Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

When normal lymphocytes were stimulated with PHA in the presence of serum taken from patients with various liver diseases, lower lymphocyte transformation was seen in many cases. The occurrence of a serum inhibitory factor in liver diseases tends to increase with the progress of the disease from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis of the liver. No such inhibitory factor was detected in two asymptomatic HBs-antigen carriers. When the inhibitory factor was fractionated by DE-52 column chromatography, an active component was obtained and shown to have mobilities from alpha2-globulin to beta-globulin in cellulose acetate membrane electrophoresis. However, two active fractions were separated by DEAE-cellulose column chromatography with stepwise increases of the concentration of the acetate buffer and their mobilities were consistent with those of alpha1-globulin and alpha2-globulin, respectively. In 11 cases of acute hepatitis which were followed for at least 6 months, three out of four inhibitory factor positive cases developed into the chronic form and the other became a protracted case. On the other hand, six out of seven inhibitory factor negative cases completely recovered and the remaining case followed a protracted course.
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PMID:Studies on an inhibitory factor to phytohemagglutinin-induced lymphocyte transformation found in the serum of patients with various liver diseases. 8 90

Lymphocytes from patients with HBs-Ag-positive and -negative acute, chronic-persistent, and chronic-active hepatitis, from healthy controls and from patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis were tested under standardized conditions. These included use of a single charge of Phytohemagglutinin (PHA-P) dissolved and diluted in one operation, of a single pool of homologous serum of the major blood group AB found free of HBs-Ag and cytotixic factor, and elaboration of PHA dose response curves in the presence of autologous and homologous serum in each case examined. During the early phase of acute virus hepatitis B and non-B, and in HBs-Ag-positive chronic persistent and active hepatitis, hyperresponsiveness of lymphocytes to PHA was observed independently of the source of the serum present in the culture. Lymphocyte responsiveness returned to normal in the later phase of acute hepatitis and depressed in alcoholic liver cirrhosis and in cases of HBs-Ag-positive chronic active hepatitis in which cirrhosis had developed. Although the cause of these alterations in lymphocyte responsiveness is not completely understood, the central role of a primary change of the lymphocytes themselves affecting their ability to react to PHA seems probable.
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PMID:Lymphocyte proliferation to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) in hepatitis B antigen-positive and -negative hepatitis. 44 26

The cell mediated immunity has been studied by 3 different tests on a population including 32 african patients with cirrhosis; amongst those, 18 were HBs Ag carriers and 14 were Hbs Ag-. In those 2 groups, the intradermal tuberculin test and the DNCB cutaneous test showed a striking imminutary deficiency in half cases. The lymphoblastic transformation induced by PHA gave less striking results.
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PMID:[Cellular immunity in 18 cirrhotic African carriers of hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg)]. 58 Sep 21

To determine the seroprevalence of hepatitis C virus in the Philippines and compare it with the seroprevalence of hepatitis B virus infection, HBV and HCV markers in 594 serum samples collected from 392 blood donors, 123 medical and paramedical personnel, and 80 patients (45 liver diseases: 25 acute hepatitis, 9 liver cirrhosis, and 11 hepatocellular carcinoma; 28 hepatitis B carriers, and 7 chronic renal failure patients undergoing dialysis) in Davao, Mindanao Island, Philippines, were examined. HBsAg was determined by RPHA, anti-HBc by HI, anti-HBs by PHA, and HBsAg subtypes, HBeAg, and anti-HBe by EIA. HCV markers determined were anti-HCV (anti-C100-3) by ELISA (Ortho Diagnostic Systems), and anti-HCV core (anti-CP9 and/or anti-CP10) also by ELISA. Results showed that 9 (2.2%) blood donors were anti HCV positive; 69 (15.4%) were anti-HCV core positive Nine (2.2%) were HBsAg carriers; 240 (61.3%) were anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc positive (HBsAg carriers excluded from this group). Two of 123 medical and paramedical staff (1.6%) were anti-HCV positive; 11 (8.1%) were anti-HCV core positive; Eight (6.5%) were HBsAg carriers and 81 (65.8%) anti-HBs and/or anti-HBc positive. Five of 11 (45.4%) hepatocellular carcinoma patients were HBsAg carriers; 2 were anti-HCV core positive. Two of 9 liver cirrhosis patients were anti-HCV positive (1 to anti-HCV and the other to anti-HCV core).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Seroepidemiology of hepatitis C virus infection in the Philippines: a preliminary study and comparison with hepatitis B virus infection among blood donors, medical personnel, and patient groups in Davao, Philippines. 190 61

HBsAg, HBcAg and AFP in small liver cancer (less than or equal to 5 cm) and adjacent non-neoplastic liver tissue were assayed by peroxidase-antiperoxidase (PAP) method. The positive rates of HBsAg, HBcAg and AFP in liver cancer tissue were 13.8% (9/65), 9.2% (6/65) and 75.0% (42/56), while those in the uninvolved liver tissue were 93.3% (97/104), 46.2% (48/104), 66.1% (37/56), respectively. 3.6% (2/56) of cancer tissue and 33.9% (19/56) of unaffected liver tissue were found to have these three markers simultaneously. Pathologically all showed chronic hepatitis changes, and 66.3% (69/104) of them had cirrhosis. The development of liver cancer may be associated with HBV/DNA integration, but it does not rule out the possibility of HBV replication in the canceration. The phenotype patterns of HBAg possess variable clinical significance and HBV replication affects the long time survival of the patients with liver cancer. The results show that both cancer foci and their surrounding tissue could secrete AFP, and the AFP positive rate in liver cancer with negative sero-AFP is 30% (3/10). The sensitivity of assaying HBsAg in PAP method was 1.4 times as high as that of R-PHA or orcein stain. Small liver cancer is a valuable material to the study of human liver cancer.
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PMID:[Immunohistochemical study on HBsAg, HBcAg and AFP in 104 patients with small liver cancer]. 247 May 64

