Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The serum levels of tumour marker CA 125 were measured in 162 patients with various digestive tract malignancies and in 155 patients with benign digestive tract diseases. The highest frequency of elevated CA 125 values (greater than 35 U ml-1) was found in patients with liver cancer (78%), but the level was equally often elevated in liver cirrhosis (78%). Two-thirds of the patients with biliary tract cancer had an increased CA 125 concentration, while four patients with benign biliary diseases had an elevated value. The serum level of CA 125 was elevated in only 20% of 60 patients with primary colorectal cancer, and in none of those with local disease (Dukes A or B). The CA 125 concentration seldom increased in patients with recurrent colorectal carcinoma. Twenty-three per cent of 44 patients with gastric cancer had an elevated CA 125 value. Two of 33 patients with benign colorectal and one of 68 patients with benign gastric diseases had an increased CA 125 concentration. The serum values of CA 125 showed no correlation with those of tumour markers alphafetoprotein (AFP), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) or CA 19-9. AFP was superior to the other markers in the diagnosis of liver diseases, while CA 19-9 showed the greatest accuracy in gastric diseases. In colorectal diseases, CEA had a higher sensitivity, but a lower specificity than CA 125 and CA 19-9. CA 125 and CA 19-9 had similar sensitivities for biliary tract cancer.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:Tumour marker CA 125 in patients with digestive tract malignancies. 171 1

Serum levels of SPan-1 were determined in patients with various gastrointestinal cancers including pancreatic cancer and benign disorders, as well as from healthy subjects, by using a newly developed SPan-1 antigen immunoradiometric assay (SPan-1 RIABEAD, Dainabott). In addition, usefulness of diagnosis for pancreatic cancer by determination of Serum SPan-1 antigen was compared with that of other tumor markers such as CA 19-9, DU-PAN 2, CA 50, CEA and elastase 1 in the same patients. Serum SPan-1 antigen levels in healthy controls ranged from 0 to 156 U/ml with a mean of 7.7 U/ml (+/- 15.0, 2 S.D). Thirty U/ml of serum SPan-1 antigen levels was set as the cut-off value, and 98.9% of healthy controls were within this cut-off value (30 U/ml). Serum SPan-1 antigen levels in pancreatic cancer were distributed from 0-353, 900 U/ml with a mean of 14,466 U/ml (+/- 16.616 SD). Sensitivity of SPan-1 antigen in pancreatic cancer was 81.9%, which was the highest among gastrointestinal cancers, and eight of nine pancreatic cancer patients with stage II showed above normal limits (30 U/ml). Although serum SPan-1 antigen levels in biliary tract cancer and liver cirrhosis showed a high percentage (70.3%, 56.8%), the mean values of SPan-1 antigen levels in these groups were 477 U/ml and 62.8 U/ml, respectively, which was lower than that of pancreatic cancer. False positive ratio of SPan-1 antigen in benign pancreatic disease was lower than that of CA 19-9. Also, comparative studies of SPan-1 antigen and various tumor markers between pancreatic cancer and benign gastrointestinal diseases revealed that SPan-1 antigen showed the highest sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosis for pancreatic cancer among other tumor markers. From these results, measurement of SPan-1 antigen appeared to be the most useful marker in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:[Diagnostic usefulness and limitation of measuring pancreatic cancer associate antigen, SPan-1, in patients with pancreatic cancer]. 273 18

The 1916 painters and the 1948 electricians who resided in the Canton of Geneva at the time of the 1970 census were identified and followed up to 1984. During the study period 121 disability pensions were awarded to painters and 59 to electricians. Age standardised incidence of disability per 1000 man-years at risk was higher among painters than among electricians for all neuropsychiatric causes (1.23/1000 and 0.68/1000, respectively) and for all other causes (5.50/1000 and 3.41/1000, respectively). No case of presenile dementia was diagnosed among painters. There was inadequate evidence to indicate that the higher risk of neuropsychiatric disability for painters might have been due to their occupational exposure to organic solvents. A possible toxic effect of these substances on the central nervous system was confounded with alcoholism which was associated with disability from neuropsychiatric disease in 12 of 20 painters and in only one of 10 electricians. Mortality and incidence of cancer were assessed among both cohorts and compared with the expected figures calculated from Geneva rates. Among painters there was a significant increase in overall mortality (O = 254, E = 218.5), in mortality from all cancers (O = 96, E = 75.4), and in incidence from all cancers (O = 159, E = 132.0). For the specific cancer sites, there was a significant excess risk for lung cancer (mortality: O = 40, E = 23.0), which was possibly related to occupational exposure to asbestos and to zinc chromate, although cigarette smoking was not controlled. The significant excesses of biliary tract cancer and of bladder cancer were in accordance with previous observations among painters from other countries. There was also a significant increase in incidence from testicular cancer (O=5, E=1.6), which has not been reported before. For causes of death other than cancer the excesses for alcoholism (O=5, E=0.8). for liver cirrhosis (O=14, E=8.8), for motor vehicle accidents (O=12, E=5.9), and for cerebrovascular disease when allowing for ten years of latency (O=8, E=4.0), were consistent with a probable increased risk of alcohol abuse. Among electricians overall mortality was similar to that expected (O=137, E=139.0). No significant excess risk was found for all cancers or for any specific cancer site. Because of the small number of expected deaths the statistical power was low for the assessment of a possible risk for leukaemia or for brain tumour.
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PMID:Disability, mortality, and incidence of cancer among Geneva painters and electricians: a historical prospective study. 292 Jan 39

