Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
Pivot Concepts:   Target Concepts:
Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The influence of alimentation on the digestive pathology is very important. In this report the authors review the principal results of epidemiologic studies and animals experimentations. According to this survey of the literature it can be stated that some presumptions exist for: -- the responsibility of diet without vegetal fibers in the frequency of constipation, colonic divercitular disease, piles and hiatal hernia. The comparison of the alimentary habits in the western Europe with rural Africa is very instructive on that matter; -- the responsibility of alcohol consumption, use of hypercaloric regimen and hyperlipidic ingestats as causative factors for chronic pancreatitis; -- the importance of an hypercaloric, hyperlipidic and low residue regimen as etiologic factors in biliary gallstones; -- the role of denutrition and alcoholism in liver steatosis and cirrhosis in developed country; -- more important, perhaps, is the suspicion of the role of nutrition in the development of digestive cancer: alcohol will facilitate oesophageal cancer, alimentary nitrites gastric cancer meanwhile fiberless regimen and biles salts will promote colonic cancer. Impairments of nutrition observed after digestive resections in case of inappropriate alimentation are also analyzed as well as the principal alimentary disturbances related to allergy or enzymatic deficiency.
 ...
PMID:[Dietary behavior and digestive diseases]. 82

Recently a glycolipid antigen known as gastrointestinal cancer antigen (GICA) has been proposed as a new seral marker of gastrointestinal and pancreatic tumours. This antigen is specifically recognised by a monoclonal antibody and biologically and immunologically distinguished by carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA). Out of 438 subjects including: 60 blood donors, 205 patients suffering from digestive tract tumours, subdivided into different organs 21 gastric ca's, 60 colon ca's, 100 pancreatic ca's and 24 liver cancers) 173 subjects with inflammatory gastrointestinal complaints, also divided by organ 18 gastric ulcers, 45 inflamed colons, 60 chronic pancreatitis and 50 liver cirrhosis). GICA and CEA radioimmunoassays were carried out (Sorin GICAK and CEAK) to evaluate sensitivity, specificity and predictive accuracy. Normal threshold levels were set at 30 ng/ml for CEA and 40 mu/ml for GICA. These levels represent the mean + 2DS of levels measured in 260 patients hospitalised for various benign and functional complaints and differ from cancer patient results by the largest amount. All blood donors, whether smokers or not, give lower values than these. Results show GICA gives a lower overall number of false positives than CEA (20% as against 9.6%). GICA diagnostic results were more accurate overall for the entire case sample examined. GICA gave higher percentage positives than CEA for individual tumour types: pancreatic ca (82% v 52%), liver cancer (70.8% v 20.8%) and gastric ca (47.6% v 33%). CEA appears to work better than GICA in the case of colorectal ca's (56% v 41%). Both markers were found to be more sensitive in the presence of tumours with metastases. GICA is the best currently available marker of pancreatic tumours thanks to its sensitivity, specificity and predictive accuracy. Although GICA gave good results in cases of liver cancer, these did not exceed those obtained with alpha foetoprotein. In the other cases of digestive tumours examined, a combination of GICA and CEA investigation techniques appears to be the best non-invasive method currently available for patient follow-up.
 ...
PMID:[Comparison between the gastrointestinal tumor antigen and the carcinoembryonic antigen in diseases of the digestive tract]. 258 13

In order to evaluate the usefulness of serum DU-PAN-2, we determined this antigen in 384 patients with various malignancies and in 215 patients with benign diseases using a sandwich enzyme immunoassay system (Kyowa Medex Co.). Elevated DU-PAN-2 levels (greater than 400 U/ml) were observed in 55% of hepatocellular cancers, 50% of pancreatic cancers, and 43% of biliary tract cancers. On the other hand, most false-positive cases with benign diseases were observed in patients with liver injury, especially in the acute phase of acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis, and liver cirrhosis. However, in only a few cases with other benign diseases including pancreatitis, increased levels were found. Moreover, among the pancreatic cancer or biliary tract cancer patients studied, DU-PAN-2 was positive in 7 of the 19 CA 19-9-negative (less than 37 U/ml) patients and 32 of the 68 CEA-negative (less than 5 ng/ml) patients. These results indicate that the assay of DU-PAN-2 by EIA may have diagnostic usefulness in digestive cancer, especially pancreatic cancer or biliary tract cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Determination of serum DU-PAN-2 by enzyme immunoassay in patients with various digestive cancers]. 354 91

Immunological analysis of ascitic fluids from 49 patients with gastrointestinal cancer was performed and compared to those from 13 patients with hepatic cirrhosis and 3 with congestive heart failure. The analysis of ascitic fluid was performed using natural killer (NK) activity, MLR, PHA-induced lymphoproliferation (LP) and PPD-LP. Immunologic suppression by malignant ascitic fluid was more remarkably observed in PHA-LP, PPD-LP, MLR and NK assay than that by cirrhotic ascites, and it was further proved to be dose dependent. Ascitic fluids from patients with congestive heart failure showed no suppressive effects. There was no correlation between these suppressions and AFP, CEA or immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) levels in ascitic fluids. The first fraction of sephadex G 200 Gel filtration, which has a molecular weight of more than 200,000, showed the immunosuppressive activity. It is concluded from these results that this immunosuppressive factor does not involve AFP, CEA and IAP. Thus, it is presumed that the prognosis of the patients with gastrointestinal cancer might correlate with the immunosuppressive factor in their ascitic fluid.
 ...
PMID:[Suppression of immunological response by ascitic fluid from gastrointestinal cancer patients]. 620 9

