Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A double-blind crossover study versus placebo of the renal effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug imidazole 2-hydroxybenzoate was conducted in 10 patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. The administration of the drug (750 mg, t.i.d., for three days) did not affect renal plasma flow, glomerular filtration rate, free water clearance nor the urinary excretion of sodium or potassium. Values of plasma renin activity also did not change after drug administration. Direct tubular damage from imidazole 2-hydroxybenzoate was also excluded by normal excretion of beta-2-microglobulin and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Urinary 6-keto-PGF1 alpha output were comparable during imidazole 2-hydroxybenzoate and placebo administration. These data indicate that this nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug does not affect the renal function in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Renal effects of imidazole-2-hydroxybenzoate in patients with compensated liver cirrhosis. 150 25

The influence of metenolone acetate (1 mg/kg b.m. orally) on intact and chronically thioacetamide-injured rat liver (experimental liver cirrhosis) was investigated over 14 d. Histological examination revealed nodular transformation of liver structure according to cirrhosis like lesions with hepatocellular and cholangiocellular proliferations. These structural alterations were more serious in the group treated with metenolone compared with the group without metenolone. Metanolone administration to animals with thioacetamide-induced experimental liver cirrhosis led to an increase in liver injury. This treatment seems to promote hepatic preneoplastic lesions induced by thioacetamide reflected by histology and induction of gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase and 7-ethoxycoumarin O-deethylase in injured livers. Metenolone did not interfere directly with the processes of connective tissue synthesis and degradation after thioacetamide pretreatment. Only little changes of the investigated biochemical parameters were seen after metenolone administration to animals with intact liver function: increases in serum cholinesterase and tissue N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity; decreases in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase in serum, liver hydroxyproline content and hepatic gamma-glutamyltranspeptidase activity. The observed changes reflect hepatic adaption processes under the influence of metenolone. The results of this study indicate that the risk of anabolic steroids in adjuvant therapy of liver cirrhosis cannot be calculated at present.
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PMID:Experimental treatment of thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis by metenolone acetate. A morphological and biochemical study. 167 20

The renal tubular damage in liver cirrhosis was evaluated by measurement of urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) activity in 32 patients with various stages of liver cirrhosis. The patients were divided to three groups (A, B, and C) according to Child's criterion and urinary NAG activity and renal function parameters were compared in these groups. As a result, urinary NAG activity in group C was significantly higher than group A and group B and slight elevation of serum BUN level and low creatinine clearance value were also observed in group C. In 8 patients who developed the renal failure in their clinical course the level of urinary NAG activity was markedly elevated in the early phase of renal failure. These results suggested that the measurement of urinary NAG activity was useful for early diagnosis of renal impairment in the cirrhotic patients.
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PMID:[Urinary N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity in liver cirrhosis with renal impairment]. 202 51

Using spectrophotometric method, we studied the activities of serum alpha-L-fucosidase, N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and alpha-D-mannosidase in 94 patients, of whom 32 had acute hepatitis, 4 subacute fulminant hepatitis, 27 chronic active hepatitis, 22 posthepatitic cirrhosis and 9 hepatocellular carcinoma. In comparison with normal controls, the activities of the three glycosidases in the patients were significantly increased. The degree of the elevation of alpha-L-fucosidase activity correlated to the clinical phases and the course of acute infection of hepatitis B virus (HBV). The levels of glycosidase activities could reflect to a certain degree the pathological variations of the liver. Monitoring the levels of glycosidase activities, especially alpha-L-fucosidase, would be helpful in the diagnosis and medical care of viral hepatitis and hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:Activities of serum enzymes in patients with viral hepatitis B, posthepatitic cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. 217 63

Several authors have suggested that the risk of developing aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity is greater in cirrhotic patients than in the noncirrhotic population. However, this has not been confirmed by other investigators. To compare the intensity and characteristics of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in cirrhotic and normal rats, 31 rats with carbon tetrachloride-induced cirrhosis with ascites and 35 control rats were treated with gentamicin. Each group of rats was divided into two subgroups in order to receive 10 or 40 mg per kg per day of gentamicin, and different subsets of animals were killed on Days 4, 8 and 12 of treatment for renal histological examination and determination of renal tissue gentamicin concentration. Urine volume, osmolality, sodium excretion and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity were measured daily throughout the study. Creatinine clearance and trough plasma concentration of gentamicin were determined in each animal immediately before killing. There were no significant differences between cirrhotic and control rats in relation to the magnitude of changes in urine volume, osmolality, sodium excretion and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity and creatinine clearance during gentamicin administration. The values of a histopathological score semiquantitatively assessing the renal morphological changes observed by light microscopy were not significantly different in cirrhotic and control rats. In addition, similar trough plasma and renal cortical tissue concentrations of gentamicin were observed in both groups of animals. These results suggest that, in this experimental model, cirrhosis does not increase the risk for aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity.
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PMID:Comparative study of aminoglycoside nephrotoxicity in normal rats and rats with experimental cirrhosis. 339 10

