Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

In healthy subjects normal plasmalactoferrin (PLf) concentrations were found to be 0.206 +/- 0.06 mg/l in 49 men and 0.148 +/- 0.06 mg/l in 62 women. A highly significant correlation of PLf with the number of circulating neutrophils (PMN) and a PLf/PMN relationship suggesting proportionality was demonstrated. Among 73 patients absolute PLf concentrations were significantly increased in septicemia, cirrhosis of the liver and tumors with liver metastases, decreased in localized infection, tumors without liver involvement, iron deficiency and acute hepatitis B, and normal in acute myocardial infarction. The PLf/PMN ratio, on the other hand, was normal in liver cirrhosis, hepatitis B and in a part of the patients with septicemia and tumor disease with liver involvement. The ratio was increased in a part of the septicemic patients, and decreased in the remaining disease types. Positive PLf/PMN correlations were found in myocardial infarction, septicemia and liver cirrhosis, whereas a very close, negative correlation existed in acute hepatitis B. These findings are discussed on the basis of existing knowledge on lactoferrin physiology, the intravascular fate of PMN and the RES function.
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PMID:Plasmalactoferrin and the plasmalactoferrin/neutrophil ratio. A reassessment of normal values and of the clinical relevance. 313 91

Using a new rapid coagulant method, protein C activity (PC act) was determined in liver cirrhosis and malignancies and compared with PC antigen and AT III values. PC was decreased in a more pronounced manner than AT III in liver cirrhosis, mainly due to impaired synthesis. This is of special clinical interest because PC proved to be a high sensible indicator of liver cell dysfunction. Decreased levels of PC act (PC ratio act/ag less than 1) in decompensated liver cirrhosis may be caused by the synthesis of dysfunctional PC and/or vitamin K deficiency with production of undercarboxylated PC most sensitively registered by this coagulant assay. An increased clearance of in vivo activated PC induced by DIC may play an insignificant role. In patients with liver metastases, PC act (but not AT III and immunological parameters) was significantly reduced, supporting the conclusion that in these patients liver dysfunction concomitant with synthesis of dysfunctional PC must be discussed as the main cause of this alteration.
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PMID:Immunological and functional determination of the protease inhibitors, protein C and antithrombin III, in liver cirrhosis and in neoplasia. 320 4

A hybridoma producing monoclonal antibody (H11) directed to lactoneotetraosylceramide (paragloboside) has been established from spleen cells of a mouse immunized with paragloboside. The monoclonal antibody H11 (immunoglobulin M type) was selected from five clones showing different reactivities with paragloboside. The monoclonal antibody was highly specific to paragloboside and lacked reactivity with other glycolipids including glucosylceramide, lactosylceramide, globotriaosylceramide, globotetraosylceramide, gangliotriaosylceramide, gangliotetraosylceramide, and GalNAc beta 1-4[NeuAc alpha 2-3]Gal beta 1-4Glc beta 1-1Cer. However, the monoclonal antibody (H11) was found to bind to lactosamine-containing glycolipids at their terminals, such as i- and I-type glycolipids as well as paragloboside. A two-step sandwich radioimmunoassay method for paragloboside antigen in serum was established by using the monoclonal antibody. The mean paragloboside antigen concentration in the sera from 20 normal individuals was 25.3 ng/ml. If the cutoff value was set at 80.9 ng/ml [25.3 + 2 x 27.8 (SD)], only 1 of 20 healthy controls had an elevated paragloboside value in the serum, whereas sera from 9 of 12 (75.0%) hepatoma, 4 of 10 (40%) pancreatic cancer, 16 of 40 (40.0%) stomach cancer, and 6 of 10 (60%) lung cancer patients had elevated paragloboside values. Sera from 3 of 8 hepatitis patients and 7 of 10 liver cirrhosis patients were estimated to be positive but sera from 16 patients with benign disease had paragloboside levels lower than the cutoff value. A larger amount of the antigen was found in liver metastases from colorectal carcinoma compared to the normal counterpart. The antigen was also detected in the medium of various human cancer cells and meconium. However, the antigen in the sera, medium, meconium, and cancer tissue seemed to be associated with glycoprotein or lipoprotein, because most of the antigen activity was eluted in the void volume fraction on high-performance liquid chromatography with a gel filtration column.
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PMID:Detection of patients with cancer by monoclonal antibody directed to lactoneotetraosylceramide (paragloboside). 334 24