In order to evaluate the usefulness of serum DU-PAN-2, we determined this antigen in 384 patients with various malignancies and in 215 patients with benign diseases using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay system (Kyowa Medex Co.). Elevated DU-PAN-2 levels (greater than 400 U/ml) were observed in 55% of hepatocellular cancers, 50% of pancreatic cancers, and 43% of biliary tract cancers. On the other hand, most false-positive cases with benign diseases were observed in patients with liver injury, especially in the acute phase of acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis. However, in only a few cases with other benign diseases including pancreatitis, increased levels were found. Moreover, among the pancreatic cancer or biliary tract cancer patients studied, DU-PAN-2 was positive in 7 of the 19 CA 19-9-negative (less than 37 U/ml) patients and 32 of the 68 CEA-negative (less than 5 ng/ml) patients. These results indicate that the assay of DU-PAN-2 by EIA may have diagnostic usefulness in digestive cancer, especially pancreatic cancer or biliary tract cancer.
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PMID:[Determination of serum DU-PAN-2 by enzyme immunoassay in patients with various digestive cancers]. 354 91

A rapid method for determining urinary indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) is introduced as the tumor-marker for the screening and diagnostic purpose of cancer patients by means of high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Its clinical significance is discussed along with a review of literatures. The IAA concentration and creatinine level of optionally collected urine samples were measured and used for the calculation of IAA amount per unit creatinine (microgram IAA/mg creatinine) in urine. Thus, an amount of 24-hours urinary IAA could be calculated without collecting a whole day's urine supply. Analysis of urinary IAA was performed within 10 minutes by HPLC. Urinary IAA level is usually high in the patients with the upper G-I tract cancers such as gastric cancer, esophageal cancer and hepato-biliary tract cancer, and also malignant hematopoietic disorders. But it is also high in non-cancer patients such as liver cirrhosis, diabetes mellitus and cholelithiasis occasionally. The patients with high urinary IAA level also showed high urinary levels of 5-hydroxy indoleacetic acid (5-HIAA) and monoamine oxidase activity (MAO). It was characteristic that hepatocellular carcinoma showed slight elevation of urinary IAA with normal levels of 5-HIAA and MAO. It is conclusive that the positive rate of elevated urinary IAA level was high in the patients with gastric cancer with ulcer-forming type in its morphological classification, and its level tends to elevate as the disease progresses. Therefore, the measurement of urinary IAA level in an optionally collected urine sample, as the tumor-marker, can be useful to check the progression and regression of gastric cancer.
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PMID:[A rapid method for determining urinary indoleacetic acid concentration and its clinical significance as the tumor-marker in the diagnosis of malignant diseases]. 620 79

The clinical significance of the measurement of c-erbB-2 oncogene product was evaluated. The subjects consisted of 404 patients, including 248 with cancer of the digestive organs and 128 with benign digestive diseases. Serum c-erbB-2 protein levels were measured by sandwich immunoenzyme assay. The positive rates of c-erbB-2 protein, at a cut-off value of 17.0 U/ml, were, for cancers: hepatocellular carcinoma 61.6%, biliary tract cancer 54.8%, pancreatic cancer 25.0%, esophageal cancer 33.3%, gastric cancer 16.9%, and colorectal cancer 5.0%. For benign digestive diseases, the rates were: liver cirrhosis 63.3%, chronic hepatitis 43.2%, acute hepatitis 42.9%, other liver diseases 42.8%, cholelithiasis 30.0%, and chronic pancreatitis 0%. Serum c-erbB-2 protein levels were significantly correlated with the markers of hepatic functional reserve, the indocyanine green retention rate and the hepaplastin test. These findings suggest that serum c-erbB-2 protein levels are greatly influenced by liver dysfunction and that their clinical usefulness as a serum tumor marker is questionable.
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PMID:Serum levels of c-erbB-2 protein in digestive diseases. 752 80

