Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

By observing a group of 20 patients with liver cirrhosis, we have clarified some features concerning the tissue hypoxia, which is often present in such a disease. By determining the levels of the haemoglobin and of the intraerythrocytic 2,3-DPG, and by evaluating the acid-base state of such patients, we have emphasized the increased output of the 2,3-DPG as mechanism of adaptation to hypoxia associated with hepatic cirrhosis, both in subjects with anemia and alkalosis and in subjects without anemia but with alkalosis.
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PMID:[Adaptation to hypoxia in liver cirrhosis: the role of 2,3-DPG (author's transl)]. 55 61

Automated ion exchange chromatography was used to compare red cell phosphorylates in clinically healthy subjects and 6 patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Significant changes in the distribution of these compounds were noted, including a marked increase in total acid-soluble content (particularly 2.3 DPG, R5P, 3MPG and G16DP) and a sharp fall in ATP. Increased 2.3 DPG explained the rightward shift of the haemoglobin dissociation curve seen in cirrhosis of the liver, but does not seem to fit in with enhanced blood ammonia. Deep-seated changes in red cell energy metabolism may have the same pathogenesis as the CNS metabolic change observed in hepatic encephalopathy.
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PMID:[Changes in the level of erythrocyte phosphorylated compounds in patients with hepatic encephalopathy]. 63 81

The erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate (2,3-DPG) was studied in patients with liver diseases, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, and in normal subjects. The level of 2,3-DPG in liver diseases occurred in the following increasing order: chronic persistent hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, and cirrhosis with hepatocellular carcinoma. A significant negative correlation between the 2,3-DPG concentration and serum albumin concentration was found in the liver diseases. The 2,3-DPG level was correlated to the serum concentration of total bile acids and to the arterial blood pH. A negative correlation was found between the arterial blood pH and the serum albumin concentration. The level of 2,3-DPG in hepatocellular carcinoma and/or liver cirrhosis was higher than that in more hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. And an increased level of 2,3-DPG was also shown in nonhypoxic patients with liver diseases. These results suggest that the level of erythrocyte 2,3-DPG increases according to the severity of the liver disease, and compared to the level in hypoxic chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, the level of erythrocyte 2,3-DPG is higher in both hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Erythrocyte 2,3-diphosphoglycerate in liver diseases. 282 16

To investigate the mechanisms underlying abnormal gas exchange in liver cirrhosis, 15 patients were studied while breathing room air, 11% O2, and 100% O2 in random sequence. Under basal conditions, patients showed mild reductions from normal in systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, normal PaO2 (mean, 92.5 +/- 2.5 mm Hg), mild hypocapnia (mean, 34 +/- 0.7 mm Hg), and a slightly right-shifted oxyhemoglobin dissociation curve (P50, 27.2 +/- 0.4 mm Hg; 2,3-DPG, 13.1 +/- 0.6 mumol/g). Using the multiple insert gas elimination technique, we found mild to moderate ventilation-perfusion (VA/Q) inequality with a mean of 5% (range, 0 to 20%) of cardiac output (QT) perfusing low VA/Q ratio (less than 0.1) areas but no shunt. Breathing 11% O2, there were significant increases in QT, pulmonary artery pressure, and vascular resistance, whereas no changes occurred in VA/Q distribution, and there was no evidence for alveolar-endcapillary diffusion limitation for O2. In contrast, after 100% O2 shunt developed and VA/Q relationships worsened without significant hemodynamic changes. Furthermore, patients with cutaneous spider nevi (n = 8) showed more hepatocellular dysfunction (lower prothrombin values), lower systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance, less hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction (HPV), lower PaO2, and more VA/Q mismatch than did those without spiders. Our results confirm, therefore, that HPV is not fully abolished, as previously described, in hepatic cirrhosis. However, those patients with more advanced hepatic disease exhibit inadequate pulmonary vascular tone, which increases VA/Q inequality and lowers PaO2.
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PMID:Gas exchange and pulmonary vascular reactivity in patients with liver cirrhosis. 357 8

Increased 2-3 Diphosphoglycerate levels in cirrhotic patients have been reported. Previous studies did not show significant changes in 2-3 DPG in anaemic cirrhotic patients when compared to non anaemic cirrhotic patients, but the role played by alkalosis and/or hypoxia has not been investigated. To study this question, haematic 2-3 DPG was measured in 8 male patients with liver cirrhosis (histologically diagnosed) together with PO2, PCO2, pH and Hct. 2-3 DPG was also measured in 6 healthy male volunteers. We found a significant increase in blood 2-3 DPG of cirrhotic patients compared to control subjects (5,55 +/- 0,4 vs 2,18 +/- 0,3 mmol/l erythrocytes respectively, p less than 0,001) in agreement with previous studies. PO2 levels and Hct value did not show important changes, whereas PCO2 and pH resulted to be very altered when compared to normal values, even though we could not correlate these values with blood 2-3 DPG. We conclude that the genesis of 2-3 DPG increase is multifactorial, however an alteration in acid-base equilibrium seems to play a more important role than hypoxia.
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PMID:[2-3 diphosphoglycerate and tissue oxygenation in the cirrhotic]. 391 42