Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The authors studied the influence of liver homogenates as a whole and collected at various intervals after partial hepatectomy on cirrhosis of the liver. The lyophilized homogenates were administered over a period of 6 weeks to various groups of albino rats pretreated with CCl4 for a period of 6 months. The normal liver homogenate did not influence the histological and biochemical picture of the hepatocirrhosis. The material collected 48 hours after partial hepatectomy causes a moderate stimulation of the mechanisms of parenchymatous regeneration. 7 days after partial hepatectomy (in the postmitotic period) the hepatic regenerate shows a biological effect with lysis of collagen fibres and protection of parenchymatous cells.
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PMID:Effects of the liver homogenate obtained following partial hepatectomy on cirrhosis of the liver. 6 Nov 33

Alpha-fetoprotein was detected in the serum and urine of 2- to 9-mth-old rats subjected to protracted CCl4 poisoning. During the first 3 mth of the experiment, urinary excretion of AFP was found in 30-40 per cent. of the animals, increasing to 70 per cent. thereafter. The liver lesions progressed from acute parenchymal necrosis to cirrhosis, but hepatocellular carcinomas did not develop. Uptake of tritiated thymidine by the hepatocytes increased significantly but was constant throughout the experimental period. The findings are compared to the observations made during 3mDAB-induced hepatocarcinogenesis in the rat.
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PMID:Urinary excretion of alpha-fetoprotein in rats on a cirrhogenic carbon tetrachloride regimen. 7 75

The dynamics of the thymus cell densities was studied during CCl4-induced cirrhogenic hepatopathy. The results show that all thymus compartments take part in immune phenomena occurring in the whole lymphatic system. The maximal intensity of thymus participation is attained in precirrhosis and evolutive cirrhosis. Within the cortical zone, the cell density pyroninophilia and blast-transformed cells increase during the first two months. After two months, there is a decrease of the pyroninophilic elements within the cortical zone, concomitantly with their increase at the medullary level, thus suggesting a migration process of the cells, which change the cortical-medullary ratio.
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PMID:Thymus quantitative morphological changes during CCl4-induced liver cirrhosis. 15 Dec 24

Enzyme deviations in injured livers were studied by analyzing isozyme patterns of phosphorylase using a newly developed electrophoretic method, which separates six molecular species of this enzyme, i.e. M,FM,F,L,L', and FL'. In hepatic injuries caused by CCl4 and galactosamine intoxications of rats, F appeared in early stages and L' (and FL') in later stages of the injuries with a concurrent decrease or loss of L, which is a sole isozyme component of adult liver. In injured livers of patients with hepatitis and cirrhosis of the liver, increases in FL' activity were also found. Appearance of F was found only in hepatocellular carcinoma. The results obtained with phosphorylase isozyme analysis support the idea that an undifferentiated gene expression takes place in the injured livers of non-malignant hepatic disorders.
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PMID:Studies of liver phosphorylase in hepatic injuries II. Alteration in isozyme pattern. 15 93

Liver carcinogenesis with a single dose of aflatoxin B1 (7 mg/kg body weight) has been investigated in a group of female Wistar strain rats by repeated biopsies and necropsies. Another group received a subsequent intoxication with carbon tetrachloride by inhalation (approximately 200 doses) and another one was overloaded with riboflavin (25 parts/10(6) in drinking water). The frequency of hepatomata was almost equal in the aflatoxin and aflatoxin-carbon tetrachloride group. It was lowere in the riboflavin-aflatoxin group. In these 3 groups cirrhosis was never present in neoplastic livers. Megalocytosis was the first lesion observed. All tumoral livers had previous or concomitant megalocytosis. This modification was about as frequent, intense and widespread in aflatoxin-CCl4 and aflatoxin groups but appeared much earlier, as did the first hepatoma, in the aflatoxin-CCl4 group. It was less frequent, less intense and less widespread in the riboflavin-aflatoxin group than in the aflatoxin group. There was also a lower frequency of hepatomata in the riboflavin-aflatoxin group, but the difference was not significant due to the too small number of animals involved. The facts are not a proof of the existence of an obligatory link between megalocytosis and carcinogenesis since a slight megalocytosis was observed in the riboflavin group not affected by the neoplastic process. However, the simplest explanation of our results would be to consider that the potential tumour cells are located among the megalocytic cells, without admitting that every megalocyte is obligatorily a precancerous cell. CCl4 seems to act in shortening the time of appearance of megalocytosis. The protective effect of riboflavine should be regarded with more caution.
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PMID:Influence of carbon tetrachloride or riboflavin on liver carcinogenesis with a single dose of aflatoxin b1. 17 84

Cirrhosis of the liver was induced in rats weighing 120--140 g by CCl4 administration for a period of 2 months. Iodated oil, which caused emboly of the portal vein branches and foci of necrosis in the heptic tissue, was administered through the spleen to experimental and intact animals. The volume of necrotic foci, and also the mitotic actinity of hepatites were determined. Necrotic foci resolved more rapidly in cirrhosis of the liver. An increase of mitotic index of the second day after the administration of iodated oil was more significant in control rats.
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PMID:[Change in the mitotic activity of hepatocytes and resorption of necrotic areas in the formation of liver cirrhosis]. 18 Nov 2

