Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The distribution of 16 antigens of the HLA-A and 15 antigens of the HLA-B series of HLA system, the blood groups ABO, and Rh antigens were studied in 40 alcoholics with cirrhosis, 18 alcoholics without cirrhosis, and in normal control subjects. The group of alcoholics with cirrhosis showed a significantly high frequency of HLA-B13 (corrected P less than 0.01) when compared with normal subjects, while the frequency of HLA-B13 was similar to normal in alcoholics without cirrhosis. On the basis of these findings, its seems that the carriers of HLA-B13 are more susceptible to liver damage caused by alcohol. Both groups of alcoholics and the normal controls had a similar distribution of ABO blood groups and Rh antigens.
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PMID:Distribution of HLA histocompatibility antigens, ABO blood groups and Rh antigens in alcoholic liver disease. 10 57

The fact that only a small percentage of excessive drinkers develop cirrhosis may be due to a genetic susceptibility to the disease. In order to identify possible genetic risk factors for cirrhosis, we studied mixed-race (Negroid-Caucasian) inhabitants of the French West Indies and compared: (1) the frequency of 51 HLA-A, -B, -C and -DR antigens in 41 subjects with alcoholic cirrhosis and in two control groups consisting of 41 excessive drinkers free of liver disease and 51 healthy non-drinkers; and (2) the frequency of Gm and Km haplotypes in the same groups. Analysis of the Gm system also determined the patients' ethnic origins. The frequency of the HLA-A2 antigen was significantly higher in the cirrhotic patients than in the control group of excessive drinkers (chi 2 = 4.47; P less than 0.05), while that of the HLA-B15 antigen was significantly lower (chi 2 = 5.14; P less than 0.05). The frequency of the Cw4 antigen was significantly higher in the cirrhotics than in the non-drinkers (chi 2 = 5.59; P less than 0.05). However, these differences did not persist when the number of comparisons was taken into account. The frequency of Gm and Km haplotypes was not significantly different in the three groups. In conclusion, complementary studies are required to determine the value of the Gm-Km system as a marker of susceptibility to alcoholic cirrhosis. Our results do not identify an association between HLA antigens and cirrhosis specific to a negroid ethnic group and support the notion that such an association is weak.
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PMID:HLA Gm systems and susceptibility to alcoholic cirrhosis: a study of mixed-race subjects. 176 53

To study the role of genetic factors in hepatitis B virus (HBV)-related liver diseases, HLA typing with 47 specificities of HLA-A, B, C and DR loci using Terasaki's 2-stage microlymphocytotoxicity method was performed in 253 normal subjects and 305 patients with various HBV-related liver diseases, including 95 healthy carries of HBV, 30 with chronic persistent hepatitis (CPH), 74 with chronic active hepatitis (CAH), 51 with liver cirrhosis and 55 with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). The frequency of HLA-B17 was significantly higher in patients with HCC than in healthy carriers (27.3% vs 4.2%, Pc less than 0.01). A similar situation was noted for HLA-DR3 in a comparison of patients with CAH and healthy carriers (37% vs 10%, Pc less than 0.05). Comparisons among various groups involving other specificities were statistically nonsignificant. It is concluded that genetic predisposition to the development of CAH, as well as HCC is present in HBsAg carriers, and further clarification of underlying mechanisms is needed.
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PMID:HLA-A, B, C and DR antigens in chronic hepatitis B viral infection. 262 Sep 4

beta 2-Microglobulin display was examined in 131 liver biopsies from patients with acute and chronic type B hepatitis, using an indirect immunoperoxidase method. Enhanced expression of beta 2-microglobulin on hepatocyte membranes was observed in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis with moderate to severe activity and cirrhosis, when compared with normal liver. In acute hepatitis, beta 2-microglobulin-positive hepatocytes were mainly observed in perivenular areas in association with bridging necrosis. In chronic hepatitis, beta 2-microglobulin-positive hepatocytes were observed mainly in periportal zones and in some areas of lobular activity. Diffuse-enhanced display of beta 2-microglobulin on hepatocytes was observed in 5 of 6 patients treated with lymphoblastoid interferon as part of a trial of antiviral therapy. The mechanism by which beta 2-microglobulin display is enhanced on hepatocytes in patients not treated with interferon is uncertain. However, display of beta 2-microglobulin on hepatocytes probably reflects display of HLA-A, B and C antigens and may influence the course of hepatitis B virus infection by increasing susceptibility of the affected cells to T cell-mediated immune attack.
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PMID:Expression of beta 2-microglobulin on hepatocytes in acute and chronic type B hepatitis. 351 Sep 50