A prospective study identified 45 patients with malignancy-related ascites among 448 ascites patients (10% of the total). Patients were categorized into five subgroups based on the pathophysiology of ascites formation. Each subgroup had a distinctive ascitic fluid analysis. Patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis but without massive liver metastases (53.3% of the patients with malignancy-related ascites) had a uniformly positive ascitic fluid cytology, high ascitic fluid protein concentration and low serum-ascites albumin gradient. Patients with massive liver metastases and no other cause for ascites formation (13.3% of the series) had a negative cytology, low ascitic fluid protein concentration, high serum-ascites albumin gradient and markedly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. Those with peritoneal carcinomatosis and massive liver metastases (13.3% of the series) had a nearly uniformly positive ascitic fluid cytology, variable protein concentration, high serum-ascites albumin gradient and markedly elevated serum alkaline phosphatase. Chylous ascites (6.7%) was characterized by a milky appearance, negative cytology and an elevated ascitic fluid triglyceride concentration. Patients with hepatocellular carcinoma superimposed on cirrhosis (13.3%) had negative ascitic fluid cytology, low ascitic fluid protein concentration, high serum-ascites albumin gradient and elevated serum and ascitic fluid alpha-fetoprotein concentration. Two-thirds of patients with malignancy-related ascites had peritoneal carcinomatosis; 96.7% of patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis had positive ascitic fluid cytology. Ascitic fluid analysis is helpful in identifying and distinguishing the subgroups of malignancy-related ascites.
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PMID:Ascitic fluid analysis in malignancy-related ascites. 341 31

In this randomized trial adjuvant cytotoxic portal vein perfusion in patients undergoing surgery for colorectal cancer without liver metastases was assessed to determine whether the incidence of metachronous liver metastases could be reduced and survival thereby improved. There were 127 control patients and 117 patients who received adjuvant perfusion. A further 13 patients were excluded following randomization because of cirrhosis in 1, liver metastases at laparotomy in 3 and technical problems with cannulation in 9. Dukes' staging and degree of differentiation were similar in the two groups. There were fewer liver metastases in the perfusion patients and overall survival was improved. However, the benefit appears to be greatest in patients with Dukes' B colon cancer.
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PMID:A randomized controlled trial of adjuvant portal vein cytotoxic perfusion in colorectal cancer. 388 35

Ultrasonically guided fine needle aspiration biopsy is known to be of great value in the diagnosis of malignant liver disease, with an overall accuracy rate of 73-94 p. 100. However, investigators have essentially reported cases of liver metastases. In this report, we examined the diagnostic value of this method in the specific case of tumors associated with cirrhosis. Twenty-seven patients with cirrhosis (20 alcoholic, 4 post-hepatitis, 3 hemochromatosis) with ultrasonically suspected hepatic malignancy were studied. They all presented severe blood clotting disturbances and/or ascites. At the end of the study, all patients had proven malignancy (by post mortem biopsy in 14 cases and/or serum AFP greater than 500 microgram/l in 17 cases). There were 25 primary and 2 metastatic tumors. Twenty-nine fine needle aspiration biopsies were performed under ultrasonic guidance. material suitable for cytologic evaluation was obtained in 25 patients. In 14 cases, a diagnosis of malignant involvement of the liver was firmly established by cytological examination; it was suggested in 4 other cases. Tumor typing was possible in 12 primary and 2 metastatic tumors, in agreement with the proven diagnosis. The present study shows that fine needle aspiration biopsy under ultrasound guidance is a safe and accurate diagnostic procedure in malignant liver disease associated with cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Value of ultrasound-guided cytopuncture in the diagnosis of tumors in cirrhosis. Study of 29 cases]. 397 26

