Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Factor VII levels have been measured in 100 patients with liver disease following parenteral vitamin K1 therapy. There was good agreement between specific factor VII measurements and the one-stage prothrombin time apart from six patients with compensated cirrhosis in whom the prothrombin time was prolonged despite the presence of normal factor VII levels. A mean activity of 58% was found in patients with cirrhosis. Cirrhotic patients with features of hepatic decompensation had a significantly lower mean level of activity (40%) than the "contrast" patients with surgical obstruction of the major bile ducts (93%). Patients with chronic active liver disease had moderate depression of factor VII levels and those with non-cirrhotic liver damage had mean activities similar to the contrast group. Factor VII levels could not be correlated with BSP retention but there was a correlation with serum albumin concentration. It is concluded that the prothrombin time using Quick test with a standardized thromboplastin showing good sensitivity to factor VII, eg, the Manchester reagent (BCT), provides a reliable index of coagulability in chronic liver disease, and specific factor VII assays are not indicated.
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PMID:Factor VII as a marker of hepatocellular synthetic function in liver disease. 100 40

In 31 patients with cirrhosis of the liver undergoing porta-caval shunt surgery, the prognostic value of some liver function tests was studied. The surgical mortality was not correlated with the test results. Serum concentrations of bilirubin, albumin, and prothrombin were not correlated with postoperative encephalopathy, but the mutually correlated preoperative galactose elimination capacity and age of patients were correlated with encephalopathy development. Incapacitating encephalopathy mainly occurred in patients above 60 years of age, and when the galactose elimination capacity was at or less than an arbitrary limit of 225 mg/min. The liver function decreased significantly following operation.
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PMID:Preoperative liver function tests correlated with encephalopathy after porta-caval anastomosis. 107 89

A prothrombin complex concentrate was used in attempts to control life-threatening hemorrhage in 4 patients with chronic liver disease. The population manifested profuse bleeding from varices and/or hemorrhagic gastritis; 3 had Laennec's cirrhosis and 1 had postnecrotic cirrhosis from childhood hepatitis. In all patients the complex was given in amounts needed to raise the prothrombin (factor II) level to approximately 100% of normal. In all 4 cases the prothrombin time and prothrombin complex factors approached normal within 1-2 hr after beginning the infusion. In all patients bleeding ceased with correction of the clotting status. One patient rebled several hours after completing the infusion. In several patients, increases in factors V and VIII were noted following infusion of the concentrate. A further unexpected finding was a spontaneous increase in factors II and IX at 3 days postinfusion. Prothrombin complex concentrate appears to be useful in controlling the hemorrhage of chronic liver disease when used alone or in combination with other modalities to correct specific hemostatic defects; however, patients may be expected to rebleed when the effect of the concentrate wears off. Its use, therefore, should probably be restricted to those patients who are to undergo corrective surgery of the bleeding point once hemostasis is achieved.
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PMID:Prothrombin complex concentrate: use in controlling the hemorrhagic diathesis of chronic liver disease. 108 Mar 55

Histiocytosis X describes a disease characterized by histiocytic infiltration of the reticuloendothelial system, skin, bones, and pituitary gland. The disseminated form frequently occurs in infants and children. Chemotherapy has significantly improved the prognosis in this disorder. Sixty-three per cent of survivors, however, have some residual disability related to fibrosis of tissues previously infiltrated by histiocytes. In instances of liver involvement, healing by fibrosis may result in cirrhosis with portal hypertension and bleeding esophageal varices. Clinical findings include hepatosplenomegaly, jaundice, ascites, hypoalbuminemia, prolonged prothrombin time, and Bromsulphalein retention. Histologic examination of the liver shows a characteristic dense "macronodular" periportal cirrhotic pattern. Three children with portal hypertension and bleeding varices due to healed histiocytosis X were sucessfully managed by portosystemic shunt procedures. Portacaval, mesocaval, and central splenorenal shunts were equally effective in relieving poral hypertension. These children had neither recurrence of bleeding nor evidence of encephalopathy. Two children remain well whereas in one patient a primary hepatoma developed fourteen years posthung and he died of pulmonary metastases. Portosystemic shunt procedures effectively relieve the threat of potentially fatal variceal hemorrhage and improve the opportunity for long-term survival in children with cirrhosis and portal hypertension due to healed histiocytosis X.
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PMID:Portal hypertension in infants and children with histiocytosis X. 108 50

The following tests were performed in 15 cases of chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH), 12 of cirrhosis, and 8 of other forms of chronic disease: liver function, thromboelastogram, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), determination of factors I, II, V, X and XIII, euglobulin and FDP lysis, and platelet count, shape and agglutinability. At least one haemostasis alteration was observed in nearly every case, the most common being in the thromboelastogram, PTT, prothrombin, and platelet shape and agglutinability. Defects were most marked in cirrhosis and comparison with CAH was significant in the case of PT and factor V. Fibrinolysis was increased in 60% of the CAH group and rarely elsewhere. Haemorrhage was noted in 7 cases of cirrhosis and 1 of CAH. On each occasion, it was more dependent on the serious nature of the disease, rather than defective haemostasis.
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PMID:[Hemostatic changes in the course of different chronic hepatopathies]. 111 9

