Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0024141 (systemic lupus erythematosus)
 44,322 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Platelet antibody determination by the PF3 test was carried out in 96 thrombocytopenic patients with various disorders, 31 repeatedly transfused patients with or without thrombocytopenia and 24 patients with autoimmune disease (SLE and myasthenia gravis) without thrombocytopenia. The frequency of a positive test was greatest in the patients with ITP (61%), SLE (50%) or a history of numerous blood transfusions (60%). The patients with myasthenia gravis also showed a considerable frequency (20%) of platelet antibodies detectable by the PF3 test. The PF3 test is less sensitive than the serotonin release test in detecting autoantibodies, but it is more sensitive than aggregometry in detecting isoantibodies and drug-related antibodies.
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PMID:Platelet antibody determination by platelet factor 3 assay (comparison with radiolabelled serotonin release and platelet aggregometry). 74 95

The autoimmune nature of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura, as currently defined, is well established. Manipulations of the immune apparatus aimed at abating this deviant immunologic state may be one mode of approach to the therapy of this disease. Several cytotoxic compounds are capable of inhibiting the primary and secondary immune response to experimentally injected antigens in animals and man. Their beneficial role in the treatment of an autoimmune lupus-like syndrome in NZB mice24 is well documented. In human autoimmune disease, efficacy of the drugs is still to be established. The mechanisms by which immunosuppressive agents effect therapeutic response, and, in particular, whether this action is linked to suppression of immune reactivity needs clarification. Although preliminary analysis of the efficacy of immunosuppressive drugs in idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura is encouraging, their therapeutic role has not superseded that of conventional management with steroids and splenectomy. Carefully controlled randomized clinical trials are now necessary so that more rational use of these agents can be recommended in future reports.
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PMID:Immunosuppressive therapy of idiopathic thrombocytopenic purpura. 78 17

Indirect immunofluorescent tests were employed to study antinuclear antibodies (ANA) of the IgD class in sera from patients with autoimmune disease. In sera containing IgG-ANA, IgD-ANA was detected in 48% of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus, 37% with rheumatoid arthritis, 30% with Raynaud's disease, 23% with systemic scleroderma and 20% with discoid lupus erythematosus. Quantitative comparison of serum IgG, IgA, IgM and IgD between IgG-ANA-positive sera with and without IgD-ANA revealed that patients with IgD-ANA also had elevated serum IgA levels. The detection of IgD-ANA in over 36% of the patient population suggests that IgD may play a role in autoimmune disorders.
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PMID:Structure and biological functions of human IgD. VII. IgD antinuclear antibodies in sera of patients with autoimmune disorders. 79 66

Antibodies to native DNA and to polyadenylic acid (Poly A) occur spontaneously and undergo a regulated switch from IgM to IgG during the course of autoimmune disease in NZB/NZW F(1) (B/W) mice. B/W females have higher titers and earlier commitment to 7S antibodies to DNA and Poly A, whereas B/W males bind DNA and Poly A primarily by 19S antibodies. We have performed castration experiments to determine the effects of sex hormones on this switch from IgM to IgG.NZB/NZW F(1) (B/W) mice were either castrated or subjected to sham surgery at 2 wk of age and studied for immunoglobulin class of antibodies to nucleic acids at 4, 6, and 7 mo post-surgery. Prepubertal castration of males caused premature death in 60% of mice. Castrated males had a significant decline in their serum testosterone concentration, an increase in DNA and Poly A binding, and an accelerated switch from 19S to 7S antibodies to nucleic acids. Castrated females had no change in mortality. However, castrated females given maintained androgen treatment had a decreased mortality compared to castrated females receiving estrogen (14 vs. 94%). The anticipated switch to 7S antibodies to Poly A was almost eliminated in castrated females. These results suggest that sex hormones modulate immunologic regulation and that androgenic hormones are protective in murine lupus.
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PMID:Androgenic hormones modulate autoantibody responses and improve survival in murine lupus. 86 3

Cyclophosphamide (Cy) has been demonstrated to be effective in treating autoimmune disease in NZB/NZW F1 mice. This study was designed to compare the efficacy of chlorambucil (Chlor) with that of a known effective drug (Cy) in the treatment of murine lupus. NZB/W female mice were treated with Cy, Chlor, or nothing on a once-a-month dosage schedule. The age of onset of proteinuria, the severity of glomerular lesions, and the median survival were compared among the three treatment groups. Cy was found to be superior to Chlor and controls in all measures.
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PMID:Therapeutic studies in NZB/NZW F1 mice. V. Comparison of cyclophosphamide and chlorambucil. 90 98