The frequency of 26 HLA-A and B antigens and of antibodies to the hepatitis B core antigen (anti-HBc) and surface antigen (anti-HBs) has been studied in 150 alcoholic patients divided into 3 groups: I) n = 50, isolated hepatic steatosis; II) n = 50, acute alcoholic hepatitis +/- cirrhosis; III) n = 50, cirrhosis without acute alcoholic hepatitis. For the control group 184 blood donors were selected. In all these subjects, as in all the alcoholic patients, the Alsatian origin of four grand parents was proved. An increased frequency of HLA-B15 was observed in group III (34 p. 100) compared to the control group (9.8 p. 100) (corrected p less than 0.001). There was no significant difference between the four groups for all the other HLA antigens. In group III, the prevalence of anti-HBc and/or anti-HBs was higher in patients with HLA-B15 (64.7 p. 100) than in patients without this antigen (15.1 p. 100) (p less than 0.001). In groups I and II, there was no significant difference. These results suggest that there is a genetic predisposition to cirrhosis without acute alcoholic hepatitis, dependent on HLA-B15 antigen. This predisposition could involve the hepatitis B virus.
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PMID:[Prevalence of HLA-A and -B antigens, anti-HBc and -HBs antibodies in alcoholic hepatopathies]. 387 4

The frequency of HLA-B40 was significantly increased in 30 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis with cirrhosis (63%) and in 60 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis with or without acute alcoholic hepatitis (48%) compared with its frequency in 234 healthy blood donors (18%). The HLA-B40 frequency was not increased in 20 patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis without cirrhosis (0%), in 41 patients with fatty liver infiltration (12%), or in 67 alcoholics with moderate biochemical abnormalities (19%). The association between HLA-B40 and alcoholic liver cirrhosis and acute alcoholic hepatitis with cirrhosis favors the idea that these disorders might be genetically determined. There was, however, no difference in the distribution of the HLA antigens in 54 patients with different degrees of alcoholic liver disease and an elevated carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) value of greater than or equal to 5.0 micrograms/l compared with 61 alcoholics with different degrees of liver disease and a normal CEA value. Thus, the results of HLA-A and -B typing gave no evidence of genetic susceptibility to develop a CEA elevation in patients with alcoholic liver disease.
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PMID:Association between HLA-B40 and acute alcoholic hepatitis with cirrhosis and the lack of relation between carcinoembryonic antigen and HLA antigens in alcoholic liver disease. 667 57

The prevalences of 10 HLA-A and 16 HLA-B antigens were determined in 50 patients with alcoholic cirrhosis and 120 alcoholic patients without cirrhosis and compared with those in a control group of 550 healthy subjects from the same geographical area. B40 was absent in the patients with cirrhosis but was found in 18 (15%) of the patients without cirrhosis (p = 0.0087). No other association was noted. It is concluded that there is no good evidence to date of an association between HLA antigen state and susceptibility to alcohol-induced cirrhosis.
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PMID:Are HLA antigens important in the development of alcohol-induced liver disease? 680 59

HLA-A, B and DR antigens were determined in 33 patients suffering from confirmed alcoholic hepatitis, with or without cirrhosis. Past alcohol consumption and plasma immunoglobulins were also determined in 21 cases. An increased frequency of the DR-3 antigen was found in patients as compared with the control group (a sample of the Geneva population (31% v. 11%, p less than 0.05)). Although past alcohol consumption tended to be less in DR-3 positive patients in comparison with the other patients, the difference was not significant. No other differentiating clinical, immunological or histological features were observed among DR-3 positive patients. Our findings that there appears to be an increased frequency of DR-3 antigens in patients with alcoholic hepatitis, together with the previous work showing an increased frequency of HLA-B8 in the same condition, is particularly interesting in the light of the known association of both these antigens with autoimmune disease. These results would suggest that liver damage in chronic alcoholism is genetically predisposed, and that autoimmune mechanisms could be involved in the pathogenesis of alcoholic liver disease.
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PMID:Increased frequency of DR3 antigen in alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis. 698 85

This study was undertaken to assess the frequency of development and the stages of evolution of chronic liver disease in patients with renal failure who are chronic carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen. Cirrhosis or chronic active hepatitis developed in five of 21 patients and could not be predicted by the initial histological appearance or by HLA-A and B typing but was associated with the e antigen in four of the five patients. However, the antigen was not a consistent indicator of a poor prognosis, as the four other e antigen positive patients did not develop chronic liver disease during the period of the study. Transmission of hepatitis B to spouses occurred in four cases, was fatal in one instance, and was associated with e antigen in three of the four. Determination of e antigen status in renal unit patients who are carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen may be of value to the patient and his home environment.
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PMID:Liver disease and the e antigen in HBsAg carriers with chronic renal failure. 738 Mar 32

Hereditary hemochromatosis (HFE) is an inherited recessive disorder which causes progressive iron overload. Homozygotes for the affected gene develop symptoms of parenchymal organ damage and especially liver cirrhosis in midlife. Early diagnosis is important in order to prevent symptoms. The protein responsible for the increased iron absorption is unknown. The tight association of the disease gene with HLA-A has been known for nearly 20 years, but its precise localization remains uncertain. Linkage and linkage disequilibrium analyses in different populations have focussed on two possible locations of the gene either very close to HLA-A, or at the telomeric site of 6p in the vicinity of the D6S105 marker.
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PMID:Hunting the hemochromatosis gene: progress and problems. 783 73


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