Albuminopoyesis, prothrombin activity, BSF clearance, bioptic and sometimes also laparoscopic pictures have been examined in order to test the hepatic activity of SAMe. This study has been carried out in patients suffering from liver cirrhosis and other chronic hepatites. The above-mentioned parameters proved to be significantly improved in almost all the 25 patients studied and checked after 30 and 60 days' treatment with 30-45 mg SAMe administered by slow intravenous route.
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PMID:[Therapeutic action of S-adenosylmethionine in some chronic hepatopathies]. 114 92

Hemostatic defects of chronic aggressive hepatitis (CAH), 25 cases, and of liver cirrhosis, 20 cases, were investigated. The following assays were performed: liver function tests, thromboelastogram, prothrombin time (PT), partial thromboplastin time (PTT), factors I, II, V, X, XIII, euglobulin lysis time, fibrinogen degradation products (FDP), platelet count, morphology and agglutinability. High incidence of hemostatic defects was present in both groups. Thromboelastogram, PTT, prothrombin and qualitative platelet abnormalities were most common. On the whole, severity of hemostatic alterations in cirrhosis was more pronounced than that found in CAH, FDPs were increased in more than 50% of the CAH cases and only in a few cirrhotic patients. Bleeding occurred more frequently in cirrhosis (55%) than in CAH (4%) and, within the cirrhotic patients' group, it was associated with a more severe thrombocytopenia.
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PMID:Hemostatic abnormalities in chronic aggressive hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. 117 44

The inflammatory reaction includes, after an initial tissue lesion, a catabolic phase with proteolysis, an exudative reaction phase, and finally an anabolic phase with the formation of an inflammatory granuloma. The reaction should be considered, however, as an initial inflammation, rapid and limited to the affected tissues, and a secondary inflammation induced at a distance by a humoral mechanism with the appearance of pathological globulins. Only certain anti-inflammatory agents act at these two levels : steroids and non-steroids. Corticosteroids can be used effectively in small doses. Courses of salicylates are difficult to manage and are not standardized. Fenamates and indometacine lead to psychiatric disorders. The only useful drugs are phenylbutazone and hydroxyphenylbutazone. These two drugs can be used alone, or in combination, or eventually being superseded by anti-coagulants. As they are derived from pyrazolidine, they are above all preventive. Their absorption in the digestive tract is rapid and almost complete ; the maximum plasma concentration occurs 2-4 h. after injection. Delayed accidents occur 7-15 days after the last dose. Suppotanderil and suppophenylbutazone are used at the dose of 250ml, 2 or 3 times a day. They may be combined with AVK depending on the clinical signs and the prothrombin and Howell's time. These drugs are contraindicated in patients with ulcers, with haematological diseases, and with severe cirrhosis. They should always be replaced straight away by anti-coagulants in patients with valve prostheses or with severe rhythm disorders.
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PMID:[Place of anti-inflammatory agents in the prevention of deep phlebitis]. 120 33

The authors have analysed the development of various coagulation factors in 104 cases of common virus hepatitis in young adults. Total plasma coagulability, the prothrombin complex, factors VIII and IX, fibrination and fibrinolysis were followed up during this evolution and compared, using the usual statistical methods, with the results of the same investigations carried out on 100 healthy subjects belonging to the same age-group and on 31 patients suffering from cirrhosis of the liver. Statistical methods showed up the slightest disturbances of any significance which would have been overlooked if individual results only had been examined. As it was, there was total plasma hypercoagulability which was at its maximum at the onset of development but which persisted until the 7th week. It was mainly connected with an abnormality at the second stage of fibrination, that is : polymerisation of the fibrin monomers. The results obtained do not allow a conclusion to be drawn as to whether there exists an antipolymerase or dysfibrinogenaemia. Later research dealing specifically with the chemical structure of fibrinogen in hepatitis should provide further information. In practice, assessment of total plasma coagulability, using cephalinkaolin time, and analysis of fibrination by thrombin time are of definite value on account of their sensitivity.
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PMID:[Coagulation factors during the development of common viral hepatitis]. 121 72

The urinary excretions of L-xylulose, xylitol and D-glucarate after the oral administration of glucuronolactone (5 g) were measured in normal healthy persons, patients with diabetes mellitus, acute hepatitis in recovery stage, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. In normal subjects, the mean value of L-xylulose excretion was 14.6 +/- 1.4 mumol/2 h with a range from 6.5 to 21.8. Marked increase of L-xylulose excretion was observed in cirrhotic patients, the mean value was 97.1 +/- 19.8 with a range from 22.0 to 236.6. Though some cases of acute and chronic hepatitis showed higher values than the normal range, no case exceeded 50 mumol/2 h. The urinary excretion of xylitol in cirrhotic patients was also higher than normal no increase was observed in D-glucarate excretion. The values of L-xylulose excretion in cirrhosis were correlated with the values of serum total bilirubin, albumin, albumin/globulin ratio, lactate dehydrogenase and prothrombin time. These findings indicate that the measurement of L-xylulose in urine after the oral glucuronolactone loading provides a useful tool for evaluation of the severity of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Increased urinary excretion of L-xylulose in patients with liver cirrhosis. 124 50


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