Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Atmospheric and biological evolution progressed simultaneously and today certain cell types flourish only at oxygen tensions which were ambient 600 million years ago, i.e., at 5 to 10 mm Hg. In man, a continuous oxygen flow at these pressures is supplied in the skin where Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium leprae and members of the genus Rickettsia grow best. In vitro studies support the microaerophilic status of these organisms and of certain other microbial and mammalian cells. Vigorous growth in pure culture will await the development of techniques which can maintain these low oxygen tensions at the cell walls of the microbes as they replicate and consume increasing amounts of oxygen. Continuing failure to consistently isolate microbes from active lesions in patients with rheumatoid arthritis or systemic lupus erythematosus may reflect the universal absence of suitable methods for isolation of microaerophilic microbes.
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PMID:Cultivation requirements for Treponema pallidum, Mycobacterium leprae and other microbial and mammalian microaerophilic cells. 39 68

A case of lupus-vulgaris-like infection caused by Mycobacterium xenopi in a 62-year-old immunocompetent female patient is presented. A large cutaneous infiltration was seen in the right periorbital region. Histological examination revealed a granulomatous reaction of epithelioid cells and giant cells. M. xenopi was isolated from biopsy material and tuberculosis could be excluded. Isoniazid was effective in healing the lesion within a year. Such infections are well known for other mycobacteria but to our knowledge had not yet been described for M. xenopi. The characteristics of human infections with M. xenopi are summarized in a review of the literature and criteria for the diagnosis of atypical cutaneous mycobacterioses are proposed.
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PMID:[A lupus-vulgaris like atypical mycobacteriosis caused by Mycobacterium xenopi (lupus xenopi)]. 139 3

It has been reported that immunity to the 65 kDa heat shock protein of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MT-hsp65) not only accompanies rheumatoid arthritis (RA), but may also be characteristic of chronic inflammation. We now report serum antibodies to MT-hsp65 in 47% of systemic sclerosis (SSc), 38% of primary Raynaud's phenomenon (PRP) and 5% of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Antibody levels were higher in patients with active or progressive SSc and correlated with the degree of skin fibrosis. Thus, immunity to MT-hsp65 appears in SSc and is not limited to RA. However, it does show some degree of specificity beyond chronic inflammation: PRP patients have a higher reactivity than do SLE patients.
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PMID:Antibodies to mycobacterial 65 kDa heat shock protein in systemic sclerosis (scleroderma). 141 88

To test the potential role of autoimmunity to the highly conserved heat shock proteins (HSP) in immune arthritides, the sera from 99 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), 48 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and 65 normal controls were examined by ELISA for IgG and IgM antibodies to the 65 kDa and 70 kDa heat shock proteins from Mycobacterium bovis (Bacille Calmette-Guerin; BCG). In RA sera there are significant numbers of individuals with increased IgM anti-65 kDa and anti-BCG reactivity as well as IgG anti-70 kDa when compared with controls. In SLE both IgM and IgG anti-BCG, together with IgM anti-65 kDa, differed significantly from controls. The results were compared with previous reports in similar groups of patients, and it is clear that no consistent pattern of reactivity emerges. While further work may be justified looking carefully at the disease duration and other subsets of both RA and SLE, it is difficult at this stage to conclude that antibodies to autologous HSP that cross-react with mycobacterial HSP play a major role in disease pathogenesis.
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PMID:Antibodies to 65 kDa and 70 kDa heat shock proteins in rheumatoid arthritis and systemic lupus erythematosus. 147 94

The 1991 literature on septic arthritis included a concise review of adult septic arthritis, examples of pseudoseptic arthritis, and two interesting animal studies. One animal study examined the induction of acute synovitis by the intra-articular injection of bacterial endotoxin and the cytokines tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and interleukin-1 beta; and the other studied the effects of early and delayed synovectomy in the management of septic arthritis. The predispositions to septic arthritis can be divided into local joint abnormalities, systemic factors, or both. Examples of the local joint abnormalities include osteoarthritis of the hip and apatite-associated arthropathy. Septic arthritis in a patient with rheumatoid arthritis, in a patient with diabetes mellitus and hip arthropathy associated with hemochromatosis, or in a patient with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and hemophilic arthropathy are examples of how systemic predisposition is coupled with local joint pathology to increase the vulnerability of the host to joint infection. Other examples of systemic disease that predispose to septic arthritis are systemic lupus erythematosus, hypogammaglobulinemia, and human immunodeficiency virus infection, as well as intravenous drug abuse. Unusual microorganisms causing septic arthritis in the adult include Achromobacter xylosoxidans, Moraxella catarrhalis, meningococci, and diphtheroids. Uncommon pathogenesis is represented by a case of intra-articular inoculation of Mycobacterium gastri into the small joint of the hand and a case of mixed bacterial infection of the hip resulting from an extension of a contiguous pelvic infection associated with trauma. Two cases of immune complex glomerulonephritis illustrate the extra-articular complications of septic arthritis: one due to group G streptococcus and the other due to pneumococcus. Finally, septic bursitis is reviewed from the community practice perspective.
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PMID:Bacterial arthritis. 150 74

