Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

To examine possible health risks associated with fire fighting, a 20-year Proportionate Mortality Ratio (PMR) study was conducted involving all male fire fighters with at least one year of service in the City of Honolulu Fire Department. The observed cause of death, as determined by the death certificates, was compared statistically to the expected numbers of deaths for all males over age 20 in Hawaii's general population. Significant increases in risk of death were found for brain cancer (Risk Ratio = 3.78), prostate cancer (Risk Ratio = 2.61), and cirrhosis of the liver (Risk Ratio = 2.3). A significant decrease in mortality was found for lung disease with a risk ratio of 0.37. No deaths were attributed to suicide nor to a category which included allergic, endocrine and nutritional diseases. Since fire fighters are known to suffer exposure to carcinogens and toxins, additional studies would be helpful in order to clarify possible risks to health associated with fire fighting on a long-term exposure basis.
 ...
PMID:Risk of death among Honolulu fire fighters. 206 Oct 32

Mortalities from cancer and other causes among Koreans living in Fukuoka, Japan, between 1976 and 1986 were examined as compared with those of Japanese in the prefecture. Korean males had a marked excess in all-cause mortality, while the excess among females was less prominent. In both sexes, mortalities from liver cancer, liver cirrhosis, accident and suicide were markedly increased in the Korean population. These findings are in agreement with those observed among Koreans in Osaka. Although 20-30% lower-than-Japanese mortality from stomach cancer has been reported for Koreans in Osaka, those in Fukuoka had a risk of this cancer comparable to that of Japanese. A life-style survey of Koreans in Japan might provide a better understanding of the disease patterns observed in this population.
 ...
PMID:Cancer and other causes of death among Koreans in Fukuoka, Japan, 1976-1986. 212 87

As part of an ongoing epidemiologic study, the death rate and causes of death during 1975 through 1984 were determined in Pima Indians who resided in the Gila River Indian Community (GRIC) in 1965 and later. Death certificates were available for 677 of the 681 deaths. In 78% of the deaths, the underlying cause recorded on the death certificate agreed with the cause determined after review of all available relevant records. The age- and sex-adjusted average annual death rate for the GRIC population (1639/100,000) was 1.9 times (95% CI 1.7-2.0) the 1980 rate for the U.S. all races (878/100,000). In Pima males, whose death rate was substantially higher than that of Pima females, the age-adjusted death rate was 2.3 times that in U.S. males, all races. Moreover among males 25-34 years of age, the Pima death rate was 6.6 times that for the U.S. all races. Diseases of the heart and malignant neoplasms caused 59% of U.S. deaths in 1980, but only 19% of GRIC deaths. By contrast, the age- and sex-adjusted mortality rate in the GRIC Pima was 5.9 times the rate of the U.S. all races for accidents, 6.5 times for cirrhosis, 7.4 times for homicide, 4.3 times for suicide, and 11.9 times for diabetes. Tuberculosis and coccidioidomycosis were important causes of death in the Pima, for whom infectious diseases was the tenth leading cause of death. The findings indicate that programs to improve the adverse mortality experience of the GRIC population should emphasize factors related to fatal accidents, alcoholic cirrhosis, homicide, suicide, diabetes mellitus, and infectious diseases. Young Pimas, especially the males, should be the primary focus of such preventive efforts. These findings and recommendations probably apply to many Native American populations.
 ...
PMID:Adverse mortality experience of a southwestern American Indian community: overall death rates and underlying causes of death in Pima Indians. 224 58

