Gene/Protein Disease Symptom Drug Enzyme Compound
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Query: UMLS:C0023890 (cirrhosis)
 42,195 document(s) hit in 31,850,051 MEDLINE articles (0.00 seconds)

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult diseases among three ethnic groups, Chinese living in Japan, Koreans living in Japan and Japanese. The mortalities of major cancers and other adult diseases of Chinese and Koreans in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) of the two groups using death rates in the Japanese population as the standard. Life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits of the three groups were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates for liver cancer, lung cancer, diabetes mellitus, heart disease, hypertensive disease, cerebrovascular disease and liver cirrhosis for Koreans of both sexes in Japan were significantly higher than those for Japanese, but the mortality rates of stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer and breast cancer for Korean females were lower than those for Japanese females. 2. The mortality rates for heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer, lung cancer (females), breast cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates for stomach cancer, pancreatic cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 3.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 250 WORDS)
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PMID:[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to life style--comparison of foreigners living in Japan and Japanese]. 213 88

Since Koprowski and coworkers discovered the CA 19-9 antigen 10 yr ago, it has become the most useful blood test in the diagnosis and management of patients with cancer of the pancreas. With an upper limit of normal of 37 U/ml, the assay's overall sensitivity is approximately 80% and its specificity is 90%. If higher cutoffs are used, the specificity rises so that, at levels greater than 1000 U/ml, the marker's specificity approaches 100%. Acute cholangitis and cirrhosis are two benign conditions that might raise this assay significantly. This tumor-associated marker is also helpful in predicting unresectability of pancreatic adenocarcinoma, as 96% of tumors that result in blood levels greater than 1000 U/ml have been found to be unresectable. After potentially curative surgery, the CA 19-9 can help prognosticate survival. Patients who normalize their CA 19-9 postoperatively live longer than those who do not. Furthermore, the assay, when used serially, predicts recurrence of disease prior to radiographic or clinical findings. The CA 19-9 is currently the "gold" standard marker for pancreatic cancer, against which other assays in this field will be judged.
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PMID:The clinical utility of the CA 19-9 tumor-associated antigen. 218 89

Levels of serum Span-1, a new tumor marker for pancreatic cancer, were assayed in 64 patients with pancreatic cancer, 90 with nonpancreatic cancer, and 254 with nonmalignancies, involving 55 healthy controls. Furthermore, Span-1 was compared with other tumor markers (CA19-9, carcinoembryonic antigen [CEA], and DU-PAN-2). Frequency of elevated Span-1 levels was 81.3% in pancreatic cancer. False-positive elevations of serum Span-1 levels were rather common in liver cirrhosis (53.8%) and chronic hepatitis (26.3%). The sensitivity, specificity, and efficiency of this assay for pancreatic cancer, was 81.3%, 75.6%, and 76.5% against all subjects without pancreatic cancer, respectively. In comparison with other markers, sensitivity of Span-1 tended to be highest with similar specificity to those of CA19-9 and CEA. The Span-1 assay has a high sensitivity and specificity for pancreatic cancer. It is almost equivalent to CA19-9 assay. However, this assay is not specific for chronic liver diseases.
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PMID:Usefulness of a new tumor marker, Span-1, for the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer. 231 Oct 67

Two mouse monoclonal antibodies (MoAbs), KM-93 raised against human lung adenocarcinoma and KM-231 raised against human gastric cancer, were useful in serum diagnosis of several human cancer. KM-93 and KM-231 recognize sialyl Lex epitope and sialyl Lea epitope, respectively, expressed on glycoprotein and glycolipid. We established a new "cocktail" sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay system using the two MoAbs and the advantage of this assay system, which can simultaneously detect sialyl Lex and sialyl Lea antigens, is assessed in the present study. The new assay system is composed of a mixture of KM-93 and KM-231 as 1st antibodies and a mixture of biotinylated two MoAbs as 2nd antibodies. We evaluated the concentration of MoAbs and optimized it to gain high cancer-positivity. This assay system covered sialyl Lex positive and/or sialyl Lea-positive sera and gave a high rate of positive results in lung adenocarcinoma (62.3%), gastric cancer (32.5%), colon cancer (37.5%), pancreatic cancer (83.3%), bile duct and gall bladder cancer (66.7%) and hepatoma (76.9%), whereas positive results in healthy adults remained low. Positive results in benign diseases of lung (12.5%), pancreas (10.8%), gall bladder and bile duct (9.1%) were very low, but were higher in liver cirrhosis (33.3%), hepatitis and liver injury (34.8%). Simultaneous detection of two carbohydrate antigens, sialyl Lex and sialyl Lea was clearly superior to single detection.
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PMID:Advantage of cocktail-use of two anti-tumor monoclonal antibodies, KM-93 and KM-231, in serum diagnosis of cancer. 247 31