The mortality of liver cirrhosis has doubled during the past two decades and is still increasing in most of the European countries. One important feature and precursor of liver cirrhosis is liver fibrosis. Its aetiology includes a wide spectrum of well known causes, in Europe most frequently alcohol, virus infection, and chemical agents. The pathomechanism of liver fibrosis is unknown. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for early detection and treatment have been recently developed applying the results of pathobiochemical, cellular and clinical research. The composition of the excess hepatic connective tissue suggests the involvement of myofibroblasts and shows similarities to atherosclerotic plaques and lung fibrosis. The isolation, purification and cultivation of cells from liver biopsies offers new avenues for the study of fibroplastic cells. Clinical studies are now facilitated, since products of the collagen synthetic pathway - procollagen peptides - can be measured in serum with a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Further prospective studies including additional parameters of fibroplasia, such as N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, lysyl-oxidase and prolyl-hydroxylase will have to demonstrate the diagnostic value of such methods. Even today, they should be applied in therapeutic trials of chronic fibrotic liver diseases. Better knowledge of the molecular regulation of connective tissue and the use of new animal models and cellular systems support a successful search for new therapeutic tools. Above all, limitation of alcohol consumption, vaccination for viral hepatitis and elimination of chemical agents offer the prevention of fibrosis, which calls for major efforts on a nation-wide scale.
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PMID:[Liver fibrosis. 2]. 610 5

N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase is a lysosomal glycosidase, which participates in the catabolism of the mucopolysaccharides and of the glycoproteins. For the determination of this enzyme the production of the substrate and a modified methodology are described. Measurements of the activity were performed by 4-nitrophenyl-alpha-D-galactopyranoside and 4-nitrophenyl-N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminide as substrates. Examinations of this enzyme were performed in patients with acute virus hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis and healthy test persons. In acute hepatitis and liver cirrhosis and significant increase of enzyme is provable, but not in protracted hepatitis.
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PMID:[Clinical value of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase and alpha-galactosidase in liver diseases]. 626 8

The simultaneous determination of the catalytic activities in serum of monoamine oxidase (EC 1.4.3.4) and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (EC 3.2.1.30) was performed in patients with various non-liver diseases, acute hepatitis and fibroproliferative liver disorders (cirrhosis and fibrosis) and the predictive values of the positive (both activities are pathologically elevated) and negative test results (normal activity of monoamine oxidase and/or N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase) were estimated. It was found that the incidence of the positive result is extremely low (0.024, 5/207) in patients suffering from a great variety of non-liver and liver diseases (except cirrhosis) but rather great in liver cirrhotic subjects (0.44, 18/41). A fraction of only 0.07 of liver fibrotic patients had a positive test result. Based on these data the estimated predictive value of the positive result for liver cirrhosis at a prevalence of 0.03 is 0.47. This value increases strongly with higher prevalence of cirrhosis (population preselected for chronic liver diseases). The negative predictive value for cirrhosis and the positive value for fibrosis are low. Thus, the probability of the presence of cirrhosis in patients with suspected chronic liver diseases is great in cases of abnormally high activities of both monoamine oxidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase. Negative test results (normal catalytic activities of one or both enzymes), however, do not prove the absence of liver cirrhosis and/or liver fibrosis.
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PMID:The diagnostic potential of the combined determination of serum monoamine oxidase and N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase for fibroproliferative liver diseases. 685 16

The mortality of liver cirrhosis has doubled during the past two decades and is still increasing in most of the European countries. One important feature and precursor of liver cirrhosis is liver fibrosis. Its aetiology includes a wide spectrum of well known causes, in Europe most frequently alcohol, virus infection, and chemical agents. The pathomechanism of liver fibrosis is unknown. Diagnostic and therapeutic approaches for early detection and treatment have been recently developed applying the results of pathobiochemical, cellular and clinical research. The composition of the increased hepatic connective tissue suggests the involvement of myofibroblasts and shows similarities to atherosclerotic plaques and lung fibrosis. The isolation, purification and cultivation of cells from liver biopsies offers new avenues for the study of fibroplastic cells. Clinical studies are now facilitated, since products of the collagen synthetic pathway -- procollagen peptides--can be measured in serum with a sensitive radioimmunoassay. Further prospective studies including additional parameters of fibroplasia, such as N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase, lysyloxidase and prolylhydroxylase will have to demonstrate the diagnostic value of such methods. Even today, they should be applied in therapeutic trials of chronic fibrotic liver diseases. Better knowledge of the molecular regulation of connective tissue, and the use of new animal models and cellular system support a successful search for new therapeutic tools. Above all, limitation of alcohol consumption, vaccination for viral hepatitis and elimination of chemical agents offer the prevention of fibrosis, which calls for major efforts on a nation-wide scale.
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PMID:[Liver fibrosis. 1 (author's transl)]. 745 64

We measured plasma concentration of endothelin-1 in three children with Byler's disease, five with biliary atresia after portoenterostomy, and nine controls. No patients had ascites or hepatorenal syndrome. Plasma endothelin-1 levels were significantly higher in patients with Byler's disease than in the controls (5.19 +/- 0.90 versus 1.81 +/- 0.19 pg/ml, respectively; p < 0.01), but were normal in operated biliary atresia. Urinary concentrations of N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase (NAG) were significantly higher in the patients with Byler's disease than in controls. Plasma endothelin-1 level correlated significantly with serum concentration of bile acid (r = 0.91; p < 0.01) and urinary concentration of NAG (r = 0.92; p < 0.01). We conclude that plasma endothelin-1 levels are high in patients with severe biliary cirrhosis and that endothelin-1 may partially contribute to development of renal injury in cirrhosis.
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PMID:Plasma endothelin-1 levels of children with cirrhosis. 747 10


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