Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Since immunological events were found to be pathogenetically involved in various forms of glomerulonephritis, corticosteroids and immunosuppressive drugs were introduced in the treatment of nephritis. However, as opposed to the findings in the paediatric nephrotic syndrome, controlled and multicentric trials with immunosuppressive therapy revealed disappointing results in the management of renal disease in adults. Significantly better results under immunosuppressive therapy, were seen only in the nephrotic syndrome based on the so-called "no changes" or "minimal changes" nephritis. In chronic membranous and proliferative glomerulonephritis the clinical course in the treated group was not statistically different from that of the untreated group. In some disorders of connective tissues, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa and Wegener's granulomatosis, corticosteroids and immunosuppressive agents seem to exert a favourable effect on the course of renal disease. Encouraging results concerning the combined use of immunosuppressive drugs, anticoagulants and platelet aggregation inhibitors in mesangiocapillary (membrano-proliferative) glomerulonephritis and rapidly progressive nephritis have also been presented. Several factors such as incomplete immunosuppression, druginduced antigen tolerance and increased immune complex formation as a consequence of inhibited antibody production may contribute to the fact that many patients with different forms of nephritis do not benefit from long-term immunosuppressive therapy.
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PMID:[Immunosuppressive therapy in renal disease (author's transl)]. 0 14

Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity mediated by peripheral blood lymphocytes was studied in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa. Sjogren's syndrome, and rheumatoid arthritis. The target cells were chicken erythrocytes coated with rabbit anti-chicken erythrocyte antibody. Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity was normal in Sjogren's syndrome and rheumatoid arthritis but significantly decreased (P is less than 0.001) in active systemic lupus erythematosus and in two patients with polyarteritis nodosa. A partial regeneration of antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity was obtained by treatment with pronase and DNase followed by overnight incubation. Sera from patients with systemic lupus erythematosus inhibited antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxic activity of normal lymphocytes. The inhibitory activity was studied by specific immunoadsorption and sucrose density geadient ultracentrifugation. Removal of IgG but not IgM greatly reduced inhibition. Inhibitory factors were present in 7S and heavier fractions containing IgG. Five systemic lupus erythematosus patients were studied serially to determine if improvement in clinical status could be correlated with a decrease in serum inhibitory factors as studied by inhibition of normal antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity. Indeed, a greater serum inhibitory capacity was found in each patient during periods of greater disease activity.
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PMID:Antibody-dependent cell-mediated cytotoxicity in selected autoimmune diseases. 0 90

Pneumatosis intestinalis was encountered in association with fatal necrotizing enterocolitis in systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and polyarteritis nodosa. The radiologic identification of mottled, bubbly, and linear collections of intramural intestinal gas distinguish this ominous complication from benign pneumatosis cystoides intestinalis. In the setting of intestinal vasculitis due to SLE or polyarteritis nodosa, these characteristic radiologic features indicate necrotizing enterocolitis. Since corticosteroids may mask clinical progression of the intestinal lesion, radiologic evaluation is essential in the overall management of the patient with intestinal vasculitis.
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PMID:Necroqizing enterocolitis with pneumatosis intestinalis in systemic lupus erythematosus and polyarteritis. 1 May 99

ECG changes in 49 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 18 with ankylosing spondylitis, 47 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 17 with dermatomyositis, 21 with scleroderma and 7 with polyarteritis nodosa were compared with ECG changes in 106 control subjects. The classification of ECG findings was based mainly on the Minnesota Code. Compared with control subjects, pathological Q--QS, ST segment and T wave patterns were more common in all patient groups--including dermatomyositis, in which cardiac involvement has rarely been reported. P terminal force (PTF) was higher in the patient group. Conduction defects were probably more common in connective tissue diseases, whereas differences in ectopic beats, arrhythmias, QRS duration and QRS axis and R wave amplitude were not significant. The only significant difference between the steroid-treated patients and those without such treatment was the higher frequency of ST changes in the steroid-treated group. The results imply that heart affection is common in all connective tissue diseases. The several mechanisms underlying the cardiac involvement are reflected in many ways in the electrocardiograms of these patients, including an increased frequency of ECG changes mimicking those met in coronary heart disease.
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PMID:Electrocardiographic findings in patients with connective tissue disease. 3 14

Morphological changes in the pulmonary artery and its major branches were studied histologically and histochemically on autopsy cases of polyarteritis nodosa (23), systemic lupus erythematosus (10), systemic scleroderma (12), and rheumatoid arthritis (5). The ages of the fatalities ranged from 9 months to 77 years. An identical type of lesions was revealed: disorders of the connective tissue, destruction of elastic fibers, alterations of vasa vasorum, with cellular reactions typical of each nosological form reflecting the peculiarities of the immunological processes. The initial stage in the genesis of lesions in the vascular walls of the major pulmonary arteries is the involvement of vasa vasorum as a regular disorder of the microcirculatory ways in all collagen diseases.
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PMID:[Changes in the pulmonary artery in collagen diseases]. 3 80

