Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Review of 61 surgically resected small hepatocellular carcinomas (HCC) less than or equal to 3 cm in diameter yielded a simple gross classification system of five types based on tumor shape, which is highly correlated with microscopic and clinical features, including prognosis. Type 1 (single nodular type) tumors (n = 13) are expansile, roughly spheric, and often encapsulated. In Type 2 tumors (single nodular type with extranodular growth) (n = 21), replacing growth is often seen in the area of extranodular growth. Type 3 tumors (contiguous multinodular type) (n = 19) consist of small nodules growing in contiguity, often with replacing growth at the periphery. Type 4 (poorly demarcated nodular type) is a rare tumor showing infiltrating growth at its border. The authors define early HCC (n = 5) as the presence of tumor without destruction of the underlying liver structure. The lesions experienced are tiny (less than or equal to 1.2 cm) and well differentiated. Poorly differentiated histologic characteristics and elevated alpha fetoprotein are more common in Types 2 and 3 than in Type 1. Type 1 has the highest rates of positive serum hepatitis B surface antigen and liver cirrhosis; portal vein tumor thrombus (PT) and/or intrahepatic metastasis (IM) is rare (7.7%), and the effect of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is remarkable. This contrasts with Type 2, which has a high rate of PT and/or IM (71.4%) and multiple local recurrences (40%), and with Type 3, which shows a poor response to TAE.
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PMID:Pathology of small hepatocellular carcinoma. A proposal for a new gross classification. 243 90

The urinary level of pseudouridine, primarily a degradation product of transfer ribonucleic acid (tRNA), was determined in 38 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma, 18 with liver cirrhosis, 12 with chronic hepatitis, nine with acute hepatitis, and 28 healthy subjects. The mean urinary pseudouridine concentration was significantly higher in the patients with hepatoma [38.2 +/- 12.8 (SD) nmol/mumol creatinine] than in those with liver cirrhosis (20.3 +/- 6.8), chronic hepatitis (24.4 +/- 8.2), and acute hepatitis (21.7 +/- 8.2), and in healthy subjects (23.8 +/- 4.9). Urinary pseudouridine level was elevated above the mean value plus 2 SD for the healthy subjects (33.6 nmol/mumol creatinine) in 71% of our hepatoma cases. Serum alpha-fetoprotein levels correlated poorly with urinary pseudouridine levels, thus, the combination assay for urinary pseudouridine and serum alpha-fetoprotein could detect 79% of the patients with hepatoma. Moreover, urinary pseudouridine level was reduced after effective transcatheter arterial embolization therapy.
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PMID:Urinary pseudouridine as a biochemical marker in the diagnosis and monitoring of primary hepatocellular carcinoma. 245 10

An N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III which catalyzes the addition of N-acetylglucosamine through a beta 1-4 linkage (bisecting N-acetylglucosamine) to the beta-linked mannose of the trimannosyl core structure of N-linked oligosaccharides of glycoproteins was measured in human serum, and liver and hepatoma tissues. The enzyme activity in serum was significantly elevated in patients with hepatomas and liver cirrhosis, and the activity markedly decreased on the transcatheter arterial embolization treatment. High activities were also found in the hepatoma and cirrhotic liver tissues, indicating that the serum activity reflected the activity in the tissues. The assaying of the enzyme activity in serum appears to be useful for the detection and monitoring of primary hepatomas.
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PMID:N-acetylglucosaminyltransferase III in human serum, and liver and hepatoma tissues: increased activity in liver cirrhosis and hepatoma patients. 248 96

