Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Gastric mucin plays an important role in protecting mucosa from irritants such as acids and pepsin, and UDP-galactosyltransferase is a key enzyme in mucin synthesis. In order to study the synthesis of gastric mucin in patients with chronic liver disease, we developed a new assay using a peanut agglutinin lectin to measure this enzyme in human gastric mucosa obtained by endoscopic biopsy. Enzyme activity correlated well with that determined with a previous method using radiolabeled galactose. The enzyme activity in gastric mucosa of cirrhotic patients was significantly lower than in patients with chronic hepatitis or in normal controls and correlated with the amount of mucin in surface epithelial cells. Our findings suggest that the synthesis of gastric mucin is impaired in patients with liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Assessment of UDP-galactosyl-transferase activity in gastric mucosa of patients with chronic liver disease using an enzyme-linked peanut agglutinin binding assay. 932 68

Ki-67 antigen was visualized in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded liver biopsy specimens using monoclonal antibody to Mib-1 to identify the proliferating hepatocytes. Thirty liver specimens obtained from 10 patients with chronic hepatitis (CH) or liver cirrhosis (LC) and 10 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma were studied. Liver specimens were treated with a pepsin solution or heated with autoclave or treated with microwave as a part of antigen retrieval system; then stained with an immunoperoxidase method using a monoclonal antibody to Ki-67 (Mib-1). Stable stainings were obtained in the sections treated with autoclave. Ki-67 was detected in the nuclei of hepatocytes, bile duct epithelium, fibroblast and infiltrating mononuclear cells. In patients with CH and LC, the numbers of hepatocytes positive for Ki-67 has a good co-relation with serum GPT level (p < 0.01), while has no relationship with the degree of fibrosis. The number of hepatocytes positive for Ki-67 has a good co-relation with the degree of the differentiation of hepatocellular carcinoma. Detection of proliferating hepatocytes using Mib-1 is useful to understand the degree of proliferation.
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PMID:[Detection of Ki-67 in liver biopsy specimens using monoclonal antibody to Mib-1]. 1059 Jun 70

This article describes changes in the basic digestive functions (motility, secretion, intraluminal digestion, absorption) that occur during aging. Elderly individuals frequently have oropharyngeal muscle dysmotility and altered swallowing of food. Reductions in esophageal peristalsis and lower esophageal sphincter (LES) pressures are also more common in the aged and may cause gastroesophageal reflux. Gastric motility and emptying and small bowel motility are generally normal in elderly subjects, although delayed motility and gastric emptying have been reported in some cases. The propulsive motility of the colon is also decreased, and this alteration is associated with neurological and endocrine-paracrine changes in the colonic wall. Decreased gastric secretions (acid, pepsin) and impairment of the mucous-bicarbonate barrier are frequently described in the elderly and may lead to gastric ulcer. Exocrine pancreatic secretion is often decreased, as is the bile salt content of bile. These changes represent the underlying mechanisms of symptomatic gastrointestinal dysfunctions in the elderly, such as dysphagia, gastroesophageal reflux disease, primary dyspepsia, irritable bowel syndrome, primary constipation, maldigestion, and reduced absorption of nutrients. Therapeutic management of these conditions is also described. The authors also review the gastrointestinal diseases that are more common in the elderly, such as atrophic gastritis, gastric ulcer, colon diverticulosis, malignant tumors, gallstones, chronic hepatitis, liver cirrhosis, Hepato Cellular Carcinoma (HCC), and chronic pancreatitis.
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PMID:Changes, functional disorders, and diseases in the gastrointestinal tract of elderly. 2247 8

Acute esophageal necrosis (AEN), also known as Gurvits syndrome, black esophagus, or acute necrotizing esophagitis, is a rare clinical entity and an unusual reason for upper gastrointestinal bleeding. It is typically described in critically ill patients with multiple medical conditions, arising from a combination of ischemic insult to the esophageal mucosa due to low-flow vascular states, corrosive injury caused by reflux of acid and pepsin, and decreased function of the mucosal barrier systems and reparative mechanisms as occurs in malnourished and debilitated physical states. Patients with AEN tend to be older men, as medical comorbidities including vascular disease, diabetes, hypertension, renal insufficiency, cardiac disease, pulmonary disease, stroke, and cirrhosis may be more common. Typically, patients present with upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and hematemesis or melena is seen in up to 90% of cases. Herein we present 3 cases of AEN in critically ill patients. We also provide a review of the literature to highlight what is currently known about this relatively uncommon esophageal disease.
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PMID:Acute Esophageal Necrosis: A View in the Dark. 3118 40


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