Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Clinicopathologic and immunohistochemical analyses of the kidneys in 30 autopsy cases of liver cirrhosis of different types revealed glomerular lesions in 27 cases. Clinical nephritis was present in three cases. Characteristic diffuse mesangial proliferation with focal mesangial interposition and/or subendothelial deposits were present. Glomerular immunoglobulin deposition was observed in several cases, IgM in 23 cases, IgG in five, and IgA in 17; the latter were predominantly IgA1. Secretory component binding was found in 11 of the 17 cases with IgA deposits (65 per cent). Liver weight was related to IgA deposition (P approximately 0.05), and the volume of ascitic fluid was significantly correlated (P less than 0.05).
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PMID:Glomerular lesions associated with liver cirrhosis: an immunohistochemical and clinicopathologic analysis. 377 Jul 32

A method for detection and quantitation of circulating immune complexes using precipitation of the complexes by polyethylene glycol (PEG) has been reexamined to determine the influence of pH on the recovery and the reproducibility of the results. Results showed that the pH optimum for these determinations was 7.8. The recovery percentages range from 57.8-146.5% at lower immune complex concentrations, and from 73.9-101.3% at higher concentrations. The reproducibility of the method seems reasonably acceptable with a percent coefficient of variation ranging from 0.5-9.5. This method for quantitation of circulating immune complexes by polyethylene glycol precipitation is consistent and relatively reliable. Using this method, the levels of circulating immune complexes in sera in patients with hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, hepatoma, acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis (before and after treatment) and systemic lupus erythematosus have been examined. The results showed that except the patients with treated acute post-streptococcal glomerulonephritis who had a similar amount of immune complexes with normal controls, the level of immune complexes in patients with other types of diseases were all higher than the control. In addition, the composition of IgG, IgA, IgM, C3 and C4 of the precipitable complexes in sera of patients with three types of liver disease has been analyzed and demonstrated that the percentages of IgM were higher than the normal control. However, C3 and C4 in hepatitis and liver cirrhosis patients were lower than those of the control.
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PMID:Detection of circulating immune complexes in liver diseases, systemic lupus erythematosus and glomerulonephritis by polyethylene glycol precipitation. 377 14

Serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgA, IgM) were prospectively determined in 524 consecutive patients with degenerative liver damage (mainly steatosis), fibrosis, chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis, proven by biopsy or visually. Concerning alcohol consumption all patients were assigned to two groups according to previously defined criteria; those with regular alcohol abuse (at least 80 g/d) and those without or with irregular alcohol intake. Serum concentrations of all immunoglobulin classes significantly increased with progredient liver parenchymal destruction from steatosis to chronic hepatitis and fibrosis to cirrhosis. Significant differences in immunoglobulins, especially in IgA, between patients with or without alcohol consumption were not observed. These results indicate that serum immunoglobulin concentrations are related to the degree and not to the etiology (alcoholic/non alcoholic) of liver damage.
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PMID:[Significance of serum immunoglobulins for the diagnosis of alcohol-induced liver diseases]. 378 Apr 34

Porphyria cutanea tarda (PCT) may be associated with various neoplasma. Two additional cases are reported here. In the first case, a 58-year old alcoholic man had been presenting for two years with clinical signs of PCT. The diagnosis was confirmed by porphyrin assays in the urine. He also had cirrhosis of the liver. During a routine fibroscopy in search of oesophageal varices, a gastric adenocarcinoma was discovered by chance. Following partial gastrectomy the skin lesions of PCT improved dramatically within a few weeks, leaving only moderate cutaneous fragility. Urinary porphyrin assays performed 18 and 40 months after gastrectomy gave normal results, although no specific treatment had been prescribed. The second case concerns a 67-year old man, also alcoholic, with clinical and biochemical PCT. For the previous 12 months he had received chemotherapy (Adriamycin, then BCNU combined with melphalan, vincristine and prednisone) for multiple IgA K myeloma. The myeloma was active when PCT was diagnosed with, in particular, chronic anaemia. Treatment with chloroquine improved the cutaneous signs of PCT but had no effect on urinary porphyrins after 5 months. Comments PCT has been reported to be associated with cancers. The best known of these cancers is primary carcinoma of the liver (4, 27, 32), but its frequency is diversely evaluated depending on the diagnostic methods (e. g. patient autopsied or not) and on the selection of patients (age, duration of the disease).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Porphyria cutanea tarda and neoplasms. Apropos of 2 cases]. 380 Feb 18

Alcoholic microangiopathy was studied on the biopsy material from kidneys, skin and salivary glands of alcoholic patients by means of histochemical, immunohistochemical and electron-microscopic methods. Its formation is mainly caused by the direct action of ethanol on microcirculatory vessels. Alcohol-induced microangiopathy is morphologically manifested by the accumulation of intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm of endotheliocytes and perivascular infiltrate macrophages. The expression of pathological changes in the cytoskeleton is reduced due to the abstinence from alcohol. Glomerulonephritis in alcoholic patients, that can be considered as a peculiar manifestation of alcoholic microangiopathy, is immunocomplex with predominance in these immune complexes of IgA in combination with IgG and C3 complement fraction. Morphologically it is characterized by the accumulation of intermediate filaments in the cytoplasm of podocytes, mesangiocytes, nephrocytes and some endothelial cells, as well as early and quick formation of fibroplastic transformation and cirrhosis of the kidney.
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PMID:[Morphology and various problems of the pathogenesis of alcoholic microangiopathy]. 380 Jun 79

