Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

5 patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), 9 patients with compensated hepatic cirrhosis of different etiology and 12 control persons were tested for renal acidification after peroral CaCl2 administration and urine Na2SO4 and pCO2 infusion as well as the gradient between partial urine pressure and blood pressure after NaHCO3 application. Distal renal tubular acidosis (DRTA) was diagnosed in one patient with PBC, latent DRTA in other 2 patients with PBC. Not even one patient's acidification disorder was eliminated through an increased sodium application to the acidification site after Na2SO4 application. After NaHCO3 application, the gradient between the CO2 partial pressure in the urine and blood in both patients with PBC was, however, latent, DRTA normal. After pH gradient elimination in patients with PBC and DRTA, the hydrogen iont secretion is thus comparable with the control persons. Based on this study, the authors believe that the gradient type of DRTA is characteristic of primary biliary cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Distal renal tubular acidosis in primary biliary cirrhosis]. 239 87

To determine whether tissue hypoxia occurred in cirrhosis, oxygen contents, mixed venous and hepatic venous lactate concentrations as well as systemic hemodynamics were studied in 53 patients with cirrhosis. The influence of liver failure on tissue oxygenation was also studied. Cardiac index and mixed venous and hepatic venous lactate concentrations were significantly higher in patients with cirrhosis than in 20 control subjects. Oxygen consumption, oxygen extraction ratio and mixed venous and hepatic venous carbon dioxide tensions were significantly lower in the former than in the latter. Oxygen transport was not significantly different between the two groups. Cardiac index and oxygen transport were not significantly different between grade A (Pugh's classification) and grade C patients. Mixed venous as well as hepatic venous lactate concentrations were significantly higher while oxygen consumption, oxygen extraction ratio and carbon dioxide tensions were significantly lower in grade C than in grade A patients. We conclude that tissue hypoxia occurs in patients with cirrhosis and hepatic insufficiency. This tissue hypoxia might be due to arteriovenous shunting-related limitation of tissue oxygen extraction.
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PMID:[Tissue hypoxia and hepatocellular insufficiency in patients with cirrhosis]. 251 89

Red lunulae are associated with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, alopecia areata, cardiac failure, hepatic cirrhosis, lymphogranuloma venereum, psoriasis, carbon monoxide poisoning, twenty-nail dystrophy, and reticulosarcoma. We examined four patients with red lunulae. Three had chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. Two of these three were alcohol abusers and were without any of the conditions previously associated with red lunulae. Two of the four also had palmar erythema. Histopathologic examination of the red lunula in one of the four cases did not show signs of neovascularization. We report our findings in these patients, which suggest that red lunulae result from increased arteriolar blood flow, a vasodilatory capacitance phenomenon, or changes in the optical properties of the overlying nail so that normal blood vessels become more apparent.
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PMID:Red lunulae revisited: a clinical and histopathologic examination. 264 22

Two cases of liver cirrhosis associated with marked hypoxemia are presented. Chest radiographs and cardiopulmonary function showed no abnormalities, except for the low diffusion capacity of carbon monoxide and slight elevation of the shunt ratio (20 and 6.2%, respectively), as estimated under conditions of 100% oxygen inhalation. Pulmonary perfusion imaging with Tc-99m macroaggregated albumin (MAA) revealed a significant radioisotope uptake in the lungs, brain, spleen, and both kidneys. Shunt ratios, estimated by the quantitative radionuclide method, were 60 and 68%, respectively. Dynamic pulmonary perfusion imaging revealed a gradual reduction in uptake in all areas of both lungs. The discrepancy of the shunt ratio between the two methods results from an abnormal dilatation of alveolar capillaries. The gradual reduction of radioactivity in areas of the lungs is caused by the passage of MAA particles through widened pulmonary capillaries.
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PMID:Detection of pulmonary telangiectasia using dynamic pulmonary perfusion imaging in patients with liver cirrhosis. 273 44

Donor plasma irradiated by ultraviolet rays was administered intravenously to patients with choledocholithiasis, chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis. Parameters of the acid-base balance of arterialized capillary blood shifted to alkalosis, were normalized, and tension of carbon dioxide and oxygen in the blood increased to physiological values. Dynamic changes of the biochemical parameters demonstrated alleviation of manifestations of the cholestasis syndrome.
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PMID:[Acid-base equilibrium of the blood during treatment using plasma UV-irradiation of chronic diseases of the liver and bile ducts with cholestasis]. 277 Jan 92

Methacetin undergoes rapid O-dealkylation by hepatic microsomal enzyme systems, and the resultant CO2 is present in the expired air. The rate of O-dealkylation of methacetin was assessed by the [13C]methacetin breath test in seven healthy volunteers and 30 patients with histologically proven chronic liver diseases. The 30-min recovery of orally administered [13C]methacetin as 13CO2 in the exhaled air was significantly reduced in patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis and in those with liver cirrhosis but not in patients with chronic persistent hepatitis or healthy controls. Patients with either advanced cirrhosis or hepatocellular carcinoma showed significantly lower values than those with well-compensated cirrhosis. The levels in two patients with late primary biliary cirrhosis were reduced. These results show that the severity of liver damage can be effectively evaluated by [13C]methacetin breath test. In addition, this test is simple, safe, and time efficient.
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PMID:[13C]methacetin breath test for evaluation of liver damage. 303 Jun 79