Choice of treatment for HCC depends mainly on the size of tumor and patient's liver function because more than 80% of HCC patients are associated with liver cirrhosis. Percutaneous ethanol injection therapy (PEIT), transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and intraarterial infusion chemotherapy are, at present, commonly used treatments for HCC in Japan. PEIT is a safe and reliable treatment, in which absolute ethanol is injected to the tumor through a fine needle under US guide. PEIT is indicated for tumors of small size, which can not be removed surgically. The survival rate of PEIT for small liver cancer, less than 2 cm in diameter, is similar with the one of surgically removed cases. TAE is indicated for advanced HCC. Chemoembolization with Lipiodol is commonly used with good result. After TAE has been often performed, the survival rate of HCC patients was dramatically increased. In future, TAE combined with percutaneous transhepatic portal embolization or PEIT would be applied more often to obtain complete destruction of the lesion for advanced HCC. Intraarterial infusion chemotherapy is indicated for advanced HCC, in which TAE can not be performed. MMC, ADM and CDDP are commonly used anti-cancer drugs. Recently frequent infusion of these drugs has become possible by using implantable reservoir with good result. We have performed chemosensitivity test by SRCA for HCC specimens obtained by biopsy using a fine needle.
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PMID:[Non-surgical (medical) treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC)]. 253 69

We retrospectively classified patients with hepatocellular carcinoma by the results of tests of 15-minute indocyanine green retention (ICGR15). Of the 201 patients with hepatocellular carcinoma admitted to our department in the past 6 years, 36 patients were assigned to group 1 (ICGR15 less than 10.0%), 81 patients to group 2 (ICGR15 = 10.1-20.0%), and 84 patients to group 3 (ICGR15 greater than or equal to 20.1%). Of the total 201 patients, 72% underwent liver resection (78% of group 1 patients, 80% of group 2 patients, and 62% of group 3 patients). We regarded the cirrhosis of the patients in group 3 as severe and studied their survival rate classified by the treatment used. Of these 84 patients, 52 patients were treated by liver resection, about half of whom were treated preoperatively by transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). Another 9 patients were treated preoperatively by both TAE and portal vein embolization (PVE). At 2 years, and again at 3 years, the survival rate was significantly higher when TAE was used preoperatively than with resection alone. We think that the possibility of performing needed liver resection will be enlarged by preoperative PVE and that liver resection can be done more safely after use of PVE in some patients.
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PMID:Results of treatment of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma with severe cirrhosis of the liver. 254 45

During the past 8 years we have treated 268 patients with primary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC); total extirpation of the tumor was carried out in 138. Thirty-one of the patients with resectable HCCs had already been treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) of the liver before they were referred to us. The clinical values of preoperative TAE were retrospectively evaluated for those 31 patients and for the remaining 107 patients without TAE. There were no substantial differences between the two study groups in the clinical and histopathologic backgrounds. No differences were observed in the extent of liver resection, estimated blood loss during surgery, and operation time. During surgery, however, troublesome intra-abdominal complications relevant to TAE were encountered in 15 patients, and detection of tumors was impossible, even with intraoperative ultrasonography, in five patients in the group with TAE. Such findings were not present in any of the patients without TAE. Postoperative morbidity and mortality rates were similar in the two groups. There was no significant difference in the rate of recurrence of tumor in the liver, but the recurrence time was significantly shorter in the group with TAE. TAE did not improve the long-term survival rates in patients either with or without cirrhosis. Results of our study seem to indicate that preoperative TAE is meaningless in the treatment of resectable HCCs and therefore should be avoided, particularly in patients with advanced cirrhosis of the liver.
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PMID:Adverse effects of preoperative hepatic artery chemoembolization for resectable hepatocellular carcinoma: a retrospective comparison of 138 liver resections. 254 11

