Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The study of a group of 114 hepatic patients allowed us to demonstrate the presence of an isophosphatase band, called ALP4, which can be of value as an index of evolutive cirrhosis. A certain correlation between the presence of this alkaline phosphatase isoenzyme in serum and histological evidence of moderate or extreme inflammatory response in liver biopsies was shown.
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PMID:Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes in liver cirrhosis. 63 78

A reaction of the RES with its organs (lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow and Kupffer's cells) is not uncommon in rheumatoid arthritis. Although these manifestations are pronounced in Felty's syndrome, reviewing articles about Felty's do not mention liver manifestations. This paper summarises the publications about liver findings in Felty's syndrome. Hepatomegaly, abnormal bromsulfalein tests, raised alkaline phosphatase and transaminases have been stated in many case reports. Among 34 patients, the frequency of hepatomegaly was 68%, of abnormal bromsulfalein tests 27%, of alkaline phosphatase 23% and of transaminases 18%, respectively (52). Alkaline phosphatase and transaminases were raised in almost all of 12 patients (3). The histological correspondence is an infiltration with lymphocytes of sinusoids and portal fields, a portal fibrosis and occasionally a cirrhosis. These histological abnormalities, as well as enlarged lymph nodes and splenomegaly, have to be considered as organic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. If the nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, which has been reported also after use of contraceptives, is a manifestation of Felty's syndrome, remains unresolved.
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PMID:[Liver findings in Felty's syndrome. A review]. 69 99

The urinary excretion of D-glucaric acid, a catabolite of glucuronic acid, is considered to be a reliable index of the state of hepatic microsomal enzyme activity. Because enzyme activity may be altered in liver disease, we examined the effect of liver disease on the excretion of this metabolite and its correlation with liver function tests. We studied 89 patients with nonhemolytic jaundice, 39 with viral hepatitis, 33 with obstructive jaundice, six with cirrhosis, and 11 patients with jaundice of mixed etiology. Glucaric acid excretion was significantly increased in all these patients as compared to controls, most pronounced in the obstructive jaundice group. No correlation was found between glucaric acid excretion and concentrations of bilirubin, albumin, globulin, aspartate aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, cholesterol, or gamma-glutamyltransferase in serum, even though the concentrations of these analytes did vary with the type of liver disease. We suggest that this increase in glucaric acid excretion is an indication of normal or even increased glucuronidation (UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity), which occurs in liver disease.
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PMID:Increased D-glucaric acid excretion by jaundiced patients. 69 85

The clinical course is reported in 17 patients in whom the histological picture of subacute hepatic necrosis ("bridging hepatitis") was found on needle liver biopsy or at autopsy. The patients' ages ranged from 10-71 years, 12 patients being less than 40 years old. Ten patients were males. Jaundice lasted 2-4 months in nine cases and over six months in two, one of the latter having developed cirrhosis. In five patients a relapse of jaundice occurred within three months. Hepatitis B antigen was found in one of 13 patients tested. Two patients died in fulminant hepatic failure, one developed cirrhosis. These three patients and an additional two received prednisone therapy. Twelve of the remaining patients were followed for periods of 8-81 months; an additional two patients' follow-up was incomplete. None developed clinical evidence of chronic liver disease, and laboratory data at the last examination were normal except for slight elevation of alkaline phosphatase in six cases. Repeat biopsies showed persistent hepatitis in one case, slight portal fibrosis in one, cirrhosis in one and at autopsy in a patient who died of unrelated causes two years after hepatitis no evidence of chronic liver disease was found. This relatively good outome of subacute hepatic necrosis is probably due to the young average age of the patients, and the low incidence of B hepatitis in this series.
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PMID:The clinical course of subacute hepatic necrosis. 74 11

Furosemide is frequently used for ascites and causes adverse reactions (AR). In an intensive prospective drug monitoring study of 1,920 patients, 172 (8.9%) had cirrhosis of the liver and received furosemide. Mean age was 53 years, and 66.3% were male; and 87% had alcoholic cirrhosis. Eighty-eight (51.2%) had 221 events that by consensus of the monitoring team and attending physicians were either definitely of probably related to furosemide. No AR was fatal but 24% of patients had severe reactions. Almost all reactions were dose-related (96%). The most common were electrolyte disturbances (23.3% of patients) and volume depletion (14%). Furosemide-induced coma occurred in 20 (11.6%) patients and was more frequent in patients with prior hepatic encephalopathy (p less than 0.0005). Higher total doses (p less than 0.001), hyerbilirubinemia (p less than 0.05), prolonged prothrombin time (p less than 0.02), and longer hospital stay (p less than 0.001) were associated with higher frequencies of AR to furosemide. The frequency of hypokalemia did not decrease when potassium chloride or potassium-sparing diuretics were added to furosemide therapy. Frequdncy of AR did not correlate with age, sex, renal impairment, serum albumin, transaminase, or alkaline phosphatase.
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PMID:Furosemide-induced adverse reactions in cirrhosis of the liver. 75 67