In order to study the clinical significance of IAP and ASP, we have measured serum concentration of IAP and ASP in patients with different cancer types including digestive organs, head and neck. Significantly higher correlation (coefficient of correlation = 0.924) was found between IAP and ASP. IAP and ASP levels were elevated in about 60-80% of cancer from digestive organs except hepatocellular carcinoma, and in about 56-100% of head and neck tumor. There was no correlation between IAP, ASP and various tumor markers (CEA, CA19-9, AFP) in all malignancies except pancreatic cancer. There was positive correlation between CEA and IAP, ASP in pancreatic cancer. IAP and ASP levels were significantly higher in patients with cancer having evidence of disease than the patients with cancer who had no evidence of disease, and so the determination of IAP and ASP was clinically useful for the diagnosis of tumor existence. At the time of diagnosis of recurrence, the levels of IAP and ASP were elevated in about 70% of patients with cancer recurrence. There was a definite relation between IAP, ASP and the gastric cancer stage. In later state (stage III and IV), serum IAP and ASP levels were significantly higher than the levels of stage I and II. In hepatocellular carcinoma without liver cirrhosis, the levels of IAP and ASP were higher than the patients with cirrhosis. The determination of IAP and ASP seems to be useful for monitoring clinical course, judgement of therapeutic effects.
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PMID:[Clinical evaluation of serum immunosuppressive acidic protein (IAP) and acid soluble glycoproteins (ASP) in patients with malignant tumors]. 248 24

Insulin-like growth factor II is secreted primarily by the liver and is reported to be transcribed in many primary hepatocellular carcinoma (PHC) cell lines. We have studied diagnostic significance of serum IGF-II in chronic liver diseases using specific enzyme immunoassay. Serum IGF-II levels (mean +/- SE) were decreased in chronic hepatitis (538 +/- 51 ng/ml; N = 29), liver cirrhosis (427 +/- 45; 50) and PHC (260 +/- 41; 17) compared to controls (830 +/- 49; 57). Serum IGF-II was not different from controls in any of nonhepatic diseases such as diabetes (1032 +/- 97; 19) pancreatic cancer (1413 +/- 282; 8), chronic pancreatitis (999 +/- 126; 17), peptic ulcer (1186 +/- 43; 11), irritable bowel syndrome (1002 +/- 109; 12), gastrointestinal tract cancer (1250 +/- 216; 21) and chronic renal failure (733 +/- 135; 14). In liver diseases serum IGF-II showed a significant correlation with liver function test (negative with retention of indocyanine green and total bile acids; positive with albumin, thrombo-test, and cholinesterase). These results suggest that serum IGF-II reflects a reduced production of IGF-II in the liver and that it can be an index for the residual capacity of liver function.
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PMID:Serum insulin-like growth factor II in chronic liver disease. 253 15

Plasma pancreastatin (PST)-like immunoreactivity in normal subjects and patients with various diseases was estimated by a RIA, using antiserum raised against a synthetic C-terminal peptide of human PST deduced from the sequence of human chromogranin-A. The mean level +/- SEM was 13.2 +/- 0.6 pmol/L in normal subjects, but was significantly higher in patients with chronic renal failure (526.7 +/- 48.5). An immunoreactive form corresponding to a human PST-like sequence [human chromogranin-A-(250-301)] and a larger form were detected by gel filtration of plasma from these patients, suggesting accumulation of the larger molecular form in these patients. A significant increase in PST-like immunoreactivity was also found in patients with liver cirrhosis (20.8 +/- 3.0 pmol/L), but not in patients with noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus, chronic pancreatitis, or pancreatic cancer. Elevated levels were found in 16 of the 21 patients with small cell lung carcinoma examined. High levels were also found in 3 of 11 patients with islet cell tumor.
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PMID:Plasma pancreastatin-like immunoreactivity in various diseases. 255 88

Serum CA 19-9 has been proposed as a tumour marker for pancreatic cancer (PC). However, false positive results are seen in sera of patients with benign jaundice. The CA 19-9 assay was performed by a solid state radioimmunoassay in 86 icteric patients (total bilirubin greater than 2 mg/dl). 24/86 had PC (12 men, 12 women, mean age 74 years) and 62/86 had benign jaundice (29 men, 33 women, mean age 56 years; cirrhosis: n = 20, angiocholitis: n = 21, hepatitis: n = 21). At a cut-off level of 60 U./ml, for detecting icteric PC, sensitivity was 83%, and specificity was 79%. At 120 U./ml, sensitivity was 79%, but specificity was increased to 92%. We conclude that 21% of patients with benign jaundice had a CA 19-9 level greater than 60 U./ml, and using a CA 19-9 level of 120 U./ml, the specificity of the test to detect icteric PC was increased, with little decrease in the sensitivity.
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PMID:[Is jaundice a cause of error in the interpretation of CA 19-9 blood levels?]. 261 31