Sera from the patients with chronic liver diseases and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) were tested for reactivity with neutral glycosphingolipids extracted from rabbit liver plasma membrane by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and thin-layer chromatography immunostaining. IgG class antibody to neutral glycosphingolipids was detected in 29.6% (8 of 27), 6.3% (1 of 16), 0% (0 of 8), 0% (0 of 25), and 6.9% (2 of 29) in the sera of patients with HCC, liver cirrhosis, autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and normal individuals, respectively. Using the serum positive for the antibody to neutral glycosphingolipids, the target antigen glycolipid was isolated. Negative ion fast atom bombardment mass spectrometry, exoglycosidases treatment, and permethylation analysis revealed that the main target antigen was IV3 alpha Gal-nLc4Cer. In enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, IgG class antibody to IV3 alpha Gal-nLc4Cer was detected in 33.3% (9 of 27), 18.8% (3 of 16), 25% (2 of 8), 4% (1 of 25), and 6% (3 of 50) in the sera of patients with HCC, liver cirrhosis, autoimmune chronic active hepatitis, chronic hepatitis, and normal individuals, respectively. Of 9 HCC patients positive for the antibody, 6 had received transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) therapy. Six of 10 patients who received TAE therapy had the antibody, whereas only 3 of 17 patients without TAE therapy had the antibody. This antibody may be a heterophile antibody, which recognizes Gal alpha 1-3Gal structure at the nonreducing terminal of the antigen. Since the occurrence of this antibody was closely related with TAE therapy, the necrosis of HCC induced by TAE therapy may stimulate the production of the antibody.
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PMID:Significant increase in the antibody to Gal alpha 1-3Gal structure in sera of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma after transcatheter arterial embolization. 254 42

A 57-year-old man with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) invading the hepatic duct was treated with transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE). The dilated hepatic duct was decompressed his jaundice disappeared and he survived for 10 months after the first TAE, succumbing due to bleeding from gastric erosion. Although total bilirubin was 26.7 mg/dl and massive ascites was noted on occasion of the first TAE, hepatic dysfunction did not worsen and both icterus and ascites decreased, disappearing one month after the therapy. Autopsy revealed HCC with trabecular arrangement originating in the left lobe and growing into the left hepatic duct accompanied by liver cirrhosis and follicular carcinoma of the thyroid gland. Severe icterus caused by bile duct obstruction does not correlate with the grade of hepatic failure in HCC with liver cirrhosis, so TAE was effective and should be tried as a first choice therapy in such a poor risk case.
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PMID:A case report of transcatheter arterial embolization of cholestatic type of hepatoma. 254 3

Acute myeloblastic leukemia (AML) was diagnosed in a 54-year-old male who had been known to carry a chronic hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) from June, 1983. Prompt remission was achieved with combination chemotherapy of BHAC-DMP. Follow-up maintenance and an intensification of this chemotherapy had been given for five years. He was readmitted to our hospital in March, 1988 because a mass was detected in the right lobe of the liver by ultrasonography. His serum alpha fetoprotein (AFP) level was found to be 180.1 ng/ml, and was diagnosed as having a hepatocellular carcinoma though there was no evidence of liver cirrhosis. A curative right hepatectomy was performed in May, 1988 after transcatheter arterial embolization and portal embolization. After resection of the tumor, the AFP level decreased to 10.7 ng/ml and no HbsAg was detected in the serum.
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PMID:[Hepatocellular carcinoma treated with a curative segmentectomy five years after complete remission of acute myeloblastic leukemia]. 254 80

Analyses of the prognoses of thirty-four patients with hepatocellular cancer, who were treated by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy and/or transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) and/or hyperthermotherapy, were performed by multivariate analysis using Cox's proportional hazard model and generalized Wilcoxon test. In the multivariate analysis on the conditions of patients, nine of fifteen variables were associated with the prognosis of patients who received regional cancer chemotherapy. The variables are: sex, liver cirrhosis, esophageal varices, GOT, GPT, albumin and gamma-globulin. One of three variables was associated with the prognosis in the therapy analysis, and the variable is TAE. Significant differences in survival curves which were estimated by generalized Wilcoxon test were noted in age, portal vein invasion, ascites, GOT and TAE. From these results it is suggested that the conditions of patients with unresectable hepatocellular cancer must be carefully investigated before regional cancer chemotherapy and the good therapy effects is obtained by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy combined with transcatheter arterial embolization therapy.
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PMID:[Analysis of prognostic factors in patients with hepatocellular cancer treated by hepatic arterial infusion chemotherapy]. 255 Dec 36


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