Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Serum ornithine carbamyl transferase (OCT) was evaluated on eighteen dogs. Three groups were used, the first and second ones were treated with carbon tetrachloride (CCI(4)) to produce acute hepatic necrosis and cirrhosis. To the third group a ductus choledochus ligation was performed to simulate extrahepatic cholestasis. Ornithine carbamyl transferase has proven its use in all phases of hepatic necrosis, but only after the fourth day in the extrahepatic cholestasis. Finally in cirrhosis, it was sometimes difficult to interpret the results.
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PMID:[Serum ornithine transcarbamylase (OCT) activity in experimental liver diseases in the dog]. 424 89

Protein calorie malnutrition is frequently a complication in the chronic liver disease patient and is considered to be a negative prognostic factor. Anorexia and several other endocrine metabolic complications produce an hypermetabolic state that needs more caloric intake. Hepatic encephalopathy is one of the developments possible in patients with descompensated cirrhosis. The wellknown role of ammonia in the pathogenesis of hepatic encephalopathy has determined a restriction in dietary protein along many decades. Nevertheless, there is no evidence about a low protein diet being better in the outcome of hepatic encephalopathy, it worsens, moreover, the nutritional status and helps in the development of many nutritional related complications. This article reviews the use of oral branched-chain amino acids and proteins of different sources, probiotics, synbiotics, antioxidants, oral L-Ornithine L-Aspartate and acetyl-L-carnitine in patients with hepatic encephalopathy.
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PMID:[Importance of nutritional support in patients with hepatic encephalopathy]. 2273 58

Minimal hepatic encephalopathy (MHE), a complex neuropsychological complication of cirrhosis, is characterized by delayed reaction time and the inhibition of abnormal response. This network meta-analysis (NMA) was adopted to compare the efficacy of five drugs including lactulose, probiotics, rifaximin, acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC), and L-Ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA) in the treatment of MHE. The Cochrane Library, PubMed, and Embase databases were searched for any existing entail on these five drugs from the inception to February 2018, including Randomized controlled trials (RCTs). The NMA of the five drugs, accounting for both direct and indirect comparisons to assess WMD (weighted mean difference) and SUCRA (surface under the cumulative ranking curves) was conducted. In total, 10 RTCS with 826 MHE patients met the inclusion criteria and were included in the NMA. The meta-analysis revealed that compared with placebo, lactulose, and probiotics had better efficacy in reducing ammonia serum levels and total SIP (Sickness Impact Profil) score; ALC had better efficacy in lowering serum level of ammonia and increasing the serum level of albumin; rifaximin and LOLA had better efficacy in reducing total SIP score. The results from SUCRA revealed that in terms of ammonia and albumin serums, ALC presented with the highest rankings when it comes to efficacy (serum ammonia: 87.2%; serum albumin: 92.25%). Hence, the key findings from the present study highly suggested that ALC had the best efficacy in the treatment of MHE patients.
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PMID:Efficacy of different drugs in the treatment of minimal hepatic encephalopathy: A network meta-analysis involving 826 patients based on 10 randomized controlled trials. 2993 39

L-Ornithine L-aspartate (LOLA), a stable salt of L-ornithine and L-aspartate, readily dissociates into its constituent amino acids that are readily absorbed by active transport, distributed, and metabolized. L-ornithine serves as an intermediary in the urea cycle in periportal hepatocytes in the liver and as an activator of carbamoyl phosphate synthetase, and, like L-aspartate, by transamination to glutamate via glutamine synthetase in perivenous hepatocytes as well as by skeletal muscle and brain. By way of these metabolic pathways, both amino acids participate in reactions whereby the ammonia molecule is incorporated into urea and glutamine and it is the nature, cellular, and biological location of these pathways that underpins the application of LOLA as an effective ammonia-lowering strategy widely used for the management and treatment of hepatic encephalopathy. These metabolic pathways were elucidated based upon studies in experimental animals and were confirmed by studies in patients with severe liver diseases. More recent studies suggest that LOLA may have additional direct hepatoprotective properties. Moreover, its use may result in improvements in skeletal muscle function in cirrhosis.
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PMID:Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Properties of L-Ornithine L-Aspartate (LOLA) in Hepatic Encephalopathy. 3070 24