An exploratory time series analysis was performed on selected indicators of structural change, health behavior, and ill health in Sweden in the years 1963-1983. Both synchronic (nonlagged) and asynchronic (lagged) analyses were made. The synchronic analysis of variations in the suicide rate reveals two main contributory factors: level of employment and overtime work. For cardiovascular mortality in men, the synchronic and the two-year time lagged analyses reveal that the sale of alcohol and, to a certain extent, the length of the period of unemployment play a major role. In an analysis with a three-year time lag, only one significant factor for both men and women is revealed, namely the level of employment. In the synchronic analysis of cirrhosis mortality in men, the sale of alcohol plays a dominant role. The results of the synchronic analysis of the variations in sick leave show a similar pattern for both men and women. In both cases, the sale of alcohol is positively associated and the proportion of unemployed industrial workers negatively associated with sick leave. The results give rise to a number of questions. For example, how should these findings be interpreted and how should they be related to existing knowledge about the links between business cycles and changes in the health of the population? The answers to such questions are of importance both from a scientific viewpoint and with regard to health policy. We argue that the answers require further studies of the characteristics of the periods in the business cycle and of how these periods affect people's lives, living conditions, and behavioral patterns in general.
 ...
PMID:Structural changes, ill health, and mortality in Sweden, 1963-1983: a macroaggregated study. 230 56

We compared the jobs, estimates of exposures, and mortality experience of short-term (less than or equal to 1 year) and long-term (greater than 1 year) workers from nine plants producing formaldehyde or formaldehyde products. There were few jobs that were filled solely or primarily by newly hired workers. The estimated median level of formaldehyde exposure experienced by short-term workers on their first job was nearly identical to that for long-term workers, although short-term workers were more likely to be in jobs exposed to particulates than were long-term workers. As duration of employment increased, there was little change in the average estimated exposure level of formaldehyde, but the likelihood of being exposed to particulates decreased. Short-term workers had greater risks than long-term workers of dying from diseases of the circulatory system, arteriosclerotic heart disease, emphysema, diseases of the digestive system, cirrhosis of the liver, motor vehicle accidents, suicide and malignant neoplasms, particularly cancers of the stomach, colon, lung, prostate, and brain.
 ...
PMID:Comparison of jobs, exposures, and mortality risks for short-term and long-term workers. 240 25

Alcohol consumption is an important element in the epidemiologic profile of Mexico. This can be confirmed observing the increased per capita consumption of certain alcoholic beverages (like beer and wine), alcohol related medical problems (e.g. liver cirrhosis), social problems (i.e. violence) and by the data provided by household surveys of prevalence of alcohol consumption in Mexico since the 60's. The population's consumption of alcoholic beverages has generated concern, as the Simple Distribution Theory (SDT) predicts that an increment in the per capita alcohol consumption is likely to be accompanied by an increment of heavy drinkers. This increment is, then, related to a theoretical increment in alcohol related damages. In order to partially test the SDT data from a series of surveys done in the country, six surveys of the 70's were used. Those surveys were executed in six cities, the capital of five states and the capital of the Republic, with a comparable methodology and definition of alcohol consumption. We used prevalence data of heavy drinkers in those cities as an independent variable for a series of medical and social problems, in a multiple-group comparison study. In general, the results do not support the SDT in the case of mortality by liver cirrhosis, suicide and traffic deaths, or for alcohol related offenses at the Federal Courts. Nevertheless, the results seem to support the SDT for some groups in Common Court offenses and for the rate of traffic accidents. In a comparison with other independent variables (prevalence of abstainers, per capita bars, illiteracy, unemployment, and population density), the prevalence of heavy drinkers and population density were the best. Both obtained the largest number of statistically significant correlations with the problems studied. For the prevalence of heavy drinkers some of those correlations were in the inverse sense as predicted by the SDT.
 ...
PMID:[The prevalence of chronic drinkers in Mexico: an ecologic analysis]. 258 69

