Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) was determined by a new radioimmunoassay in the sera of patients with different liver diseases. Compared to a normal group (n = 140, AFP levels below 15 ng/ml), most elevated AFP concentrations were found in 18 patients with primary liver cancer (PLC), 7 of whom showed Ouchterlony-positive levels (above 10,000 ng/ml). In 3 cases with liver cirrhosis, PLC was first suggested by high AFP levels between 1000 and 3600 ng/ml and later confirmed by histology. On the other hand, only 6 from 15 patients with other primary tumors and liver metastasis had AFP concentrations between 20 and 111 ng/ml. In 90% of 102 patients with liver cirrhosis AFP levels below 20 ng/ml were determined, while 13 cases showed elevated values up to 134 ng/ml. A transitory AFP increase between 20 and 238 ng/ml was seen in 32% of 63 cases in the early stage of acute hepatitis but 65% of 31 these cases in follow-up studies. 3 of 7 cases of chronic hepatitis gave similar results. The maximal AFP levels developed following the maximal transaminase activities by 5-18 days and coincided with a decrease of cholinesterase activity. The radioimmunological determination of AFP is recommended for earlier detection of the development of PLC in liver cirrhosis patients.
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PMID:[Significance of serum alpha-fetoprotein determination. Experiences with our own radioimmunoassay]. 6 Nov 54

Concentrations of alpha-2 plasmin inhibitor, which is a primary and fast-reacting inhibitor of plasmin, were measured immunochemically in sera of patients with liver diseases and compared with normal controls. Serum level of alpha2-plasmin inhibitor was significantly decreased in liver cirrhosis and other severely affected liver diseases. The decrease appeared to be dependent upon the extent of liver damage, and the level of alpha2-plasmin inhibitor was closely correlated with parameters of liver functions of protein synthesis such as albumin concentration and cholinesterase activity in serum. The level of alpha2-plasmin inhibitor was fairly well correlated with the fibrinolysis inhibitor activity of serum. In contrast to alpha2-plasmin inhibitor, levels of alpha2-macroglobulin and alpha1-antitrypsin were increased significantly in liver cirrhosis. It was suggested that the reduction of alpha2-plasmin inhibitor level contributes substantially to the increased fibrinolytic activity observed in liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:The alpha2-plasmin inhibitor levels in liver diseases. 7 19

The activity of GOT, GPT, APh, liver APh, gamma GTP, AAP and serum cholinesterase were determined in 80 patients with chronic liver diseases, diagnosed clinically, laparoscopically and by liver biopsy. Out of the patients with liver cirrhosis (51), those with portal cirrhosis (40) have a considerably higher activity of gamma GTP, intestinal APh than the patients with postecrotic cirrhosis (11). Cholinesterase activity is markedly lower in patients with cirrhosis and ascites than in the patients without ascites. With the histological data about the activity gamma GTP and GOT are considerably higher without activity. Examinations were carried out also upon patients with chronic aggressive hepatitis (4), chronic persisting hepatitis (9), liver cancer (12) and liver steatosis (4). The data revealed that the majority of the enzymes are with a higher sensitivity (especially gamma GTP, GOT, liver APh, cholinesterase) but with more restricted diagnostic and differential-diagnostic potentialities in view of the great dispersion of the enzyme activities with the separate liver diseases.
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PMID:[Comparative laparoscopic, bioptic and clinical enzymological studies in liver cirrhosis and other chronic liver diseases]. 14 93

Increased incidence of renal insufficiency is observed in severe damage of liver parenchyma such as fulminant hepatitis, decompensated cirrhosis of the liver, septic cholangitis and the different forms of obstructive jaundice. Functional circulatory disturbances of the kidney, especially of the renal cortex, are of importance in the aetiology of this condition. Dopamine, at a dosage as low as 3 gamma/kg/min leads to an improvement in renal blood flow and also to an increase in hepatic blood flow. These observations are of therapeutic importance. Some important circulatory and functional parameters of both these organs, which influence each other under normal and pathological conditions, were studied in the presence of dopamine and the following results were obtained: 1. An investigation of the intrarenal haemodynamics with 133 Xenon in patients with severe cirrhosis of the liver and in patients with obstructive jaundice resulted in an increase of 91% in the mean renal blood flow. The blood flow in the renal cortex increased by 36.2% and in the renal medulla 18.5%, whereas the renal fat tissue showed no change. Compartment I, which was diminished as compared with the control value, also increased. The percentage contribution of the mean renal blood flow and the blood flow of the renal cortex towards the cardiac output was greater under the influence of dopamine; hence a greater part of the cardiac output flows into the kidney under dopamine. 2. The glomerular filtrate and the renal plasma flow increased under dopamine (13.5% and 43.1%, respectively). The increase was greater in compensated than in decompensated cirrhosis. In patients with obstructive jaundice there was a smaller increase in both these parameters than in patients with cirrhosis in the presence of dopamine. No connection was found between the increase in renal plasma flow with dopamine and the blood levels of bilirubin, cholinesterase, GOT and the Normotest. 3. The urinary output of sodium increased by 191.4% with dopamine. Patients with an initial renal plasma flow value of over 300 ml/min had a higher sodium output. These patients also eliminated more sodium under the influence of dopamine than those with an initial renal plasma flow value of under 300 ml/min. 4. Blood flow determinations in the portal vein and the hepatic artery in man, obtained during operation, showed an increase in portal flow of 28.5% and hepatic artery flow of 6.3% in response to dopamine. The percentage contribution of portal blood flow towards the cardiac output increase on dopamine administration. The functional hepatic blood flow, analyzed with 131-J-BSP, did not change. The wedged hepatic vein pressure, which is a good measure of portal pressure, increased on average by only 7% with dopamine at a dosage of 3 gamma/kg/min, but by 20.3% with twice the dosage. Dopamine did not cause a change in hepatic blood volume; hence, blood sequestration in the liver can be excluded in response to the dopamine-evoked increase in portal blood flow. 5...
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PMID:[Clinical and experimental investigations of the effect of dopamine on haemodynamics and function of kidney and liver (author's transl)]. 27 63