In a young girl with alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency (Pi Z), cirrhosis, hypocomplementemia and proteinuria, renal biopsy showed features of type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis. Deposits contained IgA, IgG, IgM, Clq, C4 and C3 but not alpha 1-antitrypsin. A review of the literature found 10 similar cases. Type I membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis was present in all. The respective roles of alpha 1-antitrypsin deficiency and hepatic disease in the pathogenesis are discussed; membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis is probably the consequence of the chronic liver disease.
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PMID:[Alpha-1-antitrypsin deficiency and renal involvement]. 387 47

IgA-associated immunopathologic renal injury has been reported in patients with cirrhosis. In an effort to elucidate the pathogenesis of this phenomenon, the livers and kidneys obtained at autopsy from a group of patients with cystic fibrosis were studied; these patients were selected because of their broad spectrum of liver abnormalities. On the basis of histologic examination of sections of liver, the patients were divided into two groups: Group I (20 patients) included patients with focal biliary cirrhosis and multilobular biliary cirrhosis; all had anatomic distortion of the biliary system, and many had cholestasis. Group II (28 patients) showed no bile duct anomalies. Immunofluorescence studies of the corresponding kidneys for immunoglobulin, complement, and free secretory component (FSC) revealed significantly more numerous IgA-containing glomerular deposits in group I (P less than 0.02). Although FSC was virtually absent in these deposits, significant in vitro binding of this protein revealed the polymeric nature of the glomerular IgA. This is consistent with previous observations of elevated serum levels of polymeric IgA, which forms the dominant component of glomerular deposits in cirrhotic patients. Since IgA glomerular deposition occurred in patients with focal biliary and no hepatocellular dysfunction, it seems that the source of this polymeric IgA is related to its impaired serum clearance by a distorted and stagnant bile duct system. However, the mechanism that leads to the deposition of this immunoglobulin in the glomeruli and other tissues remains conjectural.
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PMID:IgA-associated glomerular deposits in liver disease. 390 78

In order to clarify the pathophysiological mechanism of certain biochemical and immunological changes (endotoxin in serum, protease inhibitors, immunoglobulins) found in a former study on human cirrhosis of the liver the porto-caval end-to-side anastomosis of rats with unaffected livers was chosen as test model. With the aid of this bypass the "spill-over" phenomenon of the liver can be completely imitated. In this study, 7 operated and 5 or 14 control animals resp. are referred to. Serum endotoxin, acid-stable and acid-unstable protease inhibitors and immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM were determined 20 months after operation. For the determination of potential hemodynamically or toxically induced effects on these organs, morphologic liver and lung examinations were performed. On the average, the operated rats showed a weight loss of 8 percent, i.e. from 378.4 +/- 9.2 g to 348.4 +/- 17 g. Compared to control rats, their relative liver weights were significantly lower (34%) (mean = 2.23 +/- 0.2 compared to 3.4 +/- 0.44 g, p less than 0.0005). Serum immunoglobulins IgG, IgA and IgM in operated animals were significantly higher (p less than 0.005 or p less than 0.025 resp. and 0.0025). Endotoxin in serum could be identified in 4 out of 7 operated animals (57, 1%), but in none of the control animals. While there was no difference in serum levels of acid-unstable protease inhibitors between the two groups levels of acid-stable protease inhibitors were in operated animals by 24% higher than in control animals (mean = 35.3 +/- 3.3 compared to 28.5 +/- 2.3 mU/ml, p less than 0.0005).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Protease inhibitors, serum endotoxin and serum immunoglobulins following portacaval end-to-side anastomosis in animal experiments]. 390 69

Wistar rats rendered cirrhotic with carbon tetrachloride excreted significant proteinuria and hematuria. Serum levels of IgA and IgG were significantly elevated in cirrhotic animals. They showed mild mesangial proliferation and immunofluorescent studies revealed deposits of IgA and IgG predominantly in mesangial areas and along capillary walls. These findings were very similar to those seen in patients with hepatic cirrhosis or IgA nephropathy. The deposits of IgA were also found in hepatic tissue from cirrhotic animals. The intensity and distribution of glomerular IgA deposits were not diminished after treatment with acid buffer. These results suggest that glomerular IgA are IgA polymers and decreased hepatic clearance of hepatic IgA polymers may be responsible for the glomerular deposition of IgA.
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PMID:Glomerular deposition of IgA in experimental hepatic cirrhosis. 403 96

Elevated serum gammaglobulin concentrations are frequently observed in patients with liver cirrhosis. Predominant elevation of the IgA is generally considered as suggestive of an alcoholic aetiology. The aim of this study was to define the factors that determine the serum concentration of IgA in alcoholic cirrhosis. Twenty-seven patients with alcoholic cirrhosis were studied. Serum concentrations of IgG, IgA and IgM were measured by immunonephelometry. Hepatocellular function was assessed by the Child-Turcotte score, the prothrombin time and the intrinsic clearance of indocyanine green. The importance of intra-hepatic shunts was estimated according to the intact hepatocyte theory, and the degree of hepatic necrosis by serum levels of transaminases. It was noted that: 1) the IgA concentration correlated significantly with the Child-Turcotte score and with the decrease of the prothrombin time, intrinsic clearance and the functional fraction of hepatic blood flow; 2) there was no such correlation between the serum concentration of IgA and the total hepatic blood flow or transaminase levels; 3) there was no correlation between serum concentration of IgG or IgM and the factors studied. These results suggest that in alcoholic cirrhosis, increase in serum IgA, reflects the degree of impairment of hepatic function and intrahepatic shunting.
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PMID:[Hepatic function and significance of the increase in serum concentrations of IgA in alcoholic cirrhosis]. 407 20


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