Clinically significant liver and biliary disorders occur in approximately 5 percent of persons with inflammatory bowel disease. The most common hepatobiliary disorders encountered in patients with inflammatory bowel disease are fatty liver, sclerosing cholangitis and gallstones. In addition, chronic hepatitis, cirrhosis, biliary cancer and amyloidosis sometimes occur. Family physicians should be alert for these gastrointestinal problems in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
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PMID:Hepatobiliary complications of inflammatory bowel disease. 757 66

Gallstones are often complicated with diseases such as liver cirrhosis, hemolytic anemia, post-valvular replacement, post-gastrectomy, biliary tract cancers, diabetes mellitus, and during clofibrate therapy. The frequency of gallstones, types of stones and their pathogenesis in these situations are discussed in this chapter. In liver cirrhosis, hemolytic anemia and post-valvular replacement, black stone formation is enhanced due to bilirubin over-production, caused mainly by hemolysis. Bilirubin stone formation is accelerated gastrectomy and by biliary tract cancer, because of the decrease in gallbladder contraction, cholestasis and bacterial infection, etc. The incidence of cholesterol gallstone is high in patients with diabetes mellitus and with clofibrate therapy.
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PMID:[Diseases with high incidence of gallstone complication]. 836 89

No prospective study has analyzed simultaneously chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholism as risk factors for liver carcinogenesis, while taking into consideration the role of cirrhosis. Nor has the risk for hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic viral hepatitis been prospectively evaluated in a low-risk Western population. Last, the relationship between hepatocellular carcinoma risk factors and bile duct cancer remains to be clarified. We analyzed prospectively the risk for primary liver and extrahepatic biliary tract cancer among 186,395 patients hospitalized with either chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholism, cirrhosis, or any combination of these conditions through linkages between national Swedish registers. Compared with the general population, the relative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was 34.4 for chronic viral hepatitis alone, 2.4 for alcoholism alone, and 40.7 for cirrhosis alone. Among patients with combinations of these risk conditions, the relative risk of hepatocellular carcinoma was 27.3 for chronic viral hepatitis and alcoholism, 118.5 for chronic viral hepatitis and cirrhosis, 22.4 for alcoholism and cirrhosis, and 171.4 for all 3 conditions. We found limited evidence for an excess risk of intrahepatic, but not for extrahepatic, biliary duct cancer. Cirrhosis amplifies the risk of hepatocellular carcinoma among patients with chronic viral hepatitis, but it is not a prerequisite for liver carcinogenesis. In contrast, cirrhosis may be a necessary intermediate for the development of hepatocellular carcinoma among alcoholics.
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PMID:The risk of liver and bile duct cancer in patients with chronic viral hepatitis, alcoholism, or cirrhosis. 1158 67

Biliary tract cancers are relatively rare but fatal tumors. Apart from a close link with gallstones and cholangitis, risk factors for biliary tract cancer are obscure. Chronic liver conditions, including liver cirrhosis, have been linked to a higher risk of biliary tract cancer. In a population-based case-control study conducted in Shanghai, China, we investigated the relationships of a history of chronic hepatitis and liver cirrhosis as well as a family history of liver cancer with biliary tract cancer risk. The study included 627 patients with biliary tract cancers (368 gallbladder, 191 bile duct and 68 ampulla of Vater), 1,037 patients with biliary stones (774 gallbladder stones and 263 bile duct stones) and 959 healthy subjects randomly selected from the population. Bile duct cancer was associated with self-reports of chronic liver conditions, including a history of chronic hepatitis (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 0.9-4.4), liver cirrhosis (OR = 4.7, 95% CI 1.9-11.7) and a family history of primary liver cancer (OR = 2.0, 95% CI 1.0-3.9). The excess risk persisted after adjustment for gallstones and were more pronounced among subjects without gallstones (OR = 5.0, 95% CI 1.3-20.0 and OR = 4.9, 95% 2.0-12.2, respectively). History of liver conditions was also associated with an excess of biliary stones (OR = 1.9, 95% CI 1.2-3.0). No association was found for cancers of the gallbladder and ampulla of Vater. A history of chronic hepatitis and cirrhosis may be risk factors for extraheptic bile duct cancer. Given that chronic infection with hepatitis B virus (HBV) is the most common cause of liver disease in China, serologic markers of HBV need to be measured in future studies to examine the link between HBV and bile duct cancer.
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PMID:Biliary tract cancer and stones in relation to chronic liver conditions: A population-based study in Shanghai, China. 1727 1


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