Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The kinetic properties of 5'-Nucleotidase were investigated in untreated patients with liver cirrhosis at 37 degrees C. Mg+2 and Mn+2 were found to activate both normal and liver cirrhotic 5'-Nucleotidase, but Nickel inhibited the enzyme in both systems competitively. Both ATP and adenosine act as inhibitors to 5'-Nucleotidase. The inhibitory constant for ATP was different in normal and liver cirrhotic individuals, 0.1 +/- 0.03 for normal and 0.225 +/- 0.02 for liver cirrhosis. In our investigation, ATP was found to be a competitive inhibitor of 5'-Nucleotidase which compete the substrate (A-5'-MP) for the active site. Inhibition of 5'-Nucleotidase by adenosine is of non-competitive type, for both normal and liver cirrhotic sera. It was observed that both serum 5'-Nucleotidase exhibited pH dependent characteristics; in that there was an optimum substrate concentration at each pH value and the plot of pKm versus pH shows great dependency of km on pH.
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PMID:Further studies on 5'-Nucleotidase from serum of liver cirrhotic individuals. 4 39

Development of cirrhosis of liver tissue did not influence the intensity of glycolysis, with glucose as a substrate, in supernatant fraction of liver homogenate in chronic intoxication with CCL4. In preparations of cirrhotic liver, as compared with liver from the intact animals, more distinct activation of glycolysis was caused by addition of ATP and NAD at the stage of 3-week intoxication and also by addition of hexokinase, glyceraldehydephosphate dehydrogenase and lactate dehydrogenase at the stage of distinct cirrhosis of liver (6 weeks of CCL4 intoxication). Km values for glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase increased over all the periods of intoxication.
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PMID:[Change in the glycolytic and glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase activity in experimental cirrhosis of the liver]. 16 85

Automated ion exchange chromatography was used to compare red cell phosphorylates in clinically healthy subjects and 6 patients with hepatic encephalopathy. Significant changes in the distribution of these compounds were noted, including a marked increase in total acid-soluble content (particularly 2.3 DPG, R5P, 3MPG and G16DP) and a sharp fall in ATP. Increased 2.3 DPG explained the rightward shift of the haemoglobin dissociation curve seen in cirrhosis of the liver, but does not seem to fit in with enhanced blood ammonia. Deep-seated changes in red cell energy metabolism may have the same pathogenesis as the CNS metabolic change observed in hepatic encephalopathy.
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PMID:[Changes in the level of erythrocyte phosphorylated compounds in patients with hepatic encephalopathy]. 63 81

Since S-adenosylmethionine (SAMe) plasma levels are highly reduced in cirrhotic patients, this, showing that a more or less overt deficiency of SAMe-dependent biological transmethylations does exist in the hepatocyte pathology, mostley affecting the albuminopoyesis. Treatment with 15 mg SAMe i.v. or i.m. administered four times a day for 30 days' period, induced in 15 patients with hepatic cirrhosis a statistically significant improvement of the afore mentioned livel cell function, albuminopoyesis: a significant improvement was also observed in the other biohumoral parameters considered to test hepatic function. Administration of equimolecular (with respect to SAMe) doses of L-methionine and ATP to a group of 15 cirrhotic patients under clinical conditions similar to those of the group previously studied, induced none of the modifications observed in the latter. This proved that the therapeutic effects are due only to S-adenosylmethionine.
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PMID:[S-Adenosylmethionine: plasma levels in hepatic cirrhosis and preliminary results of its clinical use in hepatology. Double-blind study]. 109 62

Mitochondrial function and structure in cirrhotic livers from humans or rats show a variety of changes as compared to control livers. Mitochondrial ATP production is reduced in rats with CCl4- or thioacetamide-induced liver cirrhosis and in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis. Activity of the electron transport chain is decreased in rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis. In rats with CCl4-induced cirrhosis, the mitochondrial content of certain constituents of the respiratory chain (cytochrome a + a3, cytochrome b and ubiquinone) is increased and activities of cytochrome c oxidase and ATPase are elevated. Similarly, in humans with liver cirrhosis, mitochondrial cytochrome a + a3 content is elevated and has been used to assess the risk for hepatectomy. In rats with secondary biliary cirrhosis, compensatory strategies include increased mitochondrial volume per hepatocyte and possibly increased extramitochondrial ATP production (increased glycolysis). Thus, a variety of adaptive mechanisms are used to maintain mitochondrial function in cirrhotic livers.
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PMID:Adaptation of mitochondrial metabolism in liver cirrhosis. Different strategies to maintain a vital function. 129 65

Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the human liver was undertaken in 28 healthy adult individuals and in 49 patients with liver disease of varying aetiology. Data localised to the liver were obtained using chemical shift imaging techniques. The mean (+/- 1 S.D.) of the peak area ratio phosphomonoesters (PME)/phosphodiesters (PDE) in healthy adult individuals, from spectra obtained with pulse angle 45 degrees and repetition time 1 s, was 0.24 +/- 0.07. The intra-examination variability of this ratio was 20%, the intra-subject variability 27% and the inter-subject variability 32%. An increase in the PME/PDE was observed in the 31P hepatic MR spectrum from primary or secondary tumours in all 17 patients studied, which invariably represented an increase in PME/ATP and, in some cases, a reduction in PDE/ATP. The spectra did not show aetiological characteristics. A non-specific elevation in PME/PDE was also observed in the 31P hepatic MR spectra of 10 (40%) of 25 patients studied who had diffuse liver diseases, such as cirrhosis and infiltrating malignancies. The spectral pattern did not distinguish between diseases of varying aetiologies, but there was a linear correlation between increasing PME/PDE and a reduction in plasma albumin concentrations (p = 0.03). In three patients with hepatic malignancy and abnormal hepatic 31P-MRS, marked spectral changes were observed after successful treatment to debulk the tumour. Only minor changes were observed in the abnormal spectrum of a fourth patient in whom treatment was unsuccessful. Hepatic 31P-MR spectroscopy may prove useful for monitoring disease processes and treatment effects in well characterised patient populations.
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PMID:Phosphorus-31 magnetic resonance spectroscopy of the human liver using chemical shift imaging techniques. 132 98

Changes in metabolic state of the liver after intravenous fructose (250 mg/kg) load were evaluated by P-31 MR spectroscopy. Study was performed in eight healthy volunteers and six patients with liver cirrhosis. In the spectra of the cirrhotic livers the fructose load caused no significant increase in PME peak, which suggested that fructose metabolism of the cirrhotic livers had impediments before the fructose-1-phosphate stage. Also shown in the spectra of the cirrhotic livers was the significant drop of Pi, PDE, and ATP peaks. This might reflect the low concentration of Pi, PDE and ATP in the cirrhotic livers.
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PMID:[Effect of intravenous fructose load on the P-31 MR spectrum of the cirrhotic liver]. 203 18

31P-MR spectroscopy was performed in 12 patients with focal and diffuse liver disease and in ten normal controls, using surface coils. Results so far show a significantly increased concentration of PME/beta-ATP and of PDE/beta-ATP in patients with liver metastases and in one patient with hepatic involvement by malignant lymphoma. The spectra of liver cirrhosis and fatty livers showed no characteristic changes.
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PMID:[In vivo 31-phosphorus magnetic resonance spectroscopy of liver diseases]. 216 78

The features of the pharmacokinetics of preparations of alpha-lipoic acid (lipoic acid, thioctacide) as compared with their pharmacodynamic effects were studied in 125 patients with chronic diffuse diseases of the liver of viral and alcohol etiology. After a single administration of the preparations, the authors found an elevation of the maximal blood concentrations and an increase of alpha-lipoic acid elimination half-life in patients with liver cirrhosis as compared with chronic hepatitis patients. During the replacement therapy and elimination of alpha-lipoic acid deficiency by using the preparations containing lipoic acid, there is commonly an increase ATP content, an elevation of functioning mass of hepatocytes and activation of liver detoxifying function according to the data of the tests of galactose cytosol oxidation, microsomal oxidation of antipyrine and conjugation of bilirubin.
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PMID:[Pharmacokinetics of preparations of lipoic acid and their effect on ATP synthesis, processes of microsomal and cytosol oxidation in hepatocytes in liver damage in man]. 250 39

Clinical studies using 31P and 1H MRS with a whole body 2.0 T MRI/MRS system are described. In most cases, techniques to quantitate absolute molar concentrations of metabolites in various organs were used. In the brain, AIDS, chronic stroke, and white matter lesions were associated with alterations of brain 31P metabolites. Epilepsy was associated with increased pH in the seizure focus. In the heart, dilated cardiomyopathy was associated with increased PDE/ATP while PCr/ATP was unchanged. In the liver, alcoholic hepatitis and cirrhosis were associated with diminished hepatic ATP while alcoholic hepatitis had increased pH and cirrhosis had decreased pH. This allowed differentiation of normal liver, alcoholic hepatitis, and alcoholic cirrhosis without biopsy. In the prostate, malignancy was associated with increased PME/ATP and decreased PCr/ATP. The PME/PCr was greatly increased in malignant prostate with no overlap in normals. Other cancers outside the brain had increased PME and effective treatment was often associated with diminished PME. 1H MRS of the brain was performed using ISIS and outer volume suppression pulses for volume localization. Excellent high resolution 1H water-suppressed spectra were obtained at echo times as short as 30 ms, showing well resolved peaks for lactate, N-acetylaspartate, glutamate, choline, creatinine, and inositol. 1H MRS demonstrated that the uptake of ethanol by the brain was slower than the rise of ethanol in blood. 31P spectroscopic imaging of the brain with resolution of 2.25 x 2.25 x 2.5 cm produced metabolic images and high resolution spectra from desired regions of interest.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Clinical magnetic resonance spectroscopy of brain, heart, liver, kidney, and cancer. A quantitative approach. 270 9


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