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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

An unusual nodular lesion of the liver is reported. The appearances closely resembled those described in cases referred to as partial nodular transformation, but there were several unusual features; these included areas with the appearances of cirrhosis, and significantly raised alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase. Differentiation of this condition from other nodular lesions described in the literature is discussed. In the case reported here the Rose Waaler and Latex tests were also positive and this may be significant in view of certain types of nodular conditions described in some rheumatoid conditions. Although it is quite possible that these various lesions are related histogenetically, until more information becomes available, it is proposed that the lesion described here represents a variant of partial nodular transformation in which the changes in some areas have progressed to a stage of fibrosis.
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PMID:An unusual nodular lesion of the liver: probable partial nodular transformation. 3 29

Serum bile acids were measured in 28 patients with established liver disease. The peak serum level after a meal was as sensitive an index of liver disease as a combination of serum bilirubin, aspartate amino transferase, alkaline phosphatase and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and was more often abnormal than any one of the four tests. Serum bile acid measurements may be of most value in detecting cirrhosis when the activity of disease is minimal.
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PMID:Serum bile acids and rountine liver function tests in patients with chronic liver disease and cholestasis. 28 16

The biliary tree of 66 patients with cystic fibrosis was examined by conventional roentgenographic methods. Forty-five per cent of the oral cholecystograms were judged abnormal by our criteria. A study was considered abnormal if there was no visualization or if there was visualization of a microgallbladder or structural abnormality including marginal irregularities, septate gallbladder or cholelithiasis. Intravenous cholangiography was used to further study the 22 patients who did not visualize on the oral study. Again, anatomic abnormalities were prevalent but six patients in this group had normal appearing gallbladders. Abdominal pain, a frequent symptom in cystic fibrosis, was not associated with roentgenographic abnormality. No correlation was seen between the external biliary tree abnormalities and multifocal biliary cirrhosis which was present in 40% of these patients. Further, no correlation was seen between serum gamma glutamyl transpeptidase levels and either of these lesions.
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PMID:Clinical observations on the biliary system in cystic fibrosis. 127 40

This study evaluates the correlation between long-term weight history and health risks. One thousand three hundred and sixteen male subjects of normal weight (-5%(-)+5% by Broca's obesity index) at age twenty, were studied. The average age of the subjects was 43.7 +/- 6.5 (M. +/- S.D.) years old. According to their long-term weight history, the subjects were classified into four groups: weight lost (N = 35), weight stable (N = 502), mild weight gain (N = 187), severe weight gain (N = 592). Odds ratios for systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, uric acid, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, shortness of breath, hyperperspiration, angina pectoris, and hypertension were significantly higher in the severe weight gain group than in the stable weight group. Stepwise logistic regression analysis was performed by choosing weight history, obesity index, age, and smoking and drinking habits as the independent variables. Weight history was shown to be a significant variable in systolic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure, glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, glutamic pyruvic transaminase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, triglyceride, shortness of breath, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Odds ratios for factors suspected of promoting atherosclerosis were significantly higher in the severe weight gain group. Results of this study indicate that a weight gain of over 7 kilograms appears to be the critical level that is associated with health risks.
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PMID:[Health risk assessment of long-term weight history]. 213 52

Over the period of the past 9 years (1980-1988), 320 patients (mean age 60.9 +/- 13.2 years) suffering from various liver diseases have been examined. There were three main groups of patients: (1)--24 patients with primary liver cancer (PLC), 19 of them with hepato- and 5 with cholangiocellular carcinoma, (2)--153 patients with metastatic liver tumors (MLT), and (3)--143 patients with inflammatory liver diseases (ILD). The results of examination of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA), alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (GMT) in these patients have been analyzed with the aim to evaluate their contribution to the differential diagnostics of tumorous and inflammatory liver processes. For the diagnostics of malignant hepatoma AFP appeared to the most specific test. The significance of other tests for diagnostics of malignant hepatic diseases is obviously limited. These tests are recommended to be considered (in the case of their increase) in close connection with the clinical image and additional examinations. The importance of correlation between cirrhosis and malignant hepatoma is also to be noticed. In spite of all this, we believe that in the case of positivity of the above tests the patients have to be carefully examined and followed up, and that the clinical course and the dynamic of the mentioned tests has to be thoroughly observed. Because of the specificity of values of the AFP-test with malignant hepatoma, we find it useful to perform this test in all patients with chronic liver diseases.
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PMID:Alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen and various biochemical tests in patients with tumorous and inflammatory liver diseases. 246 43

Standard biochemical liver function tests and the clearances of antipyrine and indocyanine green have been compared in psoriatic patients taking methotrexate, psoriatic patients on topical treatment, patient controls and patients with hepatic cirrhosis. The methotrexate-treated patients showed significant elevations in alkaline phosphatase (p less than 0.025) and gamma glutamyl transpeptidase activities (p less than 0.05) compared to topically treated psoriatics and patient controls. The clearance of antipyrine was reduced in the methotrexate treated group but not significantly (p less than 0.1 greater than 0.05). In contradistinction, the weight-adjusted clearance of indocyanine green was significantly impaired in the methotrexate group in comparison with the topically treated psoriatics (p less than 0.01). The clearance of both antipyrine and indocyanine green were markedly lowered in the cirrhotics (p less than 0.001 against all other groups). These data suggest that the serial measurement of alkaline phosphatase and indocyanine green clearance may provide a non-invasive indicator of the development and progression of methotrexate-related liver injury.
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PMID:Hepatic metabolic function in patients receiving long-term methotrexate therapy: comparison with topically treated psoriatics, patient controls and cirrhotics. 286 99

