumonitis is a well-recognized, although rare, complication of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) that has been associated with a poor prognosis. Fulminant lupus pneumonitis, acute renal failure, and RBC hypoplasia occurred in a 14-year-old girl. The patient's condition was managed with large-volume plasmapharesis, dialysis, and immunosuppressive therapy. Her respiratory, renal, and hematologic changes all resolved, and response was maintained with cyclophosphamide and prednisolone therapy. Although serologic evidence of SLE persisted, clinically, the patient was well four years after the initial appearance of SLE. There are several acute pulmonary manifestations of SLE, and plasmapheresis may be useful in the management of some of these conditions.
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PMID:Fulminant lupus pneumonitis with acute renal failure and RBC aplasia. Successful management with plasmapheresis and immunosuppression. 724 96

The nature and frequency of pulmonary involvement in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is controversial. We reviewed the clinical and pathologic features of 120 patients with SLE described in autopsy records at The Johns Hopkins Hospital to determine the pulmonary parenchymal changes that could be attributed directly to SLE. Each case was reviewed to determine the extent of extrapulmonic SLE and possible alternative explanations for the observed lung pathology. Moderate or severe pulmonary parenchymal alterations that were attributed to SLE were found in 22 patients (18 percent). Five patients with interstitial fibrosis, two with pulmonary vasculitis, and one with pulmonary hematoxylin bodies were attributable only to SLE, as were 11 of 15 (73 percent) patients with interstitial pneumonitis. Alternative explanations for findings previously attributed to SLE included congestive heart failure, renal failure, infection, aspiration, oxygen toxicity and increased intracranial pressure. Alveolar hemorrhage, thought to be a feature of acute lupus pneumonitis, was unexplained in only two of 29 (7 percent) patients, alveolar wall necrosis was unexplained in one of seven (14 percent) and edema was unexplained in three of 70 (4 percent). Hyaline membranes, present in four patients, were always explained. Pleuritis and pleural effusions were attributed to SLE in 22 of 36 (61 percent) and three of 28 (11 percent) patients, respectively. The findings suggest that many nonspecific pulmonary lesions previously attributed to SLE, such as alveolar hemorrhage, alveolar wall necrosis, edema and hyaline membranes, are probably secondary to intercurrent infection, congestive heart failure, renal failure or oxygen toxicity.
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PMID:The lung in systemic lupus erythematosus. Analysis of the pathologic changes in 120 patients. 730 51

The authors study the diagnosis and the prognosis in 25 children with systemic lupus erythematosus and in 22 children with dermatomyositis. The most frequent signs when the diagnosis is established are articular involvements, erythema of the face, renal disorders and the presence of LE cells. The symptoms are often misleading, which explains the long delay between the first sign of the disease and the time of diagnosis, which can vary between one month to nine years. The prognosis of this disease has improved because of modern treatments : only four patients died, three of them because of renal failure and one because of cerebral embolism, after six months, one year, three years and ten months, In dermatomyositis the most frequent signs at the time of diagnosis are skin involvements and muscular and articular symptoms. The period of time between the onset of the disease and the diagnosis is shorter : one month to four years, 19 times equal to or less than one year, because the clinical picture is quite clear. Ten times the clinical evolution lead to a complete cure, 9 times a clear improvement with sequelae was observed : retractile myelosclerosis, calcinosis and medullary compression. One patient died of intestinal ulceration and two of pneumonia aggravated by involvement of the respiratory muscles.
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PMID:[Systemic lupus erythematosus and dermatomyositis in children]. 736 Oct 65

A patient presented with acute lupus pneumonitis in the puerperium. This complication of systemic lupus erythematosus has not been reported before in pregnancy. A review of the literature of pleuropulmonary complications of systemic lupus erythematosus and specifically acute lupus pneumonitis in nonpregnant patients is also presented. Clinical, diagnostic and therapeutic considerations are discussed, also.
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PMID:Acute lupus pneumonitis in the puerperium. A case report and literature review. 745 39

A case of SLE in female 43 years old is presented. The patient was hospitalized with diagnosis of pneumonia. The correct diagnosis was made after LE-cell and antinuclear antibodies in blood serum were found. After the treatment with small prednisone doses the long years remission was given. In discussion the diagnosis difficulties and basis diagnosis are presented.
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PMID:[Diagnostic difficulties in systemic lupus erythematosus]. 752 26

Systemic lupus erythematosus, polymyositis/dermatomyositis, connective tissue disease, and polyarteritis nodosa are the collagen vascular diseases (CVDs) most likely to mimic pneumonia. All can be associated with an acute illness characterized by fever, cough, dyspnea, pleural symptoms, and an abnormal chest roentgenogram. Recognition of the CVD-associated pulmonary process requires sophisticated serological testing and chemical pleural fluid analysis coupled with the exclusion of pulmonary infection and pulmonary embolization. This review emphasizes the clinical characteristics of these CVDs, the diagnostic tests most helpful in recognizing them, and the differential diagnosis of pleuroparenchymal disorders that occur in these patients.
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PMID:Collagen vascular diseases. 756 2

Pleuropulmonary complications of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) occur in 50-70% of patients and include pleuritis, pleural effusions, acute lupus pneumonitis, diffuse interstitial lung disease, atelectasis, diaphragmatic dysfunction and bronchiolitis obliterans. Additionally, a syndrome of acute reversible hypoxemia has recently been documented. This seems to occur in patients hospitalized for exacerbations of SLE and may be due to pulmonary leukoaggregation. It has become clear that other groups of pulmonary complications may be specifically associated with the antiphospholipid antibodies, both in patients with SLE and in those suffering from the "primary" antiphospholipid syndrome. These include pulmonary embolism and infarction, both thromboembolic and perhaps nonthromboembolic pulmonary hypertension, pulmonary arterial thrombosis, pulmonary microthrombosis, adult respiratory distress syndrome, intraalveolar pulmonary hemorrhage, as well as a postpartum syndrome.
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PMID:Review: antiphospholipid antibodies and the lung. 769 84

We experienced three patients who have collagen diseases with respiratory failure accompanied by hyponatremia. They were one systemic lupus erythematosus patient with interstitial pneumonia, one rheumatoid arthritis patient with acute pneumonitis, and one dermatomyositis patient with pulmonary fibrosis and organizing pneumonia. In all 3 patients, hyponatremia appeared along with a decrease in arterial O2 partial pressure (PaO2) and the hyponatremia tended to improve when the PaO2 increased after inhalation of oxygen, even though their respiratory failure were not improved. In dermatomyositis patient, serum Na levels were over-corrected after increase in PaO2. The serum and urine osmolality, serum antidiuretic hormone (ADH) levels and clinical pictures demonstrated a presence of inappropriate secretion of ADH (SIADH) in all 3 cases when hyponatremia and hypoxia appeared. A close association between hyponatremia and hypoxia observed in 3 patients strongly suggested that their SIADH were associated with hypoxia since SIADH could be demonstrated by hypoxia. Therefore, it is important to realize that hypoxia-induced hyponatremia will be promptly corrected to hypernatremia by an oxygen inhalation, which could cause a lethal central pontine myelinolysis.
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PMID:[Three cases of respiratory failure of collagen diseases accompanied by syndrome of inappropriate secretion of antidiuretic hormone (SIADH)]. 780 Dec 3


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