2,131 coded sera were obtained and tested according to the new 5'-NPDase-V isozyme test. On decoding, 99/126 (79%) samples of primary hepatoma, from the United States and other countries, were positive. In the U. S. group, 51/58 (88%) were positive, 23/58 (40%) had AFP higher than 20 ng/ml. In the non-U. S. group, 48/68 (71%) were positive for 5'-NPDase-V, as compared with AFP elevation in 45/68 (66%). 236/268 (88%) cases of cancer with known liver metastases were positive for 5'-NPDase-V. Of 1,040 cancer patients without liver scan or biopsy evidence of metastasis, 316 were positive. In a follow-up of this group of 316 cases, 109 underlying liver metastases were demonstrated by repeat scan or at autopsy within 3--6 months. All 166 sera from normal healthy persons were negative for 5'-NADase-V. Based on this large panel, 5'-NPDase-V test is a sensitive and an important diagnostic aid for cancer patients, both as an early predictor for liver metastases, and a useful marker for primary hepatoma when no other primary sites are found and when there is no evidence of severe chronic liver disease such as cirrhosis.
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PMID:Serum 5'--nucleotide phosphodiesterase isozyme--V test for human liver cancer. 615 48

A monoclonal antibody, RL23/36, reacting preferentially with a determinant expressed on normal human hepatocytes is described. Use of an immunohistochemical technique on frozen sections from a range of 75 human liver biopsy specimens revealed that the determinant detected by RL23/36 was not expressed on hepatocytes from a number of patients with biopsy-proven liver disease. Although a normal staining pattern was observed in 28 of 29 biopsy specimens from patients with no evidence of liver disease, the antibody did not bind to hepatocytes in some cases of chronic active hepatitis (2/13), alcoholic liver disease (2/9), haemochromatosis (1/1), cirrhosis (1/2) and liver metastases (2/8). Furthermore, as in a previous study undertaken in the rat, the antibody failed to bind to tumour cells in the single human hepatoma observed in this study. These results suggest that further studies using RL23/36 may shed light on the pathogenesis of a number of liver diseases, including primary hepatocellular carcinoma.
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PMID:A monoclonal antibody reactive with human hepatocytes. 619 94

The level of tumor markers (alpha-fetoprotein, carcinoembryonic antigen, ferritin, beta 2-microglobulin) in the blood serum was determined in 147 patients with benign and malignant hepatic diseases, 105 patients with cancer of extrahepatic site, Stage I-IV, without liver metastases (a control group) and 36 practically healthy persons. An analysis of the results obtained allowed one to establish that an increase in the concentration of tumor markers as compared to the normal one, is noted in both malignant and benign hepatic diseases as well as in the control group. However hepatic tumors were caused by a more frequent rise of the concentration of tumor markers in the blood serum with higher absolute values. Among benign hepatic diseases the most frequent increase in the level of tumor markers was noted in hepatitis and cirrhosis.
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PMID:[Tumor markers in focal and diffuse liver diseases]. 620 93

Parallel laparoscopic and echographic examinations were performed to 382 patients with hepatobiliary diseases. Out of 201 patients with diffuse diseases of the liver, accurate diagnosis of liver cirrhosis was laparoscopically made in 98.4 per cent, and echographically in 85.6 per cent, in case of chronic persistent hepatitis in 100 per cent and 77.4 per cent resp. (the differences being statistically significant). Accurate diagnosis in a higher percentage was also laparoscopically made in chronic active hepatitis and liver steatosis as compared with the echographic method, the differences being statistically insignificant. In 134 patients with focal liver diseases, the accurate diagnosis of liver metastases was laparoscopically made in a higher percentage (in 92.5%, echographically in 88.75%) but in carcinoma of the gallbladder--echographically, the differences being statistically insignificant. In case of primary carcinoma and cystic formations of liver the potentialities of both methods are almost identical. Liver tuberculosis is only diagnoses by laparoscopy and liver biopsy.
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PMID:[Parallel laparoscopic and echographic studies in hepatobiliary diseases]. 621 98


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