Rheumatoid arthritis is a multisystem disease, with many clinical forms bearing close resemblance to systemic lupus erythematosus, dermatomyositis or polyarteritis nodosa. Although the involvement of the integument is not as disabiling as the joint disease, the extent of disability may be of sufficient magnitude to necessitate therapeutic intervention. Two patients are presented whose skin involvement was suggestive of cutaneous angiitis and who responded dramatically to treatment using sulfasalazine.
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PMID:Cutaneous rheumatoid vasculitis. 3 16

This report describes a previously unrecognized animal model of SLE, the PN mouse. Although outbred PN mice were studied originally as models of polyarteritis nodosa, their inbred descendants have autoimmune disease which closely resembles SLE. In the current study, positive indirect immunofluorescence tests for ANA appeared when the mice were 5 months old, and 80% of mice were ANA-positive at 10 months of age. Anti-DNA were detected in sera from newborn mice and from 53% of mice under 2 months of age. Seventy-six percent of PN mice developed anti-DNA at the age of 10 months. Glomerular deposits of IgG, IgM, IgA, and complement appeared at 2 to 4 weeks of age, and examination of renal tissue by electron microscopy showed basement membrane thickening and dense intramembranous deposits. Neoplasms arose in 14% of PN mice. Female mice died earlier than male mice, and the most common causes of death were glomerulonephritis and arteritis. It was concluded that the serologic and histologic characteristics of disease in PN mice resembled SLE.
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PMID:Palmerston North mice, a new animal model of systemic lupus erythematosus. 31 Aug 56

The treatment of the Goodpasture syndrome, collagenoses (rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, progressive systemic sclerosis/scleroderma, matosus, progressive systemic sclerosis/scleroderma, dermatomyositis/polymyositis), necrotizing angiitis (periarteritis nodosa, Wegener's granulomatosis) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis is reviewed. Their pathogenesis and morbid anatomy is outlined. The uncommunness of these disorders and their pulmonary manifestations is emphasized. The most frequently employed therapeutic agent are the corticosteroids together with acetylsalicylic acid and indomethacin. The effectiveness of immuno-suppressive and cytostatic drugs (azothioprine, cyclophosphamide, chlorambucil) and of D-penicillamine in the treatment of the different disorders is described. Standard programmes for treating any of these diseases have not yet emerged; the long-term results tend do be unsatisfactory. Co-operation with other specialists (nephrologists, rheumatologists, dermatologists) is often necessary in the treatment of these disorders.
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PMID:[Treatment of auto-immune diseases with special reference to their pulmonary manifestations (author's transl)]. 37 47

The search for circulating immune complexes (IC) by precipitation tests using polyethylene glycole was performed in a large series of normal (150 subjects) and 1200 pathological sera (over 800 patients). Increased precipitability of IgG and C4 was seen in a great percentage (80%) of pathological sera giving positive PEG precipitation without direct influence of IgG, IgM, C1q, C3 and C4 serum levels. The labeled C1q binding test gave similar results in 90 normal and 640 pathological sera. The C1q binding test could be replaced by the more direct and simple evaluation of the amount of C4 precipitated with IgG by 3.5% PEG. Positive results obtained in the three methods were particularly found in patients with diseases generally presumed to represent immune complexes diseases including acute glomerulonephritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, subacute bacterial endocarditis, and acute or chronic hepatitis.
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PMID:[Detection of circulating immune complexes by three techniques using polyethylene glycol (author's transl)]. 60 Jul 49

The conduction system of the heart was carefully examined at necropsy in two cases of rheumatoid arthritis and one of ankylosing spondylitis. All three patients had cardiac electrical instability and two fo the three died suddenly. The electrophysiological abnormalities of the three patients included paroxysmal atrial fibrillation in the first case, sustained atrial fibrillation with complete heart block and escape atrioventricular (A-V) junctional rhythm in the second case, and progressively increasing heart block eventually became complete in the third case. The sinus node exhibited extensive focal degeneration with and without associated inflammation in all three hearts, but the sinus node artery was not remarkably abnormal in any of these. All three hearts had important focal degenerative disease in the A-V node and His bundle, and in each of these there was marked narrowing of the local nutrient arteries, amounting to virtual occlusion in two hearts. The probable relationship of these postmortem histological findings to the electrocardiographic disturbances in each patient is discussed. Abnormalities in the cardiac conduction system of the hearts of these three patients are compared to ones previously reported for disseminated lupus erythematosus, polyarteritis nodosa, and scleroderma heart disease.
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PMID:De subitaneis mortibus. XXIII. Rheumatoid arthritis and ankylosing spondylitis. 83 14


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