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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

Occupational mortality in women who died in England and Wales from 1970 to 1972 was analysed. Many of the associations found were consistent with those that have been described for men, with high mortality ratios for cirrhosis in barmaids and publicans, for suicide in the medical and allied professions, and for respiratory disease in textile workers. Parity is a determinant of patterns of disease in working women, and the relative excess of cancer of the breast, ovary, and uterine body in professional and clerical workers probably reflected the high proportion of nulliparous women in these groups. Other associations may have reflected true occupational hazards; one observation requiring further attention was the high proportional mortality ratio for anaemia in textile and clothing workers. The description of the occupational mortality among women in England and Wales is hampered by the incomplete recording of information about women's occupations at registration of death. As women now constitute 40% of the workforce, often have their own specific occupations, and possibly also have their own diseases related to specific occupations it is time for the registrar's guidelines on the recording of women's occupation--last reviewed at the beginning of this century--to be revised.
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PMID:Occupational mortality among women in England and Wales. 392 19

Retrospective analysis of 1045 patients who had had a Billroth II partial gastric resection for benign gastroduodenal ulcers revealed a significantly shorter life expectancy for them than for a control group matched for age and sex (mean and maximal periods of observation 14.6 and 22 years, median 17.6 years; 15 217 observation years). After resection for duodenal ulcer there were more deaths from bronchial carcinoma, liver cirrhosis or suicide than after resection for gastric ulcer. Gastric stump carcinoma was more frequent in patients with gastric ulcer and was the cause of death in 5.8% of all patients who had died after the fifth postoperative year. The results suggest that life expectancy after gastric resection depends less on the operation than on the existing risk factors.
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PMID:[Life expectancy after gastric resection for gastroduodenal ulcer]. 394 11

A consecutive series of 1002 jaundiced adult patients covering 23 different causes of jaundice is presented. Patients were followed up for 2 to 7 years. The survival for the 784 patients included during their first episode of jaundice was calculated for each diagnostic category. Examples of decreased survival as compared with the general population were (figures indicate 3 months' and 5 years' survival, respectively): alcoholic cirrhosis 0.81, 0.35; cryptogenic cirrhosis 0.78, 0.32; pancreatic carcinoma 0.54, 0.04; cholangiocarcinoma 0.26, 0.00; and heart failure with liver congestion 0.47, 0.07. Ten of 172 patients with acute viral hepatitis died, 1 of fulminant hepatitis and 9 because of suicide or accidents. Of 105 patients with gallstones 37 died during the study period, but in only 9 of these could death be attributed to the gallstone disease. New diagnostic methods and types of treatment for jaundiced patients have been developed during recent years. To justify fully these diagnostic and therapeutic modalities, knowledge of the prognosis for the various causes of jaundice is essential.
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PMID:Survival after jaundice: a prospective study of 1000 consecutive cases. 399 72

The numbers of deaths from and age-adjusted mortality rates (MRs) for largely preventable causes of death in white males and females aged 15 - 64 years in 1970 and 1980 were compared. The causes of death considered were lung cancer, ischaemic heart disease (IHD), cerebrovascular disease, chronic lung diseases, cirrhosis of the liver, motor vehicle accidents and suicide. In spite of an increase in the white population in this age group from 2,39 million in 1970 to 2,93 million in 1980, the number of deaths from the above causes decreased, with two exceptions. The exceptions were lung cancer, where the number of deaths increased from 482 in 1970 to 535 in 1980, and suicide--up from 433 to 516. The decreases over the 10-year period were substantial in some cases. For example, the number of deaths from IHD fell from 4000 to 3486. The MRs (those for 1980 were age-adjusted) decreased over the 10-year period in all cases, except in the case of lung cancer where the MR remained at 20/100 000. This seems to indicate that anti-smoking campaigns in RSA have not yet begun to influence the incidence of this disease in the white population.
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PMID:Deaths from and mortality rates for largely preventable causes of death in whites in the RSA. Comparison of the situations in 1970 and 1980. 400 88

Proportional mortality of actors and actresses was studied because cancers of many sites have been linked to hair dyes and cosmetics of which actors have been frequent users. Death records (1950-1978) for 2,618 white male and 838 white female members of Actors Equity and the Screen Actors Guild were compared with the U.S. mortality rats. Among males, significantly elevated proportional mortality ratios (PMR) were found for suicide (1.58), cirrhosis of the liver (1.99), all malignancies (1.15), and cancers of the colon/rectum (1.32), pancreas (1.51), and testes (2.37). Colon/rectum and pancreas cancers were not significantly elevated by proportional cancer mortality. Among females, significantly elevated PMRs were found for suicide (2.02) and lung cancer (2.20). Suicide in either sex was much more common in California than in New York. The elevated lung cancer in females was confined to Equity members. No elevations were found for cancers that have been related to hair dye or cosmetic use--ie, breast, ovary, bladder, leukemia, and lymphomas.
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PMID:A proportional mortality study of the acting profession. 402 39

An analysis of the representative material revealed a high rate of mortality among alcoholics, which was much higher than the similar rate among sex- and age-matched control subjects. The leading causes of death were accidents, injuries, poisoning, cardiovascular diseases and neoplasms. Other causes of mortality include suicide, liver cirrhosis and lung tuberculosis.
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PMID:[Causes of death of alcoholics]. 405 Feb 40

Social, economic, and medical variables correlated with "psychogenic" death rates across about 30 countries. However, McClelland's psychological motives of achievement, affiliation, and power, determined for each country by content analysis of children's stories, did not. Status integration correlated positively with homicide and negatively with deaths from suicide and ulcers. Low life expectancy, wealth, economic growth, wine consumption, and zinc (cadmium) consumption correlated with deaths from homicide, suicide, ulcers, cirrhosis and hypertension, respectively.
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PMID:"Psychogenic" death: a reappraisal. 546 Jun 5

Achievement motivation scores derived fromn analyses of content of children's stories from 16 countries predicted death rates dut to ulcers and hypertension, and power motivation scores predicted death rates due to murder, suicide, and cirrhosis of the liver 25 years later.
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PMID:National motives predict psychogenic death rates 25 years later. 564 37

To evaluate the potential carcinogenic effects of formaldehyde, we examined the proportionate mortality experience of embalmers licensed to practice in California. Mortality was significantly elevated for total cancer, arteriosclerotic heart disease, and suicide, whereas significant deficits were noted in mortality from diseases of the respiratory and genitourinary systems. Deaths from cancers of the brain, colon, and prostate and leukemia were significantly higher than expected. No increased mortality was seen for cancers of the respiratory tract, including the nasal passages, where an effect might be expected based on animal studies. A parallel mortality survey of embalmers from New York State showed similar findings, with excesses of brain tumors, leukemia, colon cancer, arteriosclerotic heart disease, and cirrhosis. Further investigation is needed to determine whether any of these outcomes is related to formaldehyde exposure.
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PMID:Cancer and other causes of death among embalmers. 646 19

Mortality data on the leading causes of death conceal the relationship to underlying risk factors; if we classified deaths according to risk factors, annually there might be an estimated 350,000 smoking-related deaths, 200,000 alcohol-related deaths and 135,000 nutrition-related cancer deaths. Similarly, five causes of death-heart disease, lung cancer, cirrhosis of the liver, suicide and motor vehicle accidents-contribute most to the risk of dying in the next ten years for a 40-year-old white man. Review of protective factors shows that adopting and maintaining a healthful life-style can contribute to reducing risk. Practicing physicians can assume both direct and indirect roles in promoting personal health maintenance.
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PMID:Personal health promotion. 652 57


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