Alterations in protein and amino acid metabolism have been postulated to explain the frequent observations of muscle wasting and decreased plasma branched-chain amino acid concentrations in cirrhosis. In order to investigate the changes in protein metabolism, we have measured the rates of leucine turnover and oxidation in six stable, biopsy-proven cirrhotics and six age and sex-matched healthy control subjects after an overnight fast, using [1-13C]leucine tracer. Following a primed constant-rate infusion of [1-13C]leucine, the 13C enrichments of plasma leucine and expired CO2 were used to estimate leucine turnover and oxidation, respectively. Fat-free body mass was estimated from the measurements of total body water as quantified by H2[18O] tracer dilution. The rates of CO2 production and oxygen consumption were measured hourly during the study period, using open-circuit respiratory calorimetry. Urinary urea, ammonia and total nitrogen excretion rates were quantified from timed urine samples. Even though the plasma leucine levels were lower in cirrhotics as compared with controls (100.5 +/- 17.1 vs. 138.3 +/- 20.4 mumoles per liter, mean +/- S.D., p less than 0.001), the rates of leucine turnover were not significantly different in the two groups (89.4 +/- 19.0 vs. 87.8 +/- 19.0 mumoles per kg X hr). In contrast, the rates of leucine oxidation were significantly reduced in cirrhosis (8.1 +/- 2.5 vs. 12.7 +/- 3.1 mumoles per kg X hr, p less than 0.01). When all subjects were considered, the leucine oxidation rate was correlated with plasma leucine concentration (r = 0.62, p less than 0.03).(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Leucine metabolism in stable cirrhosis. 308 96

An oral water load of 20 ml kg-1 body weight was given to 11 patients with early hepatic cirrhosis and to 16 healthy control subjects. Urinary output (V), free water clearance (CH2O), urinary excretion of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and F2 alpha (PGF2 alpha), and plasma concentration of arginine vasopressin (AVP) were determined before and during the first 4 h after loading. During basal conditions, PGE2 excretion was the same in patients (75 pg min-1, median, range 15-569) and controls (78 pg min-1, range 22-262), but during the first hour after water loading, PGE2 increased to a significantly higher level in cirrhotic patients (423 pg min-1, median) than in control subjects (162 pg min-1) (P less than 0.05). No difference in PGF2 alpha excretion was found between the two groups. Urinary output and CH2O were significantly lower after water loading in patients than in controls. Arginine vasopressin before water loading did not differ between patients and control subjects, but after loading it was unchanged in the patients, whereas a significant reduction (1.9 to 1.4 pmol l-1, P less than 0.01) was found in the control subjects. In controls, but not in patients, PGE2 was significantly positively correlated to V and CH2O, and negatively correlated to AVP after water loading. Thus, renal PGE2 excretion is increased and CH2O is decreased after water loading in patients with early hepatic cirrhosis, and a disturbed relationship seems to exist between PGE2 on the one hand, and AVP and renal water excretion, on the other, in these patients after water loading.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Disturbed relationship between urinary prostaglandin E2 excretion, plasma arginine vasopressin and renal water excretion after oral water loading in early hepatic cirrhosis. 313 26

In 230 patients with histologically ascertained chronic hepathopathies the aminophenazone breathing test in the modification after Haustein and Schenker was carried out. In contrast to a control group consisting of 16 test persons with healthy liver (14CO2 exhalation 1019 +/- 175 DPM/mmol-CO2/70 kg body weight) the hepatic elimination of the [14C]-aminophenazone in chronic liver diseases (626 +/- 203 DPM/mmol CO2/70 kg body weight) was significantly restricted (p less than 0.001). The values of the aminophenazone breathing test showed a dependence on the degree of severity of the liver disease. Hepatoses with partly questionable or slight value of the disease did not differ in their results (841 +/- 230 DPM/mmol CO2/70 kg body weight) from those of persons with healthy liver. Chronic inflammatory liver diseases (668 +/- 185 DPM/mmol CO2/70 kg body weight) occupied an average position (p less than 0.001). The lowest values were to be seen in patients with chronic fibrosing liver diseases, mainly with liver cirrhosis (403 +/- 218 DPM/mmol CO2/70 kg body weight). Compared with the control group the difference was significant (p less than 0.001). Broad regions of overlapping of the individual values of various chronic liver diseases do not allow an unequivocal coordination of regions of the breathing test values to certain morphologically defined chronic hepatopathies. For the determination of size and degree of severity of the damage of liver parenchyma the aminophenazone breathing test, however, may be a valuable help in the framework of a special programme of diagnostics.
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PMID:[Behavior of the aminophenazone breath test in chronic liver diseases]. 324 51

Gluconeogenesis and alanine metabolism of normal and cirrhotic rats were studied in view of partial hepatectomy. Liver cirrhosis was made by repeated injection of thioacetamide in rat. Partial hepatectomy was performed by modified method of Higgins-Anderson. Liver glycogen and fructose-2, 6-bisphosphate were decreased after hepatectomy and recovered within 7 days in normal groups, while those of cirrhotic group reduced even in preoperative state were further decreased and hardly recovered after hepatectomy. Gluconeogenesis of perfused liver in cirrhosis was increased from both lactate and alanine preoperatively, but gluconeogenesis from alanine was not increased in both hepatectomized rats. ATP and energy charge were decreased after hepatectomy and recovered within two weeks. These level were lower in cirrhotic group, and decreased further and hardly recovered after hepatectomy. Alanine utilization to CO2 in vivo was not impaired in cirrhotic group either preoperatively or postoperatively. ATP and energy charge were increased by alanine injection in hepatectomized rats of both normal and cirrhotic group. In conclusion, glucose-insulin therapy of sufficient amounts is important to improve decreased glycolysis and abnormal gluconeogenesis on both post-hepatectomy period of normal and pre and post-hepatectomy period of cirrhosis. Also alanine is effective for stimulating decreased energy production.
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PMID:[Changes of gluconeogenesis and alanine metabolism following partial hepatectomy in normal and cirrhotic rats]. 339 28


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