The precision of CA 19-9 RIA kit was evaluated by recovery, reproducibility and dilution test with very satisfactory results. The CA 19-9 value in sera from 52 healthy individuals and from 224 patients with gastric intestinal cancer and other benign disease, showed an increased positive rate in several cases of gastric intestinal cancer. For example, the positive rate in pancreatic cancer, bile duct cancer, colo-rectal cancer, gastric cancer, esophagus cancer, primary biliary cirrhosis diabetes mellitus, liver cirrhosis and chronic hepatitis was 60%, 75%, 55.6%, 45.6%, 20%, 28.6%, 22.7%, 13.7% and 1.7% respectively. By contrast, values from patients with acute hepatitis, fulminant hepatitis, fatty liver, gastric duodenal ulcer, pancreatitis, and primary liver cancer were within the normal range. In this study, CA 19-9 RIA were found to be significant as an adjunct in the management of patients with gastrointestinal cancer, especially pancreatic cancer, and bile duct cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Serum determination of CA 19-9 in patients with digestive cancers and its diagnostic evaluation]. 658 10

Vascular endothelial growth factor plays an important role in neovascularization both in normal tissues and most tumors. It has been extensively investigated recently in various hepatic diseases such as primary and secondary hepatocellular carcinoma, liver cirrhosis, hepatitis and even benign tumors in liver. Vascular endothelial growth factor has been verified to be closely involved in the development and metastases of hepatocellular carcinoma and correlated to the high risk of hepatic metastases and a poor prognosis in gastrointestinal cancer. Using antibodies to vascular endothelial growth factor or other drugs to suppress its expression has also been successfully tried to restrain hepatocellular carcinoma cells and metastases in vitro and in animal models. The protein of vascular endothelial growth factor has an inclination to increase in acute and chronic hepatitis and tends to decrease in cirrhosis both in tissue expression and circulating levels. This circulating level is closely related to the Child-Pugh classification in cirrhotic liver. However, there are indeed some disagreements concerning vascular endothelial growth factor and liver disease, for example, opinions on the positive rates of vascular endothelial growth factor in protein and mRNA level are far from reaching a general consensus. Further study should be performed in the future in antitumor research and its significance in the process of liver cirrhosis.
 ...
PMID:Vascular endothelial growth factors and liver diseases. 1149 Aug 20

The levels of macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF), a proinflammatory and carcinogenic cytokine, were significantly higher in the sera from patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC; 25.6+/-15.3 ng/ml, n=55) and liver cirrhosis (LC; 18.9+/-10.7 ng/ml, n=26) compared with sera from patients with gastrointestinal cancer (6.8+/-7.5 ng/ml, n=29) and normal controls (5.6+/-1.2 ng/ml, n=45; P<0.01). Hepatocytes from patients with LC and HCC, but not from chronic hepatitis, expressed very high levels of MIF. A possible association between overexpression of MIF and hepatocarcinogenesis is suggested.
 ...
PMID:Macrophage migration inhibitory factor in hepatocellular carcinoma and liver cirrhosis; relevance to pathogenesis. 1152 May 95

This review is concerned with the usefulness and the problem of biomarkers for cancer of digestive organs. Carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) is a most popular and useful tumor marker for cancer of digestive organs. Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) antigen and CYFRA have been reported as a useful tumor marker for esophageal cancer. CEA and CA 19-9 are a good prognostic factor in gastric cancer patients. The post-operative increase of serum CEA can be a predictive marker for the patients of colorectal cancer. Development of a radioimmunoassay for highly sensitive detection of tumor markers, they are considered to be useful for monitoring after treatment. But are not useful for the early diagnosis. The diagnosis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is based mainly on serological markers, such as alpha-fetoprotein and PIVKA-II. The two are useful complementary markers of HCC because they do not correlate with each other. But the problem of the false-positive rate for the patients with chronic hepatitis or liver cirrhosis is still remained. A typical marker of pancreatic and bile duct cancer is carbohydrate antigen, but the sensitivity of these markers is only 50%. Recent molecular biological analysis may be used as effective biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, therapy, and risk assessment of digestive cancer.
 ...
PMID:[Biomarkers for neoplasmas in digestive organs]. 1527 78

Endoscopic submucosal dissection (ESD) has become a widely accepted method for treating gastrointestinal cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of ESD for gastric cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis. A total of 18 gastric cancers were treated by ESD in 15 patients with cirrhosis. The rate of en bloc resection was 88.9% (16/18). En bloc resection with tumor-free lateral/basal margins (R0 resection) was 77.8% (14/18). Three patients had postoperative bleeding and underwent emergency gastroscopy for hemostasis. No recurrence was observed during the median follow-up of 21.4 months, excluding three patients in whom additional endoscopic resection or surgery was carried out. ESD can be safely performed for gastric cancer in patients with cirrhosis, resulting in a high en bloc resection rate.
 ...
PMID:Efficacy and safety of endoscopic submucosal dissection for gastric cancer in patients with liver cirrhosis. 1849 35

This article summarizes the expert discussion on the management of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), which took place during the 10th World Gastrointestinal Cancer Congress (WGICC) in Barcelona, June 2008. A multidisciplinary approach to a patient with HCC is essential, to guarantee optimal diagnosis and staging, planning of surgical options and selection of embolisation strategies or systemic therapies. In many patients, the underlying cirrhosis represents a challenge and determines therapeutic options. There is now robust evidence in favour of systemic therapy with sorafenib in patients with advanced HCC with preserved liver function. Those involved in the care for patients with HCC should be encouraged to participate in well-designed clinical trials, to increase evidence-based knowledge and to make further progress.
 ...
PMID:The management of hepatocellular carcinoma. Current expert opinion and recommendations derived from the 10th World Congress on Gastrointestinal Cancer, Barcelona, 2008. 1949 45


1 2 Next >>