Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

We have studied the cytotoxicity against rabbit liver cells of lymphocytes from the peripheral blood of 71 patients with various liver diseases. The group with chronic active hepatitis and three patients with acute alcoholic hepatitis showed significantly higher mean values of lymphocytotoxicity (P less than 0.001) compared with the other patients with chronic persistent hepatitis, post-necrotic fibrosis and cirrhosis. Wilson's disease, and prolonged viral hepatitis. The mean cytotoxicity of these last groups did not differ significantly from controls. In four out of six patients with chronic active hepatitis a significant decrease of lymphocytotoxicity was found after immunosuppressive therapy with oral prednisolone. A good correlation between the lymphocytotoxicity test and histological signs of activity suggests that a cell-mediated immune aggression is present in this disease.
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PMID:Lymphocytotoxicity test against rabbit hepatocytes in chronic liver diseases. 63 39

Thirteen family members of a patient with chronic active hepatitis type B were investigated. The family included both parents, 6 sons, and 5 daughters. The parents were second cousins. HBsAg, liver tests, immunological evaluation, and HLA typing were performed on all subjects. Percutaneous liver biopsies were done on the mother and 5 of the 6 sons. The mother and all 6 sons had HBs antigenemia. The mother was free from any evidence of liver disease whereas all 6 sons had abnormal liver and immunological tests. The liver biopsies of 5 sons showed chronic active hepatitis with variable degrees of progression toward cirrhosis. The 6th son could not be biopsied in view of his prolonged prothrombin time. The father and the 5 daughters were HBsAg negative and had no evidence of liver disease. Immunological abnormalities were present in all of the effected children and in the mother and 3 daughters. This is the second report in the English literature on the familial occurrence of chronic active hepatitis type B. It emphasizes the predominance of this entity in the male offspring and confirms the presence of immunological abnormalities in the relatives of such patients. There was no evidence to link the inheritance of an immunological abnormality to clear the HBsAg to the histocompatibility complex.
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PMID:Genetic and immunological aspects of familial chronic active hepatitis (type B). 66 17

Phosphate metabolism was investigated in 26 patients with a spectrum of liver diseases and mean fasting plasma phosphate concentrations were in the low normal range. A standard oral load of phosphate was used to test absorption and was subnormal in the majority of patients with large bile-duct obstruction and alcoholic liver disease. Subnormal results were also seen in patients with primary biliary cirrhosis and cirrhosis secondary to chronic active hepatitis. These abnormalities appeared to be related to vitamin-D deficiency. Tubular reabsorption of phosohate was markedly reduced in 3 of 14 patients. The therapeutic implications of phosphate status in liver disease are important.
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PMID:Phosphate metabolism in chronic liver disease. 67 74

Serum squalene levels did not change in patients with acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis, but were significantly reduced in patients with intra- and extrahepatic cholestasis. The ratio of cholesterol to squalene remained normal in patients with acute hepatitis as well as chronic active hepatitis, while being slightly decreased in patients with liver cirrhosis. On the other hand, in patients with cholestasis the ratio was markedly raised. From these observations we confirmed abnormal sterol metabolism in hepatobiliary diseases, and clinical usefulness of the ratio of cholesterol to squalene to distinguish hepatocellular injury and cholestasis.
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PMID:Serum squalene levels in hepatobiliary diseases. 67 82

D-Galactose metabolism and demethylation of aminopyrine by healthy controls and patients with chronic active hepatitis (CAH) and cirrhosis (Ci), were assessed by a breath analysis technique measuring 14CO2 exhalation after oral ingestion of 14C-D-galactose or 14C-aminopyrine. Patients with CAH and Ci exhibited decreased 14CO2-exhalation rates following 14C-D-galactose or 14C-aminopyrine. D-Galactose oxidation capacity of the liver can be assessed by a breath analysis technique in analogy to the demethylating function for aminopyrine. The ordinary oral D-galactose tolerance test seems, however, superior in comparison to the 14C-D-galactose tolerance test, in discriminating between healthy controls and patients with chronic liver disease.
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PMID:14C-D-galactose breath test for evaluation of liver function in patients with chronic liver disease. 68 Apr 18

Microsomal antibodies (LKM-antibodies) differ in the indirect immunfluorescence by use of rat organ sections (kidney, stomach, and liver) from mitochondrial antibodies by there reaction with proximal renal tubules and hepatocytes while parietal cells usually fail to stain. In contrast to other humoral autoantibodies LKM-antibodies are rare. In a prospective study on 930 adults and 33 children with two third chronic hepatitis resp. cirrhosis frequency in the first group amounts to 0.38% and in the latter to 6.9% of all liver diseases. Among six patients with LKW-antibodies and chronic active hepatitis there were three children aged 4-13 and three adults between 45-55 years. On common results two children showed beside LKM-antibodies by absence of other immunphenomenons a rise of gamma-globulins in the electrophoresis and immunglobulin G as well as a chronic active hepatitis with necrosis leading in spite of initial rapid progression and persistent antibodies into inactive postnecrotiv cirrhosis. The other four patients showed no common course in respect to clinical, histological and immunological findings.
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PMID:[Liver diseases with microsomal antibodies. Frequency, clinical and immunological findings and course observations (author's transl)]. 68 48