Variations of plasma cholinesterase activity were studied in eight patients with end stage liver disease having orthotopic liver transplantation and five other patients with hepatic cirrhosis undergoing surgical procedures. Serum cholinesterase activity was found to be below normal limits in every patient, even more so in those having hepatic homotransplantation, probably because of the greater severity of their disease. Blood transfusions increased pseudocholinesterase activity to normal or nearly normal levels; but only after successful transplantation did these levels remain within normality, thus suggesting that the homografts promptly assume production of the serum enzyme.
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PMID:Changes of plasma cholinesterase activity during orthotopic liver transplantation in man. 32 8

For the evaluation of certain differences in the diminution of export proteins of the liver we examined some exactly defined groups of liver diseases with the aim of further differentiation of the pathogenetic mechanisms. We measured the activity of glutamate-oxalacetate transaminase, glutamate-pyruvate transaminase, glutamate dehydrogenase, lactate dehydrogenase, alkaline phosphatase, cholinesterase and lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase, the Quick value, the coagulation factors I, II, V, VII, VIII, IX and X. Clotting factors were determined by a Schnitger-Gross Coagulometer. Prothrombin, antithrombin III, plasminogen, factor VIII associated antigen and activated factor XIII were measured by immunoelectrophoresis according to Laurell. Lipoprotein electrophoresis in agarose gel was performed to evaluate changes in lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase activity. Except of the rising diminution of export proteins in the course of liver disease from acute hepatitis to cirrhosis we found also specific changes of the patterns of the plasma specific enzymes. These proteins were diminished dependent on their half life time and the inflammatory activity--measured as the height of the transaminases. Lecithin cholesterol acyltransferase and factor VIII did not participate in the general diminution of the most export proteins; some details were found to explain this differing behaviour. Results are critically discussed with regard to new aspects in the biochemistry of the damaged liver cell.
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PMID:[Correlations between the diminished secretion of export proteins from the liver and the plasmatic activity of liver cell enzymes (author's transl)]. 42 91

ChE activity was studied in a series of 193 patients of different classes of chronic hepatitis. CAH and much more cirrhosis showed a mean value significantly lower than normal controls. In CAH, no difference was found between HBsAg positive and HBsAg negative cases. Alcoholic cirrhotics had serum cholinesterase levels more lowered than non alcoholic patients. Finally, the follow-up of serum cholinesterase levels could be useful in assessing the prognosis of cirrhotic patients.
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PMID:[Serum cholinesterase activity (CHE) in different classes of chronic liver diseases (author's transl)]. 74 15

The levels of serum somatomedin peptides were determined with a somatomedin A radioreceptor assay utilizing human placental membranes. Low levels were found in 25 patients with liver cirrhosis and 28 patients with chronic hepatitis with the mean of 0.47 +/- 0.05 and 0.60 +/- 0.04 U/ml, respectively. There was a positive correlation between somatomedin A on one hand and serum albumin, cholinesterase, total cholesterol and thrombotest on the other. There was a negative correlation between somatomedin A and the indocyanine green retention test. These findings confirm earlier results obtained with bioassay.
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PMID:Serum somatomedin peptides measured by somatomedin A radioreceptor assay in chronic liver disease. 91 86

Serum cholinesterase activity (ChE) was studied in 84 patients with chronic liver diseases (cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis, chronic cholecystocholangiohepatitis, hepatolenticular degeneration). Most pronounced alterations were found in cirrhosis. Significant difference is not established between cardiac and "noncardiac" cirrhosis but is well established between decompensated and compensated cirrhosis. As a rule ChE is normal in chronic hepatitis and cholecystocholangio-hepatitis. The values in agressive and persisting hepatitis do not differ significantly. Essential correlation of ChE with serum albumins is established. The diagnostic ChE value is confronted with that of the routine laboratory indices. Critical values are established (1500 ME, 1100 ME resp) that may be helpful in the differentiation of cirrhosis from chronic hepatitis, compensated from decompensated cirrhosis resp.
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PMID:[Place of serum cholinesterase in the diagnosis of chronic liver diseases]. 122 94

The levels of C3, cholinesterase, albumin and prothrombin were determined in 46 patients (27 males and 19 females) - 26 with cirrhosis of the liver, 9 with acute hepatitis, 6 with chronic aggressive hepatitis, 1 with chronic persistent hepatitis and 4 with fatty liver. In all patients and, particularly in those with cirrhotic liver, it was shown that the normal or pathological level of serum C 3 is related both qualitatively and quantitatively to the normal or pathological levels of cholinesterase, albumin, and prothrombin. The percentage in which the levels of these four parameters were pathological was considerably higher in the cases with hepatic coma than in the cases without hepatic coma. The determination of the range of confidence for the 4 parameters showed that, in the patients with hepatic coma, cholinesterase reacted most sensitively to liver damage (0.5 - 0.94) followed by C3 and prothrombin (0.33 - 0.81). Also in the cases without hepatic coma, cholinesterase was the most sensitive indicator (0.05 - 0.29), followed by prothrombin (0.03 - 0.24), albumin and C3 (0.00-0.16).
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PMID:Serum levels of C3 and cholinesterase in various diseases of the liver. 125 98


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