This paper reports the case of a young woman with SLE whose paraspinous abscess due to Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare was metastatic to the breast. Surgical drainage and 18 months of treatment with rifampin, cycloserine, ethambutol, and streptomycin failed to eradicate the infection. This case illustrates that MAI infection can occur in patients not usually considered to be immunosuppressed and may be difficult to treat.
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PMID:Paraspinous abscess with Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare in a patient without AIDS. 194 30

Sera of 16 patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and active involvement of the CNS were examined for the presence of antibodies to human brain neurons, using indirect immunofluorescence of human brain tissue sections. Thirteen of the 16 patients (81%) had high antineuronal titers, which declined during convalescence, compared with 18 of 105 (17%) SLE patients who had no CNS disease. Competition assays showed that the binding of the antineuronal antibodies was blocked by mycobacterial glycolipids and bovine brain extracts. This finding suggests an additional link between mycobacterial infection and SLE.
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PMID:Characteristics of antineuronal antibodies in systemic lupus erythematosus patients with and without central nervous system involvement: the role of mycobacterial cross-reacting antigens. 220 65

In an 80-year-old woman, retired farmworker, we observed lupus vulgaris extending over more than half of her leg. The extreme size of the affected area made us talk of a giant form in this case. Bacteriological investigation revealed Mycobacterium bovis. The minimal amount of tuberculin required to induce a positive intradermal reaction was 10 IU (GT Behring). Another case with similar dimensions (reported by Christiansen in 1967) had been caused by Mycobacterium avium and developed over a period of at least 5 years. The vast cutaneous affection of our patient, in contrast, had developed within only one year, starting from a brownish macula of the size of a palm on her upper leg. This macula - presumably the manifestation of quiescent lupus vulgaris - had not changed for more than 40 years. This late exacerbation of post-primary tuberculosis might have been favored by the patient's reduced immunologic resistance on account of her advanced age. In addition, local cofactors - namely ankylosis of her knee and contact eczematous dermatitis - have to be considered. In accordance with the resistogram, the disease responded to monotherapy with isoniazide.
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PMID:[Tuberculosis cutis luposa gigantea with Mycobacterium bovis detection]. 229 Dec 94

Monoclonal IgM autoantibodies have previously been generated from a patient with lepromatous leprosy. Polyclonal anti-idiotypes raised against two of these monoclonal antibodies (8E7 and TH9) were used in an immunoassay to detect the presence of idiotype in human serum. The anti-idiotypes recognize different but overlapping sets of idiotypic determinants, some of which are present on antibodies which bind to Mycobacterium leprae. Sera were tested from 16 individuals with leprosy, 45 with systemic lupus erythematosus, 20 with Lyme disease, and 80 healthy subjects. Positive sera were detected in all groups (seven, two, three, and four, respectively). In most cases the serum bound to both anti-idiotypes, the idiotype being present in the IgM and/or IgG fraction. Levels of the two idiotypes varied independently of total serum IgG concentration and, in serial samples from one patient, independently of each other. The results indicate that 8E7 and TH9 may be representative of serum antibodies which are commonly expressed in leprosy, but may also be expressed in other diseases and in health; and they suggest that such serum antibodies are encoded by a widely shared set of variable region genes.
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PMID:Cross-reactive idiotypes in sera from patients with leprosy, lupus and Lyme disease and from healthy individuals. 230 37

A patient with systemic lupus erythematosus had a protracted skin infection with Mycobacterium marinum after a puffer fish sting. Disseminated cutaneous and synovial disease was associated with clinically active systemic lupus erythematosus two years after the initial infection. The infection was poorly responsive to multiple antituberculous regimens. Hematogenous spread of infection was the likely route of dissemination.
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PMID:Disseminated cutaneous and synovial Mycobacterium marinum infection in a patient with systemic lupus erythematosus. 232 Oct 74


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