Liver protocallagen proline hydroxylase activity (PPH activity) was determined in patients with various liver diseases, CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats and cholin deficiency (tcd) fatty liver rats. The following results were obtained: Liver PPH activity in patients with chronic hepatitis was higher than that in patients with acute hepatitis, while the activity in patients with liver cirrhosis was much higher than that in patients with chronic hepatitis. The activity was higher in patients with chronic active hepatitis than in those with chronic inactive hepatitis. Patients with active and progressive liver cirrhosis were found to have an especially high PPH activity, in whom the activity reflected well the degree of liver fibrosis. Even though fibrosis in persistent hepatitis was almost negligible or slight, the degree of liver PPH activity in persistent hepatitis was similar to that in liver cirrhosis. Liver PPH activities in CCl4-induced liver fibrosis rats and CD fatty liver rats elevated proportionally to the lapse of time. Whilst liver PPH activity in rats of CD fatty liver without fibrosis in 23 to 31 weeks after the start of the experiment was slightly lower than that in rats of CD fatty liver with fibrosis. But liver PPH activity of the former was considerably higher than that of control rats.
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PMID:Liver protocollagen proline hydroxylase in human liver diseases and experimental liver fibrosis. 19 57

The presence and distribution of collagenase in experimental CCl4 cirrhosis of the liver in rats has been studied by immunohistochemical techniques. A monospecific anti-rat uterus collagenase antibody was raised in rabbits and used for indirect immunofluorescence staining of liver sections obtained from rats in both the reversible and irreversible stages of CCl4-induced cirrhosis. Collagenase is present assoicated with connective tissue septums as long as cirrhosis is reversible, and it is not detectable in the irreversible stage. In animals sacrificed during the transition between the reversible and irreversible stages of cirrhosis, collagenase appeared bound to the outer surfaces of connective tissue septums and was absent from the deeper portions. These observation suggest that the irreversibility of experimental CCl4 cirrhosis of the liver is associated with a disturbance in the mechanisms of collagen degradation, which may be a deficiency in collagenase activity, a change in the susceptibility of the substrate, or a combination of both factors.
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PMID:Collagenase in experimental carbon tetrachloride cirrhosis of the liver. 20 92

The metabolism of amphetamine was studied in three groups of mice, including normal mice (N), mice given chronic doses of phenobarbital via their drinking water (PB), and mice exposed to carbon tetrachloride vapors daily during the course of chronic phenobarbital consumption (PB/CCl4). Renal and hepatic tissue from animals of each group were examined by electron microscopy. Mice in the PB/CCl4 group demonstrated the classical symptoms of carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatic cirrhosis, and structural damage to the kidney. The PB group presented a normal renal pathology, but ultrastructural changes including swollen mitochondria and dilation of the endoplasmic reticulum were evident in the hepatocytes. The N, PB and PB/CCl4 mice excreted 84.5, 61.5 and 72.3 percent respectively of a dose of 14C-amphetamine sulfate in the 0-72 hour urine. Seven major urinary metabolites were detected in the normal group, 4 in PB group, and 3 in the PB/CCl4 group. Unchanged amphetamine, rho-hydroxyamphetamine and benzoic acid were tentatively identified by combined techniques of gas chromatography and thin-layer chromatography with autoradiography.
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PMID:Amphetamine metabolism in mice exposed chronically to phenobarbital and to phenobarbital with carbon tetrachloride. 44 95

Plasma histamine level (PHL) was evaluated by a modified fluorometric assay (Suzuki) in the patients with various forms of liver disease as well as rabbits with liver injury. And the data obtained were compared with liver function tests in assessing the stage and prognosis of hepatic dysfunction. In acute hepatitis, if its prognosis was "good", as was also shown in the animal group with single dose administration of CCl4, the level of plasma histamine attained a peak before that of serum transaminases, and returned to normal prior to that of the latter. In persistent and chronic hepatitis, although correlation between PHL and other liver function tests was poor and variable, PHL remained high. And the estimation of PHL during the course of this state showed that it was elevated prior to that of serum transaminases, in dicating high level of plasma histamine in this state, even in apparent "steady state", worsening of the disease. In liver cirrhosis PHL correlated with the degree of serum transaminases as well as serum gammaglobulin. In "poor prognosis" group (patients with hepatic coma and rabbits treated with consecutive administration of CCl4) PHL increased extremely high, which was contrasted with the lowered levels of transaminases. These results strikingly suggest that histamine is involved in liver injury and estimation of PHL in the course of hepatic disorder is useful for a prediction of prognosis.
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PMID:Role of plasma histamine in liver injury--clinical and experimental investigations. 48 24


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