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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Using a scintigraphic technique, we investigated gastric emptying of a semisolid meal in 20 patients with liver cirrhosis and in 10 control subjects and correlated gastric emptying with gastrointestinal symptoms and with autonomic nervous function as determined by R-R interval variation on the electrocardiogram. All subjects lacked endoscopic abnormalities that might explain their gastrointestinal symptoms. None had alcoholic liver disease, diabetes, or other diseases known to affect gastric emptying. The half-time for gastric emptying was significantly prolonged in the cirrhotic patients (51.3 +/- 16.6 minutes) as compared with control subjects (29.9 +/- 8.4) (P < 0.01). There was a significant correlation between the gastrointestinal symptom score and the half-time for gastric emptying (r = 0.46, P < 0.05) in the cirrhotic patients. However, the decreases in R-R interval variation and gastric emptying were not significantly correlated. These observations indicate that delayed gastric emptying is frequently present in patients with liver cirrhosis and may produce their gastrointestinal symptoms.
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PMID:Delayed gastric emptying in patients with liver cirrhosis. 817 39

Necrotizing fasciitis is a life-threatening soft-tissue infection. It is useful to know the etiology of this disease in each community and region because this information can facilitate early diagnosis and treatment. We reviewed medical records of 217 consecutive patients with necrotizing fasciitis in South Korea. Etiologic organisms were documented in 171 (78.8%) patients. Gram-negative marine bacteria were the most common organisms (68.4%). Seasonal variation in incidence occurred during warmer periods. Liver cirrhosis and alcoholism were common underlying illnesses. Gastrointestinal symptoms were more common in persons infected with gram-negative marine bacteria (56.4% versus 29.6%). Gram-negative bacteria were the predominant pathogens in multiple site involvement. Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II scores, marine bacteria, and medical treatment without surgery affected mortality. When necrotic areas included less than three extremities, fasciotomy improved the survival rate. In coastal areas, gram-negative marine bacteria are the most common pathogens associated with necrotizing fasciitis. Fasciotomy can improve survival of patients with necrotic areas that involve less than three sites in necrotizing fasciitis.
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PMID:Marine bacteria as a leading cause of necrotizing fasciitis in coastal areas of South Korea. 1934 93

Patients with liver cirrhosis exhibit several features of gut dysfunction which may contribute to the development of cirrhosis complications as well as have an impact on nutritional status and health-related quality of life. Gastrointestinal symptoms are common in cirrhosis and their pathophysiology probably involves factors related to liver disease severity, psychological distress, and gut dysfunction (e.g., increased gastric sensitivity to distension and delayed gut transit). They may lead to reduced food intake and, thus, may contribute to the nutritional status deterioration in cirrhotic patients. Although tense ascites appears to have a negative impact on meal-induced accommodation of the stomach, published data on gastric accommodation in cirrhotics without significant ascites are not unanimous. Gastric emptying and small bowel transit have generally been shown to be prolonged. This may be related to disturbances in postprandial glucose, insulin, and ghrelin levels, which, in turn, appear to be associated to insulin resistance, a common finding in cirrhosis. Furthermore, small bowel manometry disturbances and delayed gut transit may be associated with the development of small bowel bacterial overgrowth. Finally, several studies have reported intestinal barrier dysfunction in patients with cirrhosis (especially those with portal hypertension), which is related to bacterial translocation and permeation of intestinal bacterial products, e.g., endotoxin and bacterial DNA, thus potentially being involved in the pathogenesis of complications of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal dysfunction in liver cirrhosis. 2535 31

Gastrointestinal symptoms of cystic fibrosis are the most important non-pulmonary manifestations of this genetic illness. Pancreatic manifestations include acute and chronic pancreatitis as well as pancreas insufficiency resulting in malnutrition. Complications in the gastrointestinal lumen are diverse and include distal intestinal obstruction syndrome (DIOS), meconium ileus, intussusception, and constipation; biliary tract complications include focal biliary cirrhosis and cholangiectasis. The common pathophysiology is the inspissation of secretions in the hollow structures of the gastrointestinal tract. Improved survival of CF patients mandates that the adult gastroenterologist be aware of the presentation and treatment of pancreatic, luminal, and hepatobiliary CF complications.
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PMID:Gastrointestinal Manifestations of Cystic Fibrosis. 2564 41