To evaluate cellular immunity, mitogen-induced lymphocyte transformation was assessed in 146 patients with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, including 63 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH), 34 with liver cirrhosis (LC), and 49 patients combined with liver cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The PHA-induced transformation indices (TI) were lower in patients with chronic HBV infection, especially in the LC and the HCC groups. The Con A-induced TI were also diminished in patients with chronic HBV infection. The mitogen-induced TI in patients with CH showed no significant difference in regards to different histological patterns, HBeAg/anti-HBe statuses, sex groups, age distributions, and SGPT levels. However, the mitogen-induced TI were substantially higher in CH patients with elevated serum AFP levels, especially in the group with AFP levels over 100 ng/ml. From these data, we conclude that: (1) impaired PHA-induced TI in patients with LC may partly explain the high risk factor of LC in the occurrence of HCC; (2) the reduction in TI induced by optimal concentration of Con A reflects the defective suppressor cell activity in patients with chronic HBV infection, even in patients with HCC; (3) no significant difference among the control group and patients with chronic HBV infection in PWM-induced TI implies that the response of B cells may be normal in patients with chronic HBV infection; (4) elevated mitogen-induced TI in CH patients with high AFP levels indicate that the activation of lymphocyte may contribute to the severity of inflammation and tissue damage.
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PMID:Lymphocyte transformation in patients with HBsAg-positive chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and hepatocellular carcinoma. 255 96

To investigate whether disordered immune function, as shown by abnormalities in lymphokine production, is present in alcoholic liver disease, interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 activity were assayed in a group of patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis in the absence of underlying cirrhosis, and a group of patients with inactive alcoholic cirrhosis. Activities of both IL-1 and IL-2 in alcoholic hepatitis were similar to those of normal individuals, although in abstinent patients with alcoholic cirrhosis, IL-1 activity was increased and IL-2 activity decreased. Lymphocyte transformation in response to PHA in patients with alcoholic hepatitis was significantly impaired when compared with normal controls, and addition of exogenous IL-2 did not correct this impaired response over a wide range of concentrations of both PHA and IL-2. These observations suggest the underlying defects in cell mediated immunity in acute alcoholic hepatitis, as assessed by blast transformation, could be fundamentally different from those of alcoholic cirrhosis and could be secondary to the metabolic effects of acetaldehyde or altered redox potentials on the behaviour of proliferating cells.
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PMID:Contrasts in interleukin-1 and interleukin-2 activity in alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. 262 42

alpha 1-Acid glycoproteins (alpha 1-AG) were collected from the ascites of patients with liver cirrhosis or liver cancer, respectively, and their physical, chemical, and biological properties were compared. The substance obtained from patients with liver cancer showed a 2-3 times higher inhibitory effect on [3H]thymidine uptake by human peripheral lymphocytes stimulated with PHA than that obtained from patients with cirrhosis. The two substances showed differences in their affinity to wheat germ agglutinin (WGA) and concanavalin A (Con A). Of the fractions obtained by lectin affinity chromatography, the Con-A bound fraction showed the greatest lymphocyte proliferation inhibitory activity. The alpha 1-AG levels were elevated in both the patients with cancer and those with infectious disease, but the level of the Con-A bound fraction was elevated only in those with cancer. This study suggests that the molecular variants of alpha 1-AG differ in their carbohydrate structure with the disease, and that the cellular immunity of the host way be partially controlled by changes in the content of these molecular variants.
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PMID:Comparative study of alpha 1-acid glycoprotein molecular variants in ascitic fluid of cancer and non-cancer patients. 338 35

Reactions of cell-mediated immunity are investigated in 32 healthy controls and 134 patients with chronic liver diseases (E-rosette-forming cells, lymphocyte transformation test, leucocyte migration inhibition test using the T-cell-mitogens Phytohaemagglutinin and Concanavalin A). The number of E-rosette-forming cells is significantly decreased in chronic active hepatitis, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. The 3H-thymidine uptake in the lymphocyte transformation test by use of PHA and Con A is markedly reduced especially in active and progressed liver diseases. PHA caused a significant higher inhibition of leucocyte migration in patients with alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis than in healthy controls. A dependency between the results of the two tests is not detectable (Chi 2-test). We found in individual cases of groups with liver diseases serum inhibition factors by MIT, but not correlations with other immunological or clinical-chemical parameters. The pathogenetical value of the used methods in cases with chronic liver diseases is questionable.
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PMID:[Comparative in vitro studies of cell-mediated immunity in chronic liver diseases]. 348 41

The IS substance (molecular weight: 52,000, pI: 2.7-3.3) levels in the serum was examined in patients with various diseases. The IS substance levels in patients with gastric, colorectal, biliary-pancreas and esophageal cancer were significantly higher than those in healthy volunteers. The level of IS substance increased in accordance with advance of cancer, showing the highest level in advanced and recurrent cancer patients. In benign disease patients, high levels of IS substance were also observed in the serum of infectious diseases and chronic renal failure. In contrast, patients with liver cirrhosis had a definite low level of IS substance. When the IS substance level was compared with other parameters in cancer patients, a definite correlation was found with immunosuppressive acidic protein and alpha 2 globulin. However, there was no correlation with skin reaction, lymphocyte number, T-cell number, or PHA induced lymphocyte blastgenesis. It is suggested that the IS substance level is a useful indicator to judge the extent of disease before operation and to estimate the clinical course after operation.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of a serum immunosuppressive (IS) substance in various diseases]. 619 93


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