Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

A case of congenital hepatic fibrosis (CHF) is described. CHF is characterized by hepatomegaly, portal hypertension, extensive portal fibrosis, ectatic bile ducts, and hypoplasia of terminal portal vein branches. In contrast to the severe portal hypertension liver function tests are largely normal. In our case the disease was first detected when the patient was 7 years old. During the following 9 1/2 years three sequential liver biopsies were performed. Each of them showed the same picture and no progression occurred. The characteristic histological picture of CHF includes mature bile ducts without epithelial proliferation, absence of significant intraportal or interlobular inflammatory infiltrates, and small or hypoplastic distal portal vein branches. On the basis of these features the disease can easily be separated from other forms of liver cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Follow up in a case of congenital hepatic fibrosis (author's transl)]. 67 16

A reaction of the RES with its organs (lymph nodes, spleen, bone marrow and Kupffer's cells) is not uncommon in rheumatoid arthritis. Although these manifestations are pronounced in Felty's syndrome, reviewing articles about Felty's do not mention liver manifestations. This paper summarises the publications about liver findings in Felty's syndrome. Hepatomegaly, abnormal bromsulfalein tests, raised alkaline phosphatase and transaminases have been stated in many case reports. Among 34 patients, the frequency of hepatomegaly was 68%, of abnormal bromsulfalein tests 27%, of alkaline phosphatase 23% and of transaminases 18%, respectively (52). Alkaline phosphatase and transaminases were raised in almost all of 12 patients (3). The histological correspondence is an infiltration with lymphocytes of sinusoids and portal fields, a portal fibrosis and occasionally a cirrhosis. These histological abnormalities, as well as enlarged lymph nodes and splenomegaly, have to be considered as organic manifestations of rheumatoid arthritis. If the nodular regenerative hyperplasia of the liver, which has been reported also after use of contraceptives, is a manifestation of Felty's syndrome, remains unresolved.
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PMID:[Liver findings in Felty's syndrome. A review]. 69 99

The occurrence of leiomyosarcoma was demonstrated in a tissue cylinder obtained by liver biopsy in a 68-year-old woman with unclear hepatomegaly. The patient died 8 months after she had experienced first signs of illness. Autopsy revealed a primary leiomyosarcoma of the liver with metastases in the lungs, bilaterally in the pleura, in the kidneys, and in the periportal and spleno-pancreatic lymph nodes. The occurrence of a primary tumour in the urogenital system or in the gastrointestinal-tract could be excluded. The diagnosis of leiomyosarcoma was based on the microscopical demonstration of smooth muscle fibres with enlarged red-like and partially atypical cell nuclei and atypical mitoses. Furthermore, we observed extensive necroses and haemorrhagia in the tumour tissue. Preexisting tumours of the liver as, e.g., teratoma or hepatoblastoma were not found. No cirrhosis of the liver could be detected. Obviously, the leiomyosarcoma had its origin in the smooth muscle fibres of the liver vascular system.--According to the literature primary leiomyosarcomas in the liver are only rarely found.
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PMID:[Primary leiomyosarcoma of the liver (author's transl)]. 71 54

An epidemic of jaundice probably due to toxic hepatitis occurred in three adjoining districts of Northwest India during the period November and December, 1974. The dogs of the villages were affected first, then the human beings. Detailed clinical features, appropriate laboratory tests, and liver biopsies were studied. A retrospective epidemiological survey was carried out. The disease had a subacute onset starting with high fever, followed by rapidly progressive jaundice. Ascites appeared simultaneously and soon became quite massive. Hepatomegaly was recorded when ascites decreased. Liver function tests suggested cholestatic jaundice. The mortality rate in the hospital was 10%. Clinical features in dogs were similar, but mortality was almost 100%. Liver histology was characterized by (1) edema and collagenization of the central veins, never with thrombosis, (2) cholangiolar proliferation, (3) moderate to severe ballooning of the hepatocytes, (4) perisinusoidal fibrosis, (5) cholestasis, and finally, (6) cirrhosis with reverse lobulation. Etiology of this epidemic of hepatitis could not be unequivocally established. Critical analysis of the data suggests that some food toxin may have been a factor in the outbreak of this unusual epidemic of toxic hepatitis.
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PMID:Study of an epidemic of jaundice, presumably due to toxic hepatitis, in Northwest India. 83 97

Thirty-five Black patients with cirrhosis of the liver were admitted to the professorial unit over a 1-year period and were included in a carefully planned prospective study. Men predominated over women in a ratio of 3:1. Alcohol consumption in the form of African beer was significantly higher in cirrhotic patients than in a control population. The clinical picture was neither predominantly that of alcoholic nor of cryptogenic cirrhosis. Hepatomegaly, porphyria cutanea tarda, ascites, splenomegaly and oesophageal varices were common. There was a complete absence of gynaecomastia, spider naevi and liver palms. Histologically, the majority of patients had macronodular cirrhosis, and only 1 patient had micronodular cirrhosis and minimal fatty change. Hepatitis B surface antigen (HbsAg) was not detected in any patient, despite a positive HbAg rate of 4% in Black African blood donors, determined by means of the same laboratory technique.
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PMID:Cirrhosis of the liver in Rhodesian Blacks. 88 20