This study was conducted to investigate the relationship between life style factors and adult disease for Chinese living in Japan. The mortalities of major cancers and other major diseases of Chinese in Japan were compared with those of Japanese by calculating Standardized Mortality Ratios (SMR) for the Chinese using death rates in the Japanese population the standard. The life style data on smoking, drinking and dietary habits for Chinese in Japan were collected by self-administered questionnaire surveys, and age-adjusted proportions were calculated with the truncated world population as the standard. Then the corrected indexes on life style for Chinese in Japan were compared with those of Japanese. The results are summarized as follows: 1. The mortality rates of heart disease, diabetes mellitus, hypertensive disease, liver cirrhosis, rectum cancer, liver cancer (both sexes), lung cancer (females), breast cancer and cerebrovascular disease (females) for Chinese in Japan were higher than those for Japanese, but the rates of stomach cancer, pancreas cancer (both sexes), uterus cancer (females) and cerebrovascular disease (males) were lower than those for Japanese. 2. The prevalence of current smokers for Chinese males in Japan was lower than that of Japanese, and that of females was higher than that of Japanese. The prevalence of non-smokers for Chinese males was higher than that of Japanese, and that of females was lower than that of Japanese. 3. Although the prevalence of regular drinkers for Chinese of both sexes in Japan were lower than that of Japanese, the prevalence of heavy drinkers who drank over 80 ml of ethanol every day for Chinese males was higher than that of Japanese males. 4. Significant differences were not found in the prevalences of frequent consumers of meat, milk, eggs, fish, other vegetables and food using oil between cooks and non-cooks of Chinese of both sexes in Japan. 5. The age-adjusted prevalences of frequent meat and milk consumers for Chinese in Japan were higher than those of Japanese in both sexes, but those of frequent pickled vegetable and MISO soup consumers were lower than those of Japanese. The dietary pattern of Chinese in Japan was different from that of Japanese with intakes of much fat and less salt. 6. It is assumed that the mortalities due to adult disease for Chinese in Japan are related to their heavy drinking and to their dietary habits.
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PMID:[A socio-medical study of adult diseases related to the life style of Chinese in Japan]. 263 81

Serum levels of SPan-1 were determined in patients with various gastrointestinal cancers including pancreatic cancer and benign disorders, as well as from healthy subjects, by using a newly developed SPan-1 antigen immunoradiometric assay (SPan-1 RIABEAD, Dainabott). In addition, usefulness of diagnosis for pancreatic cancer by determination of Serum SPan-1 antigen was compared with that of other tumor markers such as CA 19-9, DU-PAN 2, CA 50, CEA and elastase 1 in the same patients. Serum SPan-1 antigen levels in healthy controls ranged from 0 to 156 U/ml with a mean of 7.7 U/ml (+/- 15.0, 2 S.D). Thirty U/ml of serum SPan-1 antigen levels was set as the cut-off value, and 98.9% of healthy controls were within this cut-off value (30 U/ml). Serum SPan-1 antigen levels in pancreatic cancer were distributed from 0-353, 900 U/ml with a mean of 14,466 U/ml (+/- 16.616 SD). Sensitivity of SPan-1 antigen in pancreatic cancer was 81.9%, which was the highest among gastrointestinal cancers, and eight of nine pancreatic cancer patients with stage II showed above normal limits (30 U/ml). Although serum SPan-1 antigen levels in biliary tract cancer and liver cirrhosis showed a high percentage (70.3%, 56.8%), the mean values of SPan-1 antigen levels in these groups were 477 U/ml and 62.8 U/ml, respectively, which was lower than that of pancreatic cancer. False positive ratio of SPan-1 antigen in benign pancreatic disease was lower than that of CA 19-9. Also, comparative studies of SPan-1 antigen and various tumor markers between pancreatic cancer and benign gastrointestinal diseases revealed that SPan-1 antigen showed the highest sensitivity and accuracy in diagnosis for pancreatic cancer among other tumor markers. From these results, measurement of SPan-1 antigen appeared to be the most useful marker in the diagnosis of pancreatic cancer.
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PMID:[Diagnostic usefulness and limitation of measuring pancreatic cancer associate antigen, SPan-1, in patients with pancreatic cancer]. 273 18


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