Between 1968 and 1974, azathioprine has been used in a controlled prospective trial to treat patients with symptomatic but precirrhotic primary cirrhosis. Forty-five patients were admitted, of whom 22 were given azathioprine in a dose of 2 mg per kg of body weight. During the 1st year, serum aspartate transaminase levels showed a significant change in favor of the treated group, but improvement did not continue. Throughout the trial, serum alkaline phosphatase, bilirubin, cholesterol, albumin and immunoglobulin M values showed no significant change. Titers of serum mitochondrial antibodies tended to become negative more often in the treated than the untreated. Pruritus cannot be assessed objectively, but seemed less in the treated than in controls. Serial hepatic biopsy specimens showed the development of cirrhosis equally in the two groups. Survival, as judged by the life table method, was similar for the first 5 years of the trial. There was, however, a significant difference in favor of the treated group in the 6th year, although the number of patients available for assessment at that time was extremely small.
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PMID:A prospective controlled trial of azathioprine in primary biliary cirrhosis. 77 Feb 24

I evaluated the diagnostic value of routinely ordered liver-function tests in 175 biopsy-proven cases of hepatic disease by use of stepwise discriminant analysis. The tests studied-total and "direct" bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, lactate dehydrogenase, and aspartate aminotransferase-correctly classified 45-73% of cases, depending on the homogeneity of the diagnostic groups. Aspartate aminotransferase and alkaline phosphatase were the best discriminators. When all tests were used in the most homogeneous groups (tumors, cirrhosis, and hepatitis), there was a stepwise improvement in diagnostic accuracy from 51 to 73%.
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PMID:Diagnostic effectiveness of biochemical liver-function tests, as evaluated by discriminant function analysis. 84 56

Alkaline phosphatase isoenzymes have been studied by acrylamide gel disc electrophoresis in 76 patients with liver disorders comprising 15 with an extrahepatic lesion, 53 with an intrahepatic lesion, and eight patients who had features of both intra- and extrahepatic disease. No intestinal band was found in the 15 cases of extrahepatic liver disease, in marked contrast to the patients with intrahepatic lesions in whom an intestinal band was found in 45% of cases. The intrahepatic group was heterogeneous, a high incidence of intestinal bands being found in patients with cirrhosis of the liver. It is concluded that where a raised serum alkaline phosphatase is found in a patient with jaundice, and a gut band is present on electrophoresis, the lesion is likely to be intrahepatic.
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PMID:Intestinal alkaline phosphatase in the diagnosis of liver disease. 86 86

A study of liver abnormalities in 36 patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia in the absence of underlying infectious, connective tissue, or lymphoproliferative disorders revealed clinical or biochemical evidence of liver dysfunction in 84%. Hepatomegaly was detected in 77%, splenomegaly in 54%, and abnormalities in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, or serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in 77%. Only four of the patients had overt liver disease. Of 15 biopsies from 12 patients, there was normal tissue structure in two, minimal nonspecific changes in one, portal fibrosis in three, chronic persistent hepatitis in one, chronic active hepatitis in two, chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis in four, and postnecrotic cirrhosis in two. These findings, together with the previously reported high incidence of serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, support the view that the syndrome of purpura, arthritis, and nephritis is often a consequence of immune-complex vasculitis secondary to HBV infection.
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PMID:Liver involvement in the syndrome of mixed cryoglobulinemia. 90 Jun 72

This study was designed to compare the clinical and immunological characteristics of the hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive and HBsAg-negative (cryptogenic) forms of chronic active hepatitis. The data of 48 patients with chronic active hepatitis, 24 with persistent HBs antigenemia and 24 without HBsAg, were analysed. HBsAg was detected by counter-immunoelectrophoresis and radioimmunoassay. The clinical features, biochemical liver function tests, immunoglobulins, complement C3, antoantibodies, and cell-mediated immunoreactivity of the two forms of the disease were compared. Cirrhosis was found to occur more frequently at the time of diagnosis in the HBsAg-negative group, and the serum alkaline phosphatase level was raised significantly compared to the HBsAg-positive form. The elevation of the IgG level was greater in the cryptogenic form, but the difference was not statistically significant compared to the HBsAg-positive patients. There was a marked difference in the frequency of the mitochondrial antibodies, but not of the antinuclear factor and other autoantibody-like serum factors. Lymphoblastic transformation revealed a similar diminution in response to phytohaemagglutinin stimulation in both groups of patients compared to the normal controls. An increase of the 3H-thymidine incorporation was seen after stimulation with human liver mitochondrial antigen, and leukocyte migration inhibition could be observed with this antigen in both forms of chronic active hepatitis.
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PMID:Chronic active hepatitis in patients with and without hepatitis B surface antigenemia. 91 64


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