Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Major advances in knowledge of immunological diseases have resulted from observation of transient effects on children borne by women with such diseases. The discoveries that in Graves' disease and myasthenia gravis there are IgG antibodies directed against receptors sites are examples of such developments, while "ikiopathic" thrombocytopenic purpura is now accepted as immunological owing to its behaviour during pregnancy. In some instances observations of transient neonatal forms do not correspond with the disease manifestations in the mother. These discrepancies may be due to surgical removal of an organ vital to the disease process; inactivating damage by the disease to such an organ; presence of a blocking antibody of a molecular type not transferred across the placenta; differing tissue-antigen specificity or differing lymphocyte cooperation based on genetic variation. At present there are unexplained observations of fetal/neonatal effects in relation to diabetes mellitus and systemic lupus erythematosus which suggest that study of immunological parameters might be profitable. Determination of the HLA status of mother/fetus pairs may give rewarding clues. In the elucidation of the diseases now proven as antibody-mediated in the antibodies first discovered often turned out to be irrelevant red herrings.
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PMID:Pregnancy: Nature's experimental system. Transient manifestation of immunological diseases in the child. 5 95

Four cases are described of multi-system immunologically-mediated disease (systemic lupus erythematosus (two cases), polymyositis, and sarcoidosis) in association with thyroid autoimmunity. In all patients there was evidence of T lymphocyte deficiency, namely poor response of peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBL) to T cell mitogens (four cases) and failure or decreased ability to become sensitized to dinitrochlorobenzene (three cases), although two patients were ill and two were being treated with steroids. There was also evidence of B lymphocyte deficiency since PBL of no patient responded normally to pokeweed mitogen, a B and T lymphocyte mitogen. In two patients there was evidence of cell-mediated immunity to human thyroid antigens. Although thyroid stimulating antibody was not detected in the one patient with Graves' disease tested, significant titres of thyroid antibodies were detected in all cases. Possible relationships between T lymphocyte deficiency, organ-specific autoimmune disease and immunologically-mediated multi-system disorders are discussed.
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PMID:Multi-system immunologically mediated disease: T lymphocyte deficiency and thyroid immunologic disease--a report of four cases. 30 99

An analysis of HLA-linked genetical factors conferring susceptibility to IDDM is reported. On the basis of population and family studies a recessive mode of inheritance of disease susceptibility provided by an assumption of HLA-B8-linked DS gene was observed. The characteristic component of the immunogenetical background was the high frequency of HLA-B8 (0.208) and the HLA-A1, B8 haplotype (0.134) (linkage disequilibrium D = 0.1031), reminiscent of that found also in other disorders with autoimmune features, such as Graves disease, SLE, etc. Considering the HLA-B8 and IDDM association, the DS gene frequency (pD = 0.25) was estimated and the gametic association between HLA-B8 andu DS gene was calculated. The low value of penetrancy (4.8%) revealed the important role of non-HLA-linked genetical and environmental factors. The HLA-linked genetic factors in question might be responsible for an inclination to several kinds of autoimmune disorders.
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PMID:Calculation of disease susceptibility gene frequency in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus. 39 39

Using Laser nephelometric measurement a method is described to detect immune complexes, which seems to be suitable for routine studies as well as for specific complex characterisation. Tetanus-Antitetanus complexes are used as standard thus the result is expressed as tetanus complex units (TCU). The method is simple and permits the direct measurement of complexes in native sera. Furthermore it is possible to characterise the complexes either by the immuno-globuline class of the antibody involved or the antigen respectively. Complexes were found with this method in various frequency in all but one group of patients under study (SLE, RA, other connective tissue diseases, malignomas, myelomas, thyroiditis, Grave's disease and healthy controls). Their was a high correlation with two other common techniques to measure immune complexes, e.g. C1q-deviation and C1q-PEG precipitation.
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PMID:[Detection of circulating immune complexes using a laser-nephelometric assay (author's transl)]. 58 Dec 78

A high prevalence of antibodies to double-stranded DNA (AbDNAds) has been recently reported in serum of patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders, but the specificity of this finding has been questioned. For this reason, the prevalence of several antibodies to DNA-related nuclear antigens (AbDRENA) has been evaluated in sera of patients with autoimmune and non-autoimmune thyroid disease. The study group included: 46 Graves' disease patients, 28 Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients, 25 patients with toxic nodular goitre and 11 with non-toxic nodular goitre. Twenty-eight Graves' patients were retested during methimazole (MMI) therapy, and 5 after radioiodine administration. Twenty-two patients with systemic lupus erythematosus and 28 normal subjects served as positive and negative controls, respectively. AbDRENA included: AbDNAds by RIA or immunofluorescence (IF); antibodies to single-stranded DNA (AbDNAss) and antibodies to histone (AbHist) by ELISA methods; antibodies to nuclear antigens (ANA) by immunofluorescence. RIA values were considered to be abnormal when 2 SD above the mean of normal controls. In our study 13% of Graves' patients were positive for AbDNAds by RIA: all of them had negative tests by IF; 11% were positive for AbDNAss, 2% for AbHist and 7% for ANA. A comparable prevalence of positive results for AbDNAds by RIA, with negative IF tests, was found in Hashimoto's thyroiditis patients. No significant changes of antibody levels were observed in Graves' patients during MMI treatment or after radioiodine administration. A positivity for AbDNAds or AbDNAss was found in 8% of patients with toxic nodular goitre, but in none of those with non-toxic goitre.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Circulating antibodies to DNA-related antigens in patients with autoimmune thyroid disorders. 129 45

Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) is an entity characterized by recurrent thrombotic events and may occur spontaneously or in the context of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). We describe an English Canadian family in whom the propositus, a woman with Graves' disease and SLE, was found to have a lupus anticoagulant and anticardiolipin antibody (aCL). A brother with deep vein thrombosis, pulmonary emboli, bilateral adrenal hemorrhage and thrombocytopenia, circulating anticoagulant and aCL had a positive antinuclear antibody and Coombs' test, but no other features of SLE. Fourteen members of 3 generations of this family underwent clinical assessments, serological testing and HLA typing. The propositus' mother had a family history of autoimmune thyroid disease and the father had aCL, but was asymptomatic. The thyroid disease and the SLE were associated with HLA-B8, DR3 haplotype. The aCL and the anticoagulant were associated with HLA-B60, DR4 haplotype. Both these haplotypes were present in the propositus. Among the other 4 carriers of the haplotype B60, DR4, 3 demonstrated significant titers of aCL. Our findings support the reported association between APS and the HLA haplotype DR4 in patients of English descent with SLE.
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PMID:A family study of the antiphospholipid syndrome associated with other autoimmune diseases. 143 7

Anti-DNA and anti-DNA polymerase I (RPI) autoantibody responses are symptoms of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). To investigate the relationship between these antibodies (Ab), rabbits were immunized with one of the following preparations: human SLE anti-DNA Ab; human SLE anti-DNA IgG; normal human anti-DNA Ab; human Grave's disease anti-DNA Ab; murine SLE anti-DNA Ab or anti-DNA IgG Fab; various normal human, murine, or rabbit IgG preparations; or complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA), alone. All of the animals immunized with anti-DNA Ab (n = 14) generated Ab reactive in radioimmunoassay with: ssDNA, dsDNA, RPI, the soluble fraction of rabbit liver crude nuclear extract, and the immunogen. Induced rabbit anti-DNA Ab in turn induced these responses in a different rabbit: a rabbit immunized with rabbit anti-DNA IgG Ab which had been previously induced by immunization with human anti-DNA Ab, produced Ab reactive with ssDNA, dsDNA, RPI, and the soluble fraction of rabbit liver nuclear extract. Although an individual animal's antisera reacted consistently over the course of immunization with the same individual RPI subunit(s), antisera from different animals reacted with different subunits of the 9-subunit RPI complex in Western blot analyses: 190 kD (n = 6); 120 kD (n = 1); 62 kD (n = 4); 45 kD (n = 2); and, no reactivity (n = 2). In contrast, animals immunized with normal IgG or CFA produced responses only against the immunogen. Together, these data suggest that anti-DNA and anti-RPI responses are connected through an autoimmune network in SLE.
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PMID:Rabbits produce SLE-like anti-RNA polymerase I and anti-DNA autoantibodies in responses to immunization with either human or murine SLE anti-DNA antibodies. 147 39

Insulin antibodies (IAA) can be detected in the serum of the majority of newly diagnosed IDDM patients prior to insulin therapy. In first degree relatives of IDDM patients, IAA are associated with an increased risk of development of IDDM. However, the disease specificity of IAA, detected by radiobinding assays, has not been addressed. We thus tested sera from patients with autoimmune disease for IAA. One of 29 (3%) patients with Graves' disease and five of 27 (19%) patients with SLE had IAA levels exceeding the range for normal controls. IAA were not detected in sera from 29 patients with Addison's disease, 15 patients with pernicious anaemia or 10 patients with increased gamma globulins. Non-specific binding of 125I-labelled insulin was increased in serum from 14 (21%) samples from patients with Graves' disease, 10 (37%) patients with SLE, one (3.2%) of 29 patients with Addison's disease and two (13%) of 15 patients with pernicious anaemia. The increased non-specific binding most likely relates to immunoglobulin binding as it was also found in eight of 10 patients with oligoclonal or polyclonal increase in gamma globulins. Our findings suggest that moderate elevations of IAA are not uncommon in patients with SLE, in whom increased non-specific binding of insulin is also common. This observation is of importance in preclinical diabetes screening studies.
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PMID:Insulin autoantibodies in patients with autoimmune diseases. 147 50

We report three cases from girls with Graves disease who developed serious rheumatic manifestations. One patient had systemic lupus erythematosus with articular, renal, neurological and cardiac afectation with fatal outcome. Other patient presented clinical features of scleroderma with skin thickness, myopathy, arthritis, Raynaud's phenomenon and findings of pulmonary fibrosis. A lupus-like syndrome associated to methimazole therapy (polyarthritis, rash and hemolytic anemia) with positive Cel-LE preparations but negative antinuclear-antibodies was observed in a third patient. A careful history and the recognition of these manifestations will help in the identification of these syndromes.
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PMID:[Rheumatic features of Grave's disease in children]. 152 48

Between 1979 and 1990 we have seen 8 patients (7 females) with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) who developed a neuro-muscular involvement while on D-penicillamine (D.P.). Five of them had a drug-induced myasthenia. D.P. withdrawal led to a complete recovery in 1.5 to 5 months. Another patient presented with a myopathy which led to the diagnosis of Grave's disease. She was treated with D.P. for 4 months. D.P. was reintroduced and 5 months later a myasthenic syndrome developed. A thymoma was discovered 1 year later. In the last 2 patients D.P. induced polymyositis which, in one, was associated with features of systemic lupus erythematosus. In the other patient, the evolution was fatal in spite of D.P. withdrawal, high dose steroids and plasma exchanges. A literature survey has shown 150 D.P. induced myasthenia and 38 D.P. induced polymyositis cases.
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PMID:[Neuromuscular complications of D-penicillamine in rheumatoid arthritis]. 160 35


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