Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A 38-year-old man with liver failure due to Laennec's cirrhosis developed nephrotic range proteinuria and hematuria. Renal biopsy showed membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with 2+ staining for IgA and complement consistent with cirrhotic glomerulonephritis. After orthotopic liver transplantation, proteinuria and hematuria rapidly resolved. This case indicates that glomerulonephritis associated with cirrhosis may be successfully treated with hepatic transplantation. Whether the improvement in glomerular abnormalities resulted from immunosuppression therapy or from restoration of normal hepatic function is unknown.
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PMID:Resolution of cirrhotic glomerulonephritis following successful liver transplantation. 200 99

The sera from patients with various liver diseases were investigated for the antibody against calmodulin (CaM) extracted from bovine brain by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. The specificity and purity of CaM were confirmed by the Western blot technique using anti-CaM antibody (anti-CaM) positive sera. IgA class antibody was frequently detected in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and chronic active hepatitis (CAH). On the other hand, IgG class antibody was very often present in patients liver cirrhosis, AIH and acute viral hepatitis (AVH). Sixty seven percent of patients with AVH in the acute phase were positive for IgM class anti-CaM and 33% of patients with AVH in the convalescent phase positive respectively. In AVH, the titer of anti-CaM reached its peak on 26.3 days after the onset. The titer of anti-CaM in fulminant hepatitis was higher than that in AVH. Seventy percent of type A hepatitis patients were positive for IgM class anti-CaM, 33% of type B and 33% of type non-A non-B. These results suggest that the frequency and titer of anti-CaM may depend upon the type of hepatitis and the degree of liver cell injury.
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PMID:[Clinical significance of antibodies against calmodulin in patients with various liver diseases]. 203 May 58

Humoral immune response in chronic sequelae of HBV infection was assessed in the present study. Serum immunoglobulins (IgG, IgM, IgA) serum complement component C3 and C4 and circulating immune complex (CIC) were estimated in forty cases of HBsAg positive chronic active hepatitis and cirrhosis and sixty cases of age and sex matched healthy control subjects. Hypergammaglobulinemia was observed in chronic liver diseased state. All the three immunoglobulins, IgG, IgA and IgM were elevated significantly. The complement C3 and C4 were significantly decreased in patient group, while the levels of CIC were significantly increased. The increased immunoglobulin levels may be attributed to disorganised Kupffer cell system and also to B cell hyperactivity. The decreased complement levels may be attributed to decreased synthesis and/or increased consumption by increased CIC. A primary or an acquired defect in infected host to generate immune response might result in defective elimination of infected hepatocytes in chronic liver disease.
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PMID:Immunological studies in HBV-related chronic liver diseases. 213 3

Alcoholic hepatitis is a necrotizing, often inflammatory, process that is an important precursor to the development of cirrhosis. Acetaldehyde, which is derived from alcohol by the action of alcohol dehydrogenase, is apparently the most important factor leading to alcohol-induced liver injury. Other factors of importance in determining the appearance and rate of progression of liver diseases in patients who are chronic alcoholics include sex, nutritional status, and various immunologic reactions. In addition, there is an incompletely understood genetic predisposition to the development of alcoholic hepatitis. Several histologic features found in patients with alcoholic hepatitis have been evaluated in efforts to determine which are of prognostic value. The predominance of the alcohol-induced injury in zone III of the hepatic lobule; deposition of collagen, IgA, and fibronectin in the space of Disse; defenestration of endothelial cells; and transformation of lipocytes and myofibroblasts to fibroblasts have been investigated. Prolongation of the prothrombin time and marked elevation of serum bilirubin levels are indicators of a subgroup of patients with alcoholic hepatitis who have a poor prognosis, especially if there is also evidence of hepatic encephalopathy. Supportive care and abstinence from alcohol are the foundations of therapy. Corticosteroid therapy appears to decrease the number of early deaths in patients with severe alcoholic hepatitis. Other experimental approaches to therapy include the use of propylthiouracil, anabolic-androgenic steroids, and insulin and glucagon.
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PMID:Alcoholic hepatitis: pathogenesis and approaches to treatment. 223 74

The association of HBV infection and glomerular damage was first reported by Combes et al in 1971, in a patient with nephrotic syndrome due to membranous glomerulopathy and chronic hepatitis B. Since, then, other glomerular diseases have been reported such as a) minimal changes nephropathy, b) IgA nephropathy, c) membranous-proliferative glomerulonephritis (MPGN), d) membranous, e) mesangial proliferative and f) lupus nephritis. All of them are associated with chronic hepatic disease and some of the following antigens: 1) HBsAg; 2) HBeAg; 3) HBcAg. These disorders are very frequent in Southeast Asia. Vertical transmission from mothers to fetuses may be important in maintaining the high carrier rate, and possibly plays a role in the development of glomerular damage. On the other hand, MPGN associated with HBsAg has rarely been reported and always with a favorable benign course. The present report describes interesting findings in a renal biopsy from a HBsAg and HBeAg carrier, who developed renal failure requiring hemodialysis. A 21 year old Korean man was admitted to the Hospital for nephrotic syndrome, microhematuria hypertension and renal failure. He had no previous history of blood transfusion, intravenous drug addiction, jaundice or liver disease. His father was HBsAg carrier with hepatic cirrhosis. An ultrasound examination showed normal renal size. Renal biopsy was performed and the patient received hemodialysis treatment. The specimen was processed for light microscopy, immunofluorescent studies and peroxidase-antiperoxidase technique. Frozen sections were studied by direct immunofluorescence for the identification of IgG, IgA, C1q, C3, fibrinogen and albumin. Paraffin sections stained by immunoperoxidase technique for HBsAg, using polyclonal monospecific rabbit anti-Human antisera (Dakopatts, Copenhagen).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with semilunar forms and massive deposits of IgA associated with HBsAg]. 229 14