A study of liver abnormalities in 36 patients with mixed cryoglobulinemia in the absence of underlying infectious, connective tissue, or lymphoproliferative disorders revealed clinical or biochemical evidence of liver dysfunction in 84%. Hepatomegaly was detected in 77%, splenomegaly in 54%, and abnormalities in bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase, or serum glutamic oxalacetic transaminase in 77%. Only four of the patients had overt liver disease. Of 15 biopsies from 12 patients, there was normal tissue structure in two, minimal nonspecific changes in one, portal fibrosis in three, chronic persistent hepatitis in one, chronic active hepatitis in two, chronic active hepatitis with cirrhosis in four, and postnecrotic cirrhosis in two. These findings, together with the previously reported high incidence of serologic evidence of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection, support the view that the syndrome of purpura, arthritis, and nephritis is often a consequence of immune-complex vasculitis secondary to HBV infection.
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PMID:Liver involvement in the syndrome of mixed cryoglobulinemia. 90 Jun 72

It is thought that the early outcome of patients with liver cirrhosis after end-to-side porta-caval anastomosis not only depends on their clinical situation but also on the postoperative haemodynamic state of the liver. The postoperative haemodynamics can be estimated if the relation of liver volume and the predicted hepatic arterial perfusion is focused. The maximum of arterial liver perfusion seems to be 1200 ml/min in the absence of a portal liver blood supply. Thus, a postoperative perfusionindex between 0.8-1.2 like in normal subjects seems to be the best situation to prevent postoperative hepatic underperfusion. 25 patients were investigated, in which the clinical situation was classified as recommended by Child, and liver volume was estimated by means of ultrasonography. Those patients having liver volumes between 1000 and 1500 ml providing a postoperative PI between 0.8-12 survived in 100%. The early mortality rate of those, having liver volumes more or less these thresholds died in 69%. It was concluded that hepatomegaly or extreme liver atrophy are situations not to be recommended for classical porta-caval anastomosis. Other procedures are dissussed which "seem to be some good news" by clinical data and by means of experimental results. The techniques discussed consist in procedures preventing the pancreatic venous blood to shunt away from the liver.
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PMID:[Significance of liver volume for the early survival of patients with liver cirrhosis operated on porta-caval anastomosis: Clinical data and relation to pathophysiological implications (author's transl)]. 91 58

Besides lymphodenopathy and splenomegaly, hepatomegaly may also be detected in 25-50% of children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis. This is particularly evident in patients with complete Still's syndrome. The hepatomegaly increases during relapse situations and disappears during remissions. Transient icterus, elevation of aminotransferases and delayed bromsulfalein excretion have been reported, particularly in patients with complete Still's syndrome, and indicate impairment of liver function. Liver biopsies have been performed only rarely and show nonspecific infiltrations of portal fields with lymphocytes and, in a few cases, "autoimmune" hepatitis and even cirrhosis with portal hypertension. Plasma cell hepatitis with affection of joints can be readily differentiated from juvenile rheumatoid arthritis: the synovitis is merely transiet and disappears with institution of steroid therapy. As in the adult, severe liver dysfunction leads to remission of arthritis. Amyloidosis should be considered in every case of long-lasting hepatomegaly.
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PMID:[Liver pathology in juvenile chronic polyarthritis]. 91 83

Acute alcoholic hepatitis is an anatomical (fatty liver with sclerosing hyaline necrosis) and a clinical (hepatomegaly with a variety of symptoms of hepatic failure) entity arising out of chronic alcoholism, and of a typically 'pre-cirrhotic' state. Although fatal in 25% of acute cases due to failure of homeostasis, it often leaves a centrilobular scarring necrosis which in more than 60% of cases progresses to nodular cirrhosis. Continued alcoholism worsens the prognosis. Alcoholic hepatitis may be confused with acute abdominal catastrophes or with a hepatoma. The characteristic Mallory bodies found on liver biopsy are found rarely in non-alcoholic hepatitis. There is no effective treatment for this disease except reduction of alcohol intake; indeed, the disease may become self-perpetuating.
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PMID:[Acute alcoholic hepatitis]. 92 58

Clinicians should not minimize or overlook the importance of percussion of the liver and the spleen and of auscultation over the liver as routine parts of abdominal examination. Splenic percussion can be used to detect splenomegaly even before the spleen becomes palpable. The span of liver dullness on percussion can be compared with established normal standards to detect hepatomegaly or alterations caused by cirrhosis. A systolic bruit, a friction rub, or a venous hum detected by auscultation over the liver is an important sign of liver disease.
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PMID:Abdominal examination: role of percussion and auscultation. 92 43


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