It is a well-known observation that patients submitted to operation for benign duodenal or gastric ulceration have reduced long-term survival as compared with the basic population. This excessive mortality may attributed to association between peptic ulceration and other conditions, particularly pulmonary disease, cirrhosis of the liver and suicide. In order to investigate whether there is a difference in the pattern of causes of death in patients treated with classical gastric resection and patients treated the vagotomy methods employed in recent years, an analysis of the causes of death in 169 patients was undertaken. During the years 1972-1977 these patients had been treated with selective gastric vagotomy with drainage, selective gastric vagotomy with antrectomy, parietal cell vagotomy with or without drainage for duodenal ulceration, pyloric ulceration, prepyloric ulceration or combined ulceration. This is termed the Aarhus County Vagotomy Trial. Comparison with the basic population reveals statistically significant excessive mortality from gastro-intestinal disease including the subgroups benign ulcer disease and cirrhosis of the liver and accidents including the subgroup of suicide. The mortality from malignant conditions did not differ significantly from the control group with the exception of significantly increased incidence of cancer of the stomach. The death ratio was increased for cancer in the lungs and pancreas but this was not statistically significant. These results are in agreement with reviews based on resection materials apart from the observation that a significant excess mortality from cancer of the stomach was demonstrated in this patient group in the present investigation which is not a constant finding in previous investigations. In addition, no increased incidence of benign pulmonary disease could be demonstrated.
 ...
PMID:[Causes of death in surgically treated ulcer patients. Results from the Aarhus County Vagotomy Trial]. 260 35

In order to investigate whether the previously found excess mortality in surgically-treated patients with peptic ulcer might be due partly to the resections employed, a survival analysis was undertaken in 824 patients 8-13 years after different types of vagotomy. These patients had been submitted to selective gastric vagotomy with drainage, selective gastric vagotomy with antrectomy or parietal cell vagotomy with or without drainage for duodenal ulcer, pyloric ulcer, prepyloric ulcer, or combined ulceration during the period from 1972 to 1977. A statistically significant excessive mortality was found for both sexes in the total material compared to the background population. Analysis of the material, subdivided according to the operative methods employed, revealed a significant excess mortality in men treated with selective gastric vagotomy and antrectomy, whereas the mortality rates were slightly and insignificantly raised in the nonantrectomy groups. No significant difference in the mortality could be demonstrated in relation to the site of the ulcers. Analysis of the cause-specific mortality revealed a significantly raised mortality from gastrointestinal diseases, including a significant excessive mortality in the subgroups of benign peptic ulcer and cirrhosis of the liver. Likewise, the death rate from accidents including the subgroup of suicide was significantly increased. The overall mortality from malignancies was insignificantly raised among patients, whereas cancer in the stomach was significantly increased. An increased mortality from cancer in the lungs and pancreas did not reach statistical significance. These findings are in reasonable accordance with other studies. A significantly increased mortality from gastric cancer has been usual, although not a constant finding after gastric resection.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
 ...
PMID:Survival after vagotomy: results of the Aarhus County Vagotomy Trial. 262 88

A study of mortality among alcoholics was carried out involving patients discharged from the alcoholic ward of a Hamamatsu University-affiliated hospital from 1972 to 1984 (1021 patients). The average age at death was 48.4 years. The causes of death were divided into three groups; 'diseases', 'accidents', 'suicide and homicide', accounting for 73.5%, 10.5% and 7.3% of 257 deaths, respectively. Death rates per 1000 persons for the years at risk were compared with the expected rates for the general population. Briefly, the death rates for patients were more than 10 times as large as those in the general population. Our results showed that liver cirrhosis and heart failure ranked high among the causes of death in alcoholics. Among patients who died, only 3.1% were total abstainers after discharge from hospital, which was an extremely low proportion in comparison with the average cross-total abstinence rate of 25.8% among patients after discharge.
 ...
PMID:Mortality among alcoholics discharged from a Japanese hospital. 270 84

Sex differences in mortality are described and discussed, using data from the national causes of death statistics of West Germany. As in other industrialized countries, men in the FRG, compared to women, have higher mortality rates in all leading causes of death. The sex differences are most prominent in coronary heart disease, lung cancer, fatal accidents, suicide and liver cirrhosis. For example, in the age groups 35 to 55 the male/female ratio in the mortality rates was 6 to 7 for coronary heart disease, 3 to 4 for lung cancer, and 4 for fatal accidents. The cause-specific death rates and the results from corresponding epidemiological studies indicate that genetic disadvantages of men are reinforced by factors of the social environment and 'deleterious' individual behavior. Thus a great part of the sex differences in total mortality could be influenced and should not be judged as inevitable.
 ...
PMID:[Differential mortality of males and females, exemplified by West Germany]. 306 94


<< Previous 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 Next >>