The complications arising out of the installation of pacemakers are listed and classified and it is suggested that a syndrome characterized by recurrent pleural effusion recalcitrant to the usual medico-depletive therapies, observed in four patients with pacemakers, should be included among such complications. The clinical pictures of the syndrome is described in detail and particular attention is paid to its date of onset in relation to installation of the pacemaker, early symptomatology, the most typical symptoms, clinico-humoral development, prognosis and therapy. Some theoretical and practical remarks are also offered, specifically three pathogenetic suggestions are formulated on the basis of clinical and developmental features but mainly in relation to humoral and immunological findings. These suggestions stress alternative interpretations of the syndrome: A) as an autoimmune disease arising secondary to surgical denaturation of myocardial and/or endocardial autoantigens; B) as a systemic autoimmune disease due to congenital or acquired insufficiency of immunological homeostasis; C) as a monosymptomatic pleural form of systemic lupus erythematodes with late clinical outbreak. The fascinating pathogenetic, clinical, biological and therapeutic resemblances between the present syndrome and the post-infarctual syndrome of Dressler and Johnson's post-pericardiotomic syndrome are pointed out and it is suggested that complications of medical nature already described as being secondary to the installation of pacemakers, such as endocarditis and pericarditis, should be looked at from an autoimmune type of pathogenetic viewpoint. Finally, in the light of personal observations, the need for immunological study of high risk patients, namely relations of patients with autoimmune diseases, is stressed. All candidates for pacemaker installation should also be included. Routine screening of this type would take on enormous practical importance as it would enable preventive or curative treatment to be undertaken to modify the immunitary balance of those subjects in whom pacemaker installation is liable to trigger off critical, irreversible breakdown in immunitary homoeostasis of which the syndrome in question would seem to be the most dramatic, but perhaps no the only, clinical manifestation.
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PMID:[On a syndrome of immunopathic type with pleural and systemic localization observed in patients with intracavitary electrostimulators. Considerations on 4 cases]. 96 39

The effects of daily injections of thymosin, bovine fraction V, on the natural history of NZB and NZB/NZW F1 mice were investigated. With the use of several dose schedules, no significant differences were discovered in treated versus control groups when survival, autoantibodies, and mitogen responsiveness were compared. These results provide further evidence that thymosin may have little or no role in the treatment of the autoimmune disease of New Zealand mice. More encouraging research in thymic extracts and their measurement is necessary before clinical trials in SLE are considered.
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PMID:Study of thymic factors. II. Failure of thymosin to alter the natural history of NZB and NZB/NZW mice. 108 26

The effects of levamisole, ribovirin, and cyclophosphamide in preventing the spontaneous autoimmune disease of NZB/W mice have been evaluated. These drugs all had a significant effect, both in delaying mortality, and in postponing the development of antinuclear antibodies and proteinuria. Single-stranded DNA linked to IgG was also used but had no demonstrable effect. The results of therapeutic studies in murine lupus must be interpreted with caution in relation to the human disease, but as both levamisole and ribovirin are now being used in man, our results suggest that further studies with these drugs are warranted.
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PMID:Therapeutic trials with levamisole and other agents in NZB/W mice. 108 66

The following aspects of autoimmunity and immunodeficiency will be discussed: 1) Autoantibodies and autoimmunity and their relationships to human disease and particularly to the rheumatic diseases. 2) Relationships between human immunodeficiency diseases and autoimmunity including: a) autoimmune disease in patients with immunodeficiency; b) arthritis in patients with immunodeficiency; c) lupus-like illness in carriers of chronic granulomatous disease; d) occurrence of autoantibodies and autoimmunity in relatives of patients with immunodeficiency. 3) Immunodeficiency as a basis for human rheumatic or autoimmune diseases. The role of immunodeficiency in NZB mouse diseases and human SLE. 4) The role of viral infections in autoimmune disease.
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PMID:Immunodeficiency and autoimmunity. 109 77

In 50 to 60 percent of patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), a band of immunoglobulins beneath the epidermis of visibly normal skin. This highly specific finding has been used as a diagnostic test (Lupus Band Test) for SLE. Similar immunoglobulin deposits are found in an inbred strain of New Zealand mice which spontaneously develop an autoimmune disease with many features of SLE. Subepidermal immunoglobulin deposits are found most frequently in SLE patients with proliferative glomerulonephritis, hypocomplementemia, and serum antibodies to native DNA (anti-nDNA). When anti-nDNA levels are suppressed by cyclophosphamide, these deposits disappear. The subepidermal accumulation of immunoglobulin in SLE patients and in the mouse model apparently depends on the presence of antibody to native DNA. It is proposed that serum anti-nDNA precipitates with nDNA which is released locally from epidermal nuclear breakdown.
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PMID:The significance of cutaneous immunoglobulin deposits in lupus erythematosus and NZB/NZW F1 hybrid mice. 109 41


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