The content of IgE, IgG, IgM and secretory IgA was measured in the stomatopharyngeal secretion (saliva) and in the intestinal secretion (coprofiltrates) of 58 patients aged 3 to 15 years suffering from chronic viral hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. It has been established that in addition to hyperimmunoglobulinemia, children with chronic viral diseases of the liver manifested elevated synthesis of immunoglobulins in the system of local immunity, including a high content of IgE in the alimentary secretions, thus pointing to enhanced antigenic stimulation occurring in this pathology.
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PMID:[Secretory humoral immunity in children with chronic viral diseases of the liver]. 239 65

The serum protein patterns of 38 patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis were studied and compared with those of 15 patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis and of 18 normal volunteers. Serum prealbumin and albumin were significantly lowered in alcoholic liver cirrhosis in comparison with the normals. In liver cirrhosis, the four acute phase reactants, alpha 1-antiproteinase, orosomucoid, and haptoglobin and caeruloplasmin, showed a pattern in serum, in which alpha 1-antiproteinase was increased, orosomucoid and haptoglobin were decreased, and caeruloplasmin was normal. Immunoglobulins G, A and M were significantly elevated. IgA was significantly more elevated in patients with alcoholic disease than in patients with cryptogenic cirrhosis. The construction of a surgical portal-systemic shunt resulted in a significant decrease in serum concentrations of the acute phase reactants, while prealbumin, albumin and immunoglobulins were unaffected.
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PMID:Serum proteins in liver cirrhosis: effects of shunt surgery. 245 Sep 57

The biological and clinical features and prognostic factors of 65 patients affected by alcoholic hepatitis were studied. All patients had an ethanol intake higher than 80 gr/day during at least 3 years. 22 patients were female and 43 male with a mean age of 45 +/- 11.7 years. 19 had acute hepatitis (29.2%), 2 had acute hepatic insufficiency (3%), one had acute cholestasis (1.5%), 14 had chronic hepatopathy (21.5%). 29 patients had the diagnosis (44.6%) confirmed by histologic analysis. All patients had liver enlargement, 25 had jaundice and 4 had fever. The hepatic biopsies showed steatosis in 53 cases, centrilobular sclerosis in 32 cases and cirrhosis in 19.8 patients developed hepatic encephalopathy, 3 had renal insufficiency, and 4 died. The levels of albumin (P = 0.0043), total bilirubin (P = 0.0003), prothrombin (P = 0.0001) and the development of hepatic encephalopathy or/and renal insufficiency were the parameters to define the group of patients with bad evolution, the IgA also being significant. The low mortality of our studied (6.1%) can be justified by the diagnosis at non-symptomatic stage. We recommend a liver biopsy in all patients with chronic alcoholism and liver enlargement, or biologic markers suggesting alcoholic hepatopathy.
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PMID:[Clinical forms and prognostic criteria in alcoholic hepatitis]. 249 51

The mean values of IgG and IgA were significantly higher in bilharzial patients than in the non bilharzial ones. The mean IgG level in patients with S. mansoni was significantly higher than that in patients with negative stool while the reverse was true as regards IgA. Among the bilharzial patients the mean values of IgG, IgM and IgA were significantly higher in C.A.H. and C.A.H. bilharziasis than in patients with pure bilharziasis, C.P.H. and C.P.H. with bilharziasis. It might be concluded that the altered immune response produced by schistosomiasis, the frequent exposure to the hepatitis B. virus and the bilharzial hepatitis lesions, all may pave the way for development of severe diseases e.g. chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Immunoglobulins in bilharzial patients with and without chronic hepatitis. 250 56

The frequency of mesangial IgA deposition was examined in 250 consecutive autopsy cases without known renal disease. Diffuse granular mesangial deposits of IgA were detected in 12 of 250 cases (4.8%). In six patients IgA deposits were associated with liver cirrhosis. Six patients (2.4%) suffered from various other conditions including endocarditis, bronchial asthma, cardiovascular disease, and neoplasia. Two of these patients had completely negative urine analysis on repeated investigations, whereas three patients exhibited microscopic haematuria and/or mild proteinuria. IgA1 was the major constituent in all specimens. C3c deposits in glomeruli were detected in one kidney. Our findings indicate that clinically overt renal disease is present in only a limited proportion of individuals with mesangial IgA deposits. Apparently, it represents the tip of an iceberg.
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PMID:Frequency of mesangial IgA deposits in a non-selected autopsy series. 251 84


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