Chronic liver disease is not often reported in patients with haemophilia. Although a high incidence of abnormal liver function tests has been reported, the clinical significance of these findings and their relation to chronic liver disease cannot be established without a liver biopsy. The results of this procedure, carried out in 11 patients with severe haemophilia A and B, in whom SGOT had been persistently raised for three years, are reported. Five patients had chronic active hepatitis, four had chronic persistent hepatitis, one had cirrhosis, and one alcoholic hepatitis. No haemorrhagic complication followed the biopsy procedure, which was carried out in patients given prophylactic clotting factor concentrates. These results suggest that duration of abnormal liver function tests is likely to represent liver disease in haemophiliacs, and that biopsy should be considered to establish the diagnosis and plan a suitable therapeutic programme.
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PMID:A clinicopathological study of liver disease in haemophiliacs. 69 Feb 43

In order to assess the frequency of significant liver disease in hepatitis B surface antigen carriers with normal liver tests, 54 such individuals were identified and prospectively followed for 4 to 48 months with monthly liver tests. Upon testing, 4 were found to carry e antigen and 14 carried e antibody (anti-e). During follow-up, only 4 patients, none of whom were e antigen-positive, developed persisting abnormalities in liver tests. Of the 23 patients who underwent percutaneous liver biopsies, normal histologies were found in 2, nonspecific changes (ground glass hepatocytes, focal necrosis, fatty changes, etc.) in 18, and chronic persistent hepatitis (with or without other nonspecific changes) in 3. Chronic active hepatitis and/or cirrhosis, lesions which may carry more serious prognostic implications, were not seen in any biopsies. Two of the 4 e antigen-positive patients consented to biopsy, both of whom had chronic persistent hepatitis. All 6 patients with anti-e who underwent biopsy had ground glass hepatocytes, which were found in only about 50% of the remaining patients. It is concluded that hepatitis B surface antigen carriers should be followed with serial liver tests, and those whom tests remain normal should not be considered for liver biopsy.
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PMID:Hepatitis B surface antigen carriers--to biopsy or not to biopsy. 70 Mar 27

Circulating complete and defective hepatitis B virus forms, as represented by full, DNA polymerase-positive and empty, DNA polymerase-negative Dane particles, respectively, were investigated in sera from patients with chronic hepatitis B virus infection and related to the presence of e antigen and antibody and to the histological findings on liver biopsy. Complete hepatitis B virus particles were detected in the serum of all patients postive for e antigen, their percentage ranging from 15 to 61% of the total Dane particle population. Although most of these cases had chronic persistent or chronic active hepatitis, complete viral particles were also found in serum of 3 healthy carriers of hepatitis B surface antigen who had e antigen. These results indicate that e antigen is a marker of active virus replication and support its association with infectivity. It is also associated with liver damage because production of complete virus is a feature of chronic hepatitis. In the presence of anti-e, detection of Dane particles in serum appeared to be related to the histological findings. Most of the healthy carriers had no Dane particles in serum, whereas 80% of the cases with chronic liver disease had circulating Dane particles. However, in contrast to the cases with e antigen, 98 to 100% of Dane particles in these cases appeared to be defective in nucleic acid material on electron microscopy after positive staining. All of the patients with chronic active hepatitis in this group had progressed to cirrhosis and it is possible that production of complete virus particles is reduced in the later stages of the illness.
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PMID:Full and empty Dane particles in chronic hepatitis B virus infection: relation to hepatitis B e antigen and presence of liver damage. 70 Mar 29

20 coagulation parameters were investigated in 144 patients with different liver diseases. The groups of acute hepatitis, chronic active hepatitis and liver cirrhosis were compared and the prognostic value of the coagulation analyses investigated. It is clear that the determination of the factor V activity is a good and easy test for detection of actual liver function. Repeated controls over several weeks revealed with a statistical significance (p less than 0.0005) that all patients with a factor XIII below 35% and a plasminogen below 19% will die in liver coma, if they have not died beforehand from acute gastrointestinal haemorrhage, acute infection or cardiac arrest. Plasminogen is also lower in the group of non-survivors but the values of the two groups are overlapping and of no prognostic help in a single case. The possible causes of the diminution of factor XIII activity are discussed.
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PMID:Quantitative estimation of coagulation factors in liver disease. The diagnostic and prognostic value of factor XIII, factor V and plasminogen. 70 94


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