Six-year survival of cirrhosis was assessed in a series of 1155 consecutive patients (751 men, 404 women). Among the men, 33% were alcoholics and 18% were HBsAg positive; corresponding figures for the women were 15% and 6% respectively. Features of decompensation at first presentation were observed in 63% of the patients. Six-year survival was 54% in compensated and 21% in decompensated patients. No significant differences in survival were found between alcoholics and nonalcoholics. Leading causes of death were liver failure (49%), hepatocellular carcinoma (22%), and bleeding (13%). The prognostic role of 21 variables was evaluated separately in compensated and decompensated patients by the Cox's regression model. The following variables were found to be significant predictors of death risk in compensated patients: male sex, HBsAg positivity, age, prothrombin time prolongation, and esophageal varices. In decompensated disease the significant indicators of death risk were: hepatocellular carcinoma, encephalopathy, hemorrhage, SGOT, esophageal varices, gamma globulins, prothrombin time prolongation, continued abuse of alcohol, HBsAg positivity, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase, and cholinesterase. A simple prognostic index based upon the relative risk coefficient of the significant variables is suggested.
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PMID:Survival and prognostic indicators in compensated and decompensated cirrhosis. 300 9

Patients with jaundice and hyperbilirubinemia over 34 mumol/l have been examined by different methods in order to assess the diagnostic value of the methods. 340 patients were examined clinically and by laparoscopy, 168 patients and 92 healthy persons were examined by 10 laboratory indices, 639 patients--by ultrasonography, 95 patients--by scintigraphy, 116 patients--by computer tomography, 83 patients--by endoscopic retrograde cholangio-pancreatography (ERCPG), 17 patients--by percutaneous transhepatic cholangiography (PTC), 70 patients--by directed liver biopsy. In the patients with cholestasis the 5'-nucleotidase, alkaline phosphatase, glutamyl transpeptidase (lipoprotein X is positive in 92% of the patients) and cholesterol are increased most. The extrahepatic obstructions are diagnosed by ultrasonography in 94.8% of the patients (the biliary ducts are dilated), in 88.7% of the patients the localization of the obstruction and in 74.7% of the patients the cause of the obstruction are found. In parenchymal jaundice the sonography reveals the disease which has caused jaundice in 62.1% of the patients. The scintigraphy gives correct diagnosis in 50% of the patients with hepatitis and jaundice, in 78% of the patients with cirrhosis and jaundice and in 87.5% of the patients with liver cancer. The computer tomography reveals the obstructive jaundice in 94.7% of the patients and the focal processes in the liver in 96.7% of the patients. The ERCPG gives a clear picture of the biliary ducts in 72.28% and of the pancreatic duct in 83.13% of the patients with jaundice, simultaneously the biliary and the pancreatic ducts--in 45.78% of the patients and correct diagnosis in 83.1% of the patients examined.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Differential diagnosis of jaundice]. 343 27

In experimental animals endotoxin administration causes increased levels of thromboxane B2 and prostaglandins. Liver cirrhosis is often complicated by endotoxemia. In sixteen patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis, we measured plasma thromboxane B2 levels. In twelve patients we found on one or more occasions raised plasma thromboxane B2 levels. Raised plasma thromboxane B2 levels were associated with significantly higher serum levels of urea, alkaline phosphatase, gamma glutamyl transpeptidase and lower antiplasmin and antithrombin III levels. It is possible that some of the complications in patients with alcoholic liver cirrhosis are mediated by thromboxanes.
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PMID:Raised plasma thromboxane B2 levels in alcoholic liver disease. 657 82

Alcoholic hepatitis (AH) seems to be less frequent and to play a lesser role in the death of cirrhotic patients than previously acknowledged. The purpose of this work was: 1) to study the cause of death of cirrhotic patients 2) to determine the prevalence of AH among these patients and 3) to describe the clinical and laboratory features of cirrhotic patients with AH. The data were collected from a series of 107 necropsies in cirrhotic patients without hepatocellular carcinoma. The statistical analyses were carried out with an IRIS 80 computer. Severe liver failure with jaundice and encephalopathy, hemorrhage and uncontrolled infection with septic shock represented 84 p. 100 of the causes of death in patients with cirrhosis. Seventy-nine out of 107 patients (74 p. 100) had no AH (group 1), and 28 (26 p. 100) had AH (group 2): AH was mild in 15 cases and severe in 13 cases. All patients with AH died from a complication directly related to their liver disease while 21.5 p. 100 of patients without AH died from a complication not related to cirrhosis. The clinical and laboratory features of the patients without AH and cirrhosis differed from those of patients without AH by: a more frequent presence of fever (p less than 0.01), the absence of important weight loss (p less than 0.001), the total absence of abstinence (p less than 0.05), a higher value of ASAT/ALAT ratio, of serum levels of total bilirubin (p less than 0.01) and conjugated bilirubin (p less than 0.05), gamma glutamyl transpeptidase (p less than 0.001) and total cholesterol (p less than 0.05).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[Acute alcoholic hepatitis and death of